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Üniversite Araştırma Laboratuvarlarının Akreditasyonu: Temel Süreçler, Zorluklar ve Çözüm Önerileri

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: Special Issue, 115 - 127, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.53478/yuksekogretim.1550899

Abstract

Üniversitelerde bulunan araştırma laboratuvarlarının organizasyonunun iyileştirilmesi, kalite kavramlarının ve kültürünün araştırma altyapılarının çeşitli faaliyetleri üzerinde uygulanması ve ölçüm/veri üretim hizmetinin güvenilirliğinin güçlendirilmesi önemlidir. Bunu sağlamanın en güvenilir yolu laboratuvarların ISO/IEC 17025 standardı şartlarına yönelik kurulacak bir kalite yönetim sisteminden akredite olmalarıdır. Ancak, araştırma ve geliştirme kurumlarında kalite yönetim sisteminin uygulanması hâlâ çok zorlu bir alandır. Ülkemizde 2024 yılı itibari ile 129 devlet, 75 vakıf, 4 adet vakıf meslek yüksekokulu olmak üzere toplam 208 aktif üniversite bulunmaktadır. Bu üniversiteler bünyesinde yer alan deney laboratuvarlarından sadece 59 laboratuvar Türk Akreditasyon Kurumu (TÜRKAK)’ndan akreditedir. Bu akredite laboratuvarların kapsamları incelendiğinde kalite yönetimi bileşenlerinin spesifik kapsamlar için hayata geçirildiği görülmektedir. Akreditasyon sürecine başlanmadan önce ilk yapılması gereken akreditasyon kapsamına karar verilmesidir. Bu başlangıcı sırasıyla altyapı gereksinimlerinin tamamlanması, metotların belirlenmesi, standartların temin edilmesi, kalite yönetim sistemi süreçlerinin tanımlanarak ilgili dokümanların (prosedürler, talimatlar, iş akışları, formlar vb.) hazırlanması, personel eğitimlerinin tamamlanarak yetkinliklerinin belirlenmesi, cihaz kalibrasyonlarının tamamlanması, gerekli izlenebilir standartların temini, metotlara ilişkin verifikasyon ve ölçüm belirsizliği çalışmalarının gerçekleştirilmesi, iç kalite kontrol metotlarının belirlenmesi ve çalışmaların başlaması, yeterlilik test katılımlarının gerçekleştirilmesi ve sonucun alınması izler. TÜRKAK başvurusunun yapılabilmesi için kalite yönetim sisteminin en az 3 ay işletilmiş olması ve iç tetkik ve yönetimin gözden geçirmesi toplantılarının yapılması gerekmektedir. Laboratuvar akreditasyonu deney tekrarlarının önlenmesi ve buna bağlı olarak kaynak israfının azaltılmasını, personel yetkinliğinin arttırılmasını, cihaz performanslarının iyileştirilmesini, iç/dış kalite kontrol süreçleriyle teknik ve dokümantasyon olarak sistemin sürekliliğini ve izlenebilirliğini sağlar. Üniversite bünyesinde akredite laboratuvarların işletilmesi, öğrencilerin yetkinliklerini güçlendirmek ve kalite sistemleri konusundaki bilgi ve deneyimlerini arttırmak noktasında da fayda getirecektir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite laboratuvarlarında ISO/IEC 17025:2017 standardı uygulamaları için bir yol haritası sunmak, TÜRKAK laboratuvar akreditasyonunun temel adımlarını, karşılaşılan başlıca sorunları ve çözüm önerilerini tanımlamaktır.

