Türkiye’deki Araştırma ve Aday Araştırma Üniversitelerinin Etkinliği ve Performansı Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 459 - 475, 01.12.2025

Mutlu Önen , Gülşah Karakaya

Abstract

Türkiye’deki araştırma ve aday araştırma üniversitelerinin etkinliklerinin analiz edilmesi, yükseköğretim politikalarının şekillenmesinde ve üniversitelere kaynakların stratejik olarak tahsis edilmesinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Üniversitelerin kaynaklarını ne kadar etkin kullandıkları, onların ulusal ve uluslararası düzeydeki rekabet güçlerini etkilemektedir. Bu kaynakların ne kadar etkin kullanıldığını değerlendirmek amacıyla bu çalışma, veri zarflama analizi (VZA) ile birlikte süper-etkinlik VZA modeli ve Malmquist toplam faktör verimliliği (MTFV) endeksini kullanarak Türkiye’deki araştırma ve aday araştırma üniversitelerinin 2017-2022 yılları arasındaki etkinliğini ölçmeyi hedeflemektedir. Sonrasında, süper-etkinlik VZA modelinden elde edilen etkinlik puanları, Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TÜBİTAK) tarafından açıklanan performans puanlarıyla birlikte etkinlik/performans diyagramı üzerinde analiz edilmektedir. Sonuçlar, doktora mezun ve yayın sayısındaki artışa bağlı olarak en verimli dönemin 2020-2021 olduğunu göstermektedir. Buna ek olarak, 2017-2022 yılları arasında araştırma ve aday araştırma üniversitelerinin verimliliğinin, büyük ölçüde teknolojik gelişmeler ve araştırma ve eğitimdeki ilerlemeler nedeniyle arttığı görülmektedir. Özellikle Sakarya Üniversitesi önümüzdeki yıllarda araştırma üniversitesi olma yolunda güçlü bir aday olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın hem üniversiteler hem de politika yapıcılar açısından bazı önemli sonuçları bulunmaktadır. Çalışmanın ortaya koyduğu bulguları kullanarak üniversiteler, kaynak kullanımında iyileştirmeye açık olan alanları belirleyebilir, politika yapıcılar ise Türkiye’deki araştırma odaklı üniversite ortamının gelişimini teşvik etmek için üniversite bütçelerini stratejik olarak tahsis edebilirler.

Keywords

Araştırma Üniversitesi , Etkinlik , Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği Endeksi , Süper-etkinlik VZA Modeli , Veri Zarflama Analizi

A Study on the Efficiency and Performance of Research and Candidate Research Universities in Türkiye

Abstract

Analyzing the efficiency of research and candidate research universities in Türkiye plays a crucial role in shaping higher education policies and strategically allocating resources to universities. How efficiently universities utilize their resources impacts their competitive power at both national and international levels. To assess the efficiency of resource usage, this study aims to measure the efficiency of research and candidate research universities in Türkiye via data envelopment analysis (DEA) along with the super-efficiency DEA model and the Malmquist total factor productivity (TFP) index between 2017-2022. Subsequently, efficiency scores obtained from the super-efficiency DEA model were analyzed alongside performance scores announced by TÜBİTAK, the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye, on an efficiency/performance diagram. The results show that the most efficient period was 2020-2021, attributed to an increase in the numbers of PhD graduates and publications. Moreover, the productivity of research and candidate research universities increased during 2017-2022 period mostly due to technological improvements and advancements in research and education. Notably, Sakarya University emerged as a strong candidate for becoming a research university in the upcoming years. This study has some important implications for both universities and the government. Utilizing the findings, universities can identify the areas for improvement in resource utilization, while the government can strategically allocate university budgets to foster the development of research-oriented university landscape in Türkiye.

Keywords

Data Envelopment Analysis , Efficiency , Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index , Research University , Super-efficiency DEA Model

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