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Ekmeklik Buğdayda Optik Sensör ile Azotlu Gübre Tavsiyesi

Year 2021, Volume: 31 Issue: 2, 453 - 465, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.726039

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Eskişehir Geçit Kuşağı Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü arazisinde 2017-2019 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, Hat 30, Mesut, Nacibey ve Reis kışlık ekmeklik buğday çeşitlerinin kuru koşullar altında azot gübrelemesine verdikleri tepkiler, spektral yansımaya dayalı bitki örtüsü indeksleri ve bu indekslerden hesaplanan Mevsimsel Verim Tahminleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Örtü indekslerinin ölçülmesinde Optik sensör (Green Seeker) kullanılmıştır. Denemede Tesadüf Bloklarında Faktöriyel Deneme Deseni ve 6 farklı 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 ve 150 kg/ha azot dozu kullanılmıştır. Vejetasyon indeksleri (NDVI) Zadoks24, Zadoks30, Zadoks31 ve Zadoks32 büyüme dönemlerinde okunmuştur. Zadoks30 (sapa kalkma dönemi) en gerçekçi okuma dönemi olarak bulunmuştur. 3 deneme ortalamasına göre yeni sistemin, ilkbahar (Zadoks30) dönemi uygulamalarında 15 kg/ha daha az azot ile benzer verim değerleri sağladığı ve ümit verici olduğunu görülmüştür. Sensör uygulamasının çiftçi uygulamasından % 5 daha etkin olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Supporting Institution

Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı ve Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğüne

Project Number

TAGEM/TBAD/16/A12/P01/004

Thanks

TÜBİTAK-KAMAG tarafından desteklenen 106G111 nolu proje kapsamında başlatılan çalışma TAGEM/TBAD/16/A12/P01/004'nolu proje kapsamında yapılan araştırma sonuçlarından hazırlanmıştır. Söz konusu projenin Ülkemiz için gerekliliğine inanarak müşteri olan Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı ve Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğüne ve destekleyen TÜBİTAK’a bütün proje ekibi olarak teşekkür ederiz.