References

  • Bode, P. (1995). Perspective. Quality management and laboratory accreditation at a university: What can be learned from experience? Analyst, 120(5), 1527-1533.
  • Cammann, K., & Kleiböhmer, W. (2001). Quality in (analytical) R&D–ideas for the next step after EURACHEM/CITAC Guide 2. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 6(2), 72-73.
  • De Nadai Fernandes, E. A., Bacchi, M. A., Tagliaferro, F. S., Gonzaga, C. L., De França, E. J., Favaro, P. C., & De Angelis Fogaça, A. (2006). Quality system implementation in a Brazilian university laboratory. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 10(11), 594-598. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-005-0061-0
  • Grochau, I., Caten, C. S., & Forte, M. M. (2018). Motivations, benefits and challenges on ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation of higher education institution laboratories. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 23, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-018-1317-9
  • Grochau, I. H., Ferreira, C. A., Ferreira, J. Z., & Caten, C. S. (2010). Implementation of a quality management system in university test laboratories: A brief review and new proposals. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 15(12), 681-689.
  • Iacob, E. (2016). Experience of accreditation in a surface science laboratory. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 21(1), 9-17.
  • ILAC (Ed.). (2014). ILAC P9:06/2014 – ILAC Policy for Participation in Proficiency Testing Activities.
  • International Organization for Standardization. (2017). ISO/IEC 17025:2017 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories.
  • Lopes, I., Santos, L., Pereira, M., Vaz, P., & Alves, J. (2014). Implementation of the quality management system at the Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Safety (LPSR) in Portugal. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 19(5), 355-360.
  • Mathur-De Vré, R. (2000). The scope and limitations of a QA system in research. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 5(1), 3-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s007690050001
  • Rodima, A., Vilbaste, M., Saks, O., Jakobson, E., Koort, E., Pihl, V., Sooväli, L., Jalukse, L., Traks, J., Virro, K., Annuk, H., Aruoja, K., Floren, A., Indermitte, E., Jürgenson, M., Kaleva, P., Kepler, K., & Leito, I. (2005). ISO 17025 quality system in a university environment. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 10(7), 369-372. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-005-0011-x
  • Shetty, A., Minal, J., & Shilpa, H. (2023). Chronicle of getting the diagnostic laboratory NABL accredited in a teaching medical institute: An overview of our experience. Biomedicine, 43(6), 1899-1903.
  • Türk Akreditasyon Kurumu. (2022). Uygunluk Değerlendirme Kuruluşlarının Akreditasyonu Prosedürü. https://www.turkak.org.tr/
  • Türk Akreditasyon Kurumu. (2024). Akredite Kuruluş Arama. https://www.turkak.org.tr/
  • Vajda, N., Balla, M., Molnar, Z., & Bodizs, D. (2006). On the way to formal accreditation. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 10(11), 599-602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-005-0068-6
  • Yükseköğretim Kurulu. (2024). Yükseköğretim Bilgi Yönetim Sistemi, Türlerine göre birim sayıları raporu. https://istatistik.yok.gov.tr/
  • Zapata-García, D., Llauradó, M., & Rauret, G. (2007). Experience of implementing ISO 17025 for the accreditation of a university testing laboratory. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 12(6), 317-322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-007-0274-5
  • Zapata-García, D., Llauradó, M., & Rauret, G. (2007). Experience of implementing ISO 17025 for the accreditation of a university testing laboratory. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 12(6), 317-322.

University Research Laboratories’ Accreditation: Key Procedures, Challanges and Suggestions

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: Special Issue, 115 - 127, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.53478/yuksekogretim.1550899

Abstract

It is critical to strengthen the reliability of measurement/data production services, to apply quality principles and culture to diverse infrastructure activities, and to organize research laboratories in universities effectively. The most trustworthy way to guarantee this is for laboratories to be accredited by a quality management system that has been established for the requirements of the ISO/IEC 17025 standard. However, the implementation of the quality management system in research and development institutions is still a very difficult task. There are 208 active universities in our nation as of 2024, of which 129 are state universities, 75 are foundational universities, and 4 are foundation vocational high schools. Only 59 of the laboratories at these universities are accredited by the Turkish Accreditation Agency (TÜRKAK). Examining these authorized laboratories’ scopes demonstrates that the quality management components have been applied to particular scopes. Before starting the accreditation process, the first thing to do is to decide on the scope of accreditation. Completing the infrastructure requirements, determining the methods, providing the standards, defining the quality management system processes and preparing the relevant documents (procedures, instructions, workflows, forms, etc.), completing the personnel training, the device calibrations, providing the necessary traceable standards, the verification and measurement uncertainty studies of the methods, the determination of the internal quality control methods and the initiation of the studies, the participation of the proficiency tests and the obtaining of the results are followed. The quality management system had to have been in use for at least three months prior to submitting the TÜRKAK application, and internal audit and management review meetings had to have taken place. Accreditation of laboratories ensures the avoidance of repeated experiments and, consequently, the reduction of resource waste, the improvement of staff competency, the enhancement of device performances, the continuity and traceability of the system as technical and documentation with internal/external quality control processes. The operation of accredited laboratories within the institution will also help to improve student competences and their understanding of and exposure to quality systems. This study intends to outline the fundamental procedures of TÜRKAK laboratory accreditation, the key issues encountered, and potential solutions for adopting the ISO/IEC 17025:2017 standard in university laboratories.

