Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activities of Green Walnuts Harvested at Different Periods on The Lake Van Coast

Year 2019, Volume: 29 Issue: 3, 440 - 449, 30.09.2019

Serdar Uğurlu Emine Okumuş Emre Bakkalbaşı

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.543436

Abstract

Walnut
(Juglans regia L.) is a nut with high
nutritional and economic values. Walnut is commonly used as a functional
ingredient in several traditional food products and as a natural source of
phytochemicals in pharmacy and cosmetics. Walnut harvested in the immature
periods, known as milk walnut, have been used in formulation of some
traditional foods.  In this study,
phenolic composition and antioxidant activities of green walnuts (immature)
harvested from 3 different districts (Van Center, Edremit, and Gevas) around
Lake Van in 4 different periods (1^st June, 15^th June, 30^th
June, and 15^th July) were investigated. The total phenolic content,
DPPH, and ABTS values of green walnuts were 17842.26-6907.83 mg GAE kg^-1,
208.8-49.03 and 208.48-66.97 mmol TE g^-1, respectively. Juglone, gallic acid,
neochlorogenic acid, and rutin common phenolic compounds were determined in
green walnut samples. While the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant
activity were observed in green walnuts harvested on 1^st June, the
highest juglone was determined in samples collected on 30^th June. As
a result, it was determined that green walnut had high antioxidant activity and
phenolic content, especially juglone. The harvesting period considerably affect
the phenolic contents of samples. 

Keywords

Antioxidant activity, Phenolic compound, Juglone, Green walnut

Van Gölü Kıyısında Farklı Dönemlerde Hasat Edilen Yeşil Cevizlerin Fenolik Madde İçerikleri ve Antioksidan Aktiviteleri

Abstract

Ekonomik
değeri yüksek bir ürün olan Cevizin (Juglans
regia L.), özellikle süt cevizi denilen olgunlaşmamış dönemleri özel
fitokimyasalların doğal kaynağı olarak eczacılık ve kozmetikte kullanılmakta,
ayrıca bazı geleneksel gıdaların üretiminde de yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Van Gölü çevresinde 3 farklı ilçeden (Van Merkez, Edremit ve Gevaş), 4 ayrı dönemde (1 Haziran, 15 Haziran, 30
Haziran ve 15 Temmuz) toplanan yeşil cevizlerin fenolik bileşimi ve antioksidan aktiviteleri
araştırılmıştır. Yeşil cevizlerin toplam fenolik madde miktarı, DPPH ve ABTS
analizi sonuçları sırasıyla 6907.83- 17842.26 mg GAE/kg, 49.03-208.8 ve
66.97-208.48 mmol TE/g aralıklarında bulunmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre
yeşil ceviz örneklerinde fenolik bileşiklerden juglon, gallik asit,
neoklorojenik asit ve rutin tespit edilmiştir. Hasat edilen yeşil cevizlerde 1
Haziran döneminde toplam fenolik madde miktarı ile antioksidan aktivite
miktarının en yüksek olduğu saptanırken, en yüksek juglon miktarı 30 Haziran
dönemine ait örneklerde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda yeşil cevizlerin
çalışma dönemi içinde başta juglon olmak üzere yüksek fenolik madde içeriğine
ve antioksidan aktiviteye sahip oldukları ancak bunların cevizlerin hasat
edildiği döneme göre farklılıklar gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. 

Keywords

antioksidan aktivite, fenolik bileşik, juglon, yeşil ceviz

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