Soya Yağının Oksidasyonu Üzerine Farklı Faktörlerin Etkilerinin Yanıt Yüzey Yöntemi ile Belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada sıcaklık (30, 50 ve 70 °C), süre (0, 10 ve 20 gün), bakır ve demir iyonu derişimleri (0, 0.15 ve 0.3 mg/kg yağ), ve askorbil palmitatın (AP) (0, 200 ve 400 mg/kg yağ) soya yağının peroksit değeri (PD), malonaldehit (MAD) ve hegzanal (HEX) içerikleri üzerindeki etkileri hızlandırılmış oksidasyon ortamında yanıt yüzey yöntemi (YYY) ile araştırılmıştır. Soya yağının zengin linoleik asit (C18:2) içeriği (%55.81) ile birlikte %8.69 oranında linolenik asite (C18:3) sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Toplam tokoferol içeriği 538.5 mg/kg yağ olarak bulunmuştur. Veriler, sıcaklık ve sürenin yağların PD, MAD ve HEX içeriklerini önemli düzeyde artırdığını göstermektedir (P<0.05). AP’ın peroksitlerin oluşumunu önleyici etkisi önemli bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Bakır içeren örneklerin demir içerenlerle karşılaştırıldığında, daha yüksek PD ve MAD değerleri gösterdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Genel olarak bakır ve demirin oksidasyonu önemli düzeyde etkilemedikleri saptanmıştır (P>0.05). Sıcaklık ve sürenin soya yağının oksidasyonunu etkileyen en önemli etmenler oldukları tespit edilmiştir (P<0.05). YYY, örnek ve analiz sayısının azalması ile birlikte farklı faktörlerin oksidatif parametreler üzerindeki etkilerinin topluca değerlendirilmesine olanak sağlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Soya yağı,Yağ asidi bileşimi,Peroksit değeri,Malonaldehit,Hegzanal,Hegzanal,Yanıt yüzey yöntemi

Evaluation of the Effects of Different Factors on Oxidation of Soybean Oil by Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

In this study, the effects of temperature (30, 50 ve 70 °C), time (0, 10 ve 20 days), concentration of copper and iron ions (0, 0.15 ve 0.3 mg kg^-1 oil) and ascorbyl palmitate (AP) (0, 200 ve 400 mg kg^-1 oil) on peroxide value (PV), malonaldehyde (MAD) and hexanal (HEX) content of soybean oil under accelerated oxidation conditions have been evaluated by response surface method (RSM). Besides of its rich linoleic acid (C18:2) content (55.81%), soybean oil had 8.69% linolenic acid (C18:3). The total tocopherol content of soybean oil was 538.5 mg kg^-1 oil. Data obtained showed that temperature and time significantly increased (P<0.05) PV, MAD and HEX content of the samples. AP significantly decreased the formation of peroxides (P<0.05). Samples with copper showed higher PV and HEX values compared to those with iron. In general, the presence of copper and iron did not significantly (P>0.05) affect the oxidation. It’s concluded that temperature and time were the most important parameters affecting soybean oil oxidation (P<0.05). In addition to the reduced number of experimental runs, RSM provided an overall evaluation of the effects of different factors on oxidation parameters. 

Keywords

• Hexanal,Malonaldehyde,Peroxide value,Soybean oil,Fatty acid composition,Response surface method

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