References

  • Bode, P. (1995). Perspective. Quality management and laboratory accreditation at a university: What can be learned from experience? Analyst, 120(5), 1527-1533.
  • Cammann, K., & Kleiböhmer, W. (2001). Quality in (analytical) R&D–ideas for the next step after EURACHEM/CITAC Guide 2. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 6(2), 72-73.
  • De Nadai Fernandes, E. A., Bacchi, M. A., Tagliaferro, F. S., Gonzaga, C. L., De França, E. J., Favaro, P. C., & De Angelis Fogaça, A. (2006). Quality system implementation in a Brazilian university laboratory. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 10(11), 594-598. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-005-0061-0
  • Grochau, I., Caten, C. S., & Forte, M. M. (2018). Motivations, benefits and challenges on ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation of higher education institution laboratories. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 23, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-018-1317-9
  • Grochau, I. H., Ferreira, C. A., Ferreira, J. Z., & Caten, C. S. (2010). Implementation of a quality management system in university test laboratories: A brief review and new proposals. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 15(12), 681-689.
  • Iacob, E. (2016). Experience of accreditation in a surface science laboratory. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 21(1), 9-17.
  • ILAC (Ed.). (2014). ILAC P9:06/2014 – ILAC Policy for Participation in Proficiency Testing Activities.
  • International Organization for Standardization. (2017). ISO/IEC 17025:2017 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories.
  • Lopes, I., Santos, L., Pereira, M., Vaz, P., & Alves, J. (2014). Implementation of the quality management system at the Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Safety (LPSR) in Portugal. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 19(5), 355-360.
  • Mathur-De Vré, R. (2000). The scope and limitations of a QA system in research. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 5(1), 3-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s007690050001
  • Rodima, A., Vilbaste, M., Saks, O., Jakobson, E., Koort, E., Pihl, V., Sooväli, L., Jalukse, L., Traks, J., Virro, K., Annuk, H., Aruoja, K., Floren, A., Indermitte, E., Jürgenson, M., Kaleva, P., Kepler, K., & Leito, I. (2005). ISO 17025 quality system in a university environment. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 10(7), 369-372. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-005-0011-x
  • Shetty, A., Minal, J., & Shilpa, H. (2023). Chronicle of getting the diagnostic laboratory NABL accredited in a teaching medical institute: An overview of our experience. Biomedicine, 43(6), 1899-1903.
  • Türk Akreditasyon Kurumu. (2022). Uygunluk Değerlendirme Kuruluşlarının Akreditasyonu Prosedürü. https://www.turkak.org.tr/
  • Türk Akreditasyon Kurumu. (2024). Akredite Kuruluş Arama. https://www.turkak.org.tr/
  • Vajda, N., Balla, M., Molnar, Z., & Bodizs, D. (2006). On the way to formal accreditation. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 10(11), 599-602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-005-0068-6
  • Yükseköğretim Kurulu. (2024). Yükseköğretim Bilgi Yönetim Sistemi, Türlerine göre birim sayıları raporu. https://istatistik.yok.gov.tr/
  • Zapata-García, D., Llauradó, M., & Rauret, G. (2007). Experience of implementing ISO 17025 for the accreditation of a university testing laboratory. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 12(6), 317-322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-007-0274-5
  • Zapata-García, D., Llauradó, M., & Rauret, G. (2007). Experience of implementing ISO 17025 for the accreditation of a university testing laboratory. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 12(6), 317-322.
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Quality Assurance in Higher Education
Journal Section Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Gülen Yeşilören Akal 0000-0001-7116-7180

Publication Date June 30, 2025
Submission Date September 16, 2024
Acceptance Date February 18, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 15 Issue: Special Issue

Cite

APA Yeşilören Akal, G. (2025). Üniversite Araştırma Laboratuvarlarının Akreditasyonu: Temel Süreçler, Zorluklar ve Çözüm Önerileri. Yükseköğretim Dergisi, 15(Special Issue), 115-127. https://doi.org/10.53478/yuksekogretim.1550899

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