References

  • Anonim (2019). Toprak Mahsülleri Ofisi Genel Müdürlüğü. http://www.tmo.gov.tr/Upload/ Document /alim/201/2019alimfiyati.pdf. (Erişim Tarihi:07.04.2020)
  • Ali, A.M., Ibrahim, S. M., &Singh, B. (2020). Wheat grain yield and nitrogen uptake prediction sing at Leaf and GreenSeeker portable optical sensors at jointing growth stage. Information Processing in Agriculture, (In press.) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inpa.2019.09.008 (accessed 1 Nov.2019).
  • Aparicio, N., Villegas, D., Araus, J. L., Casadesús, J.,&Royo, C.(2002). Relationship between growth traits and spectral vegetation indices in durum wheat. Crop Science,42(5),1547–1555. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2002.1547
  • Araus, JI., Bort, J., Ceccarelli, S,&Grando, S.(1997)Relationship between leaf structure and carbon isotope discrimination in field-grown barley. Plant Physiol Bioch 35:533–541
  • Bijay-Singh, Varinderpal-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, Thind, H.S., Ajay-Kumar, Satinderpal-Singh, Choudhary, O. P., Gupta, R. K., &Vashistha, M., (2013). Supplementing Fertilizer Nitrogen Application to Irrigated Wheat at Maximum Tillering Stage Using Chlorophyll Meter and Optical Sensor.Agricultural Research,2(1),81– 89. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003- 013-0053-
  • Bremner, J. M. 1965. Nitrogen Ed.: C.A.Black. In: Method of Soil Analysis. Part: II. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Agronomy Series. No:9.Agron.Inc.Madison. Wisconsin.USA
  • Cekiç, C., Savasli, E., Onder, O., Dayıoglu, R., Gokmen, F., Dursun, N., & S,Gezgin. (2008).4.Ulusal Bitki Besleme ve Gübre Kongresi.8-10 Ekim 2008 Konya.(s. 83).
  • Filella, I., Serrano, L., Serra, J., &Penuelas, J. (1995).Evaluating wheat nitrogen status with canopy reflectance indices and discriminant analysis. Crop Science,35(5),1400–1405. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1995.0011183X003500050023x
  • Franzen, D., Kitchen, N., Holland, K., Schepers, J., & Raun, W. (2016).Algorithms for in-season nutrient management in cereals.Agronomy Journal,108(5),1775–1781. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2016.01.0041
  • Jacob T., Bushong, Jeremiah L. Mullock, D. Brian, Arnal l & Raun, W. R., (2018). Effect of nitrogen fertilizer source on corn (Zea mays L.) optical sensor response index values in a rain-fed environment. Journal Of Plant Nutrıtıon Volume 41,-,Pages:1172-1183,2018
  • Jensen, A., Lorenzen, B., Østergaard, H. S., & Hvelplund, E. K. (1990). Radiometric estimation of biomass and nitrogen content of barley grown at different nitrogen levels. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 11(10), 1809–1820. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431169008955131
  • Ji, R., Ju, M., Wang, Y., Hu, C., Zhang, H., & Shi, W., (2017). In-season yield prediction of cabbage with a hand-held active canopy sensor. Sensors (Switzerland),17(10),1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17102287
  • JMP. 13.0.0 Scintilla-Copyright(C) 1998-2014 by Neil Hodgson;neilh@scintilla.org SAS Institute. JMP 13.0 Users Guide.Carry,NC: Release SAS Institute Inc
  • Kalayci, M., Kaya, F., Aydın, M., Özbek, V., & Atlı, A. (1996). Batı geçit bölgesi koşullarında buǧdayın verim ve dane protein kapsami üzerine azotun Etkisi. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry,20 (SUPPL.1), 49–59.
  • Melaj, M. A., Echeverría, H. E., López, S. C., Studdert, G., Andrade, F., & Bárbaro, N. O. (2003).Timing of Nitrogen Fertilization in Wheat under Conventional and No-Tillage System. Agronomy Journal,95(6),1525–1531.https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj.2003.1525
  • Mullen, R. W., Freeman, K. W., Raun, W. R., Johnson, G. V., Stone, M. L., & Solie, J. B. (2003).Identifying an in-season response index and the potential to increase wheat yield with nitrogen. Agronomy Journal,95(2), 347–351. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2003.0347
  • Ortiz-Monasterio, J. I., & Raun, W. R., 2007. Reduced nitrogen for improved farm income for irrigated spring wheat in the Yaqui Valley, Mexico, using sensor-based nitrogen management. J. Agric. Sci. 145:215–222. DOI:10.1017/S0021859607006995
  • Peñuelas, J., Gamon, J. A., Griffin, K. L., & Field, C. B. (1993). Assessing community type, plant biomass, pigment composition, and photosynthetic efficiency of aquatic vegetation from spectral reflectance. Remote Sensing of Environment,46(2),110–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(93)90088-F
  • Raun, W. R., Solie, J. B., Johnson, G. V., Stone, M. L., Lukina, E. V., Thomason, W. E., & Schepers, J. S. (2001). In-season prediction of potential grain yield in winter wheat using canopy reflectance. Agronomy Journal,93(1),131–138. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2001.931131x
  • Raun, W. R., Solie, J. B., Stone M .L., Martin, K. L. Freeman, K. W. Mullen, R. W., Zhang, H., Schepers, J. S., & Johnson, G. V. (2005).Optical sensor-based algorithm for crop nitrogen fertilization. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,36(19–20),2759–2781. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620500303988
  • Raun, William R, Solie, J. B., Johnson, G. V, Stone, M. L., Mullen, R. W., Freeman, K. W., Thomason, W. E., & Lukina, E. V. (2002). Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cereal Grain Production with Optical Sensing and Variable Rate Application. AGRONOMY JOURNAL,VOL.94(JULY–AUGUST 20),815–820. https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/61ffd66d-4aba-35b4-8049-6712de5191af/
  • Savaşlı, E., Önder, Ö., Çekiç, C., Kalaycı H M., Dayıoğlu, R., Karaduman, K., Gökmen, F., Dursun, N., & Gezgin, S.,(2018). Sulu Şartlarda Ekmeklik Buğdayda Başaklanma Döneminde Yaprak Solüsyon Uygulamasının Tane Protein Kapsamı Üzerine Etkisi. Türk Tarım–Gıda Bil ve Tek.Der.6(1):84-90.
  • Singh, Bijay & Mohamed, Ali., (2020). Using Hand-Held Chlorophyll Meters and Canopy Reflectance Sensors for Fertilizer Nitrogen Management in Cereals in Small Farms in Developing Countries. Sensors. 20.10.3390/s20041127.
  • Stone, M. L., Solie, J. B. Raun, W. R., Whitney, R. W., Taylor, S. L., & Ringer, J. D. (1996). Use of spectral radiance for correcting in-season fertilizer nitrogen deficiencies in winter wheat. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers,39(5),1623–1631. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.27678
  • Teal, R. K., Tubana, B., Girma, K., Freeman, K. W., Arnall, D. B., Walsh, O., & Raun, W. R. (2006). In-season prediction of corn grain yield potential using normalized difference vegetation index. Agronomy Journal,98(6),1488–1494. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2006.0103
  • Weisz, R., Crozier, C. R., & Heiniger, R. W., (2001).Optimizing nitrogen application timing in no-till soft red winter wheat. Agronomy Journal,93(2),435–442. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2001.932435x
  • Westfall, D. G., Havlin, J. L., Hergert, G. W., & Raun, W. R. (1996). Nitrogen management in dryland cropping systems. Journal of Production Agriculture,9(2),192–199. https://doi.org/10.2134/jpa1996.0192
  • Walsh, O., S., Shafian, S., & Christiaens, R. J. (2018). Evaluation of Sensor-Based Nitrogen Rates and Sources in Wheat. International Journal of Agronomy,2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5670479
  • Zadoks, J. C., Chang T. T., & Konzak, C. F., 1974. A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Research, Volume14:415

Nitrogen Fertilizer Recommendation with Optical Sensor for Bread Wheat Varieties

Year 2021, Volume: 31 Issue: 2, 453 - 465, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.726039

Abstract

This study was conducted at Transitional Zone Agricultural Research Institute in Eskisehir, in 2017-2019 growing seasons. In the study, responses of four winter wheat cultivars (Hat30, Mesut, Nacibey and Reis) to nitrogen fertilization under rainfed conditions were compared with vegetation indices based on spectral reflection and In- Season Estimates of Yield calculated from these indices. Optical -held sensor (Green Seeker) was used for this purpose. The experimental layout were used 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg N/ha nitrogen rates 2 factor factorial in randomized complete block design in the experiment. Vegetation indices (NDVI) were obtained at growth stages Zadoks24, Zadoks30, Zadoks31 and Zadoks32. Zadoks30 (stem elongation) was found to be the most realistic reading time. Based on the average of 3 experiment fields, the new system resulted in the similar yields with that of 15 kg/ha less nitrogen in the spring (Zadoks30) season, promising to be input saving and profitable. The sensor application was found to be 5% more effective than that of farmer application. 

Project Number

TAGEM/TBAD/16/A12/P01/004

References

  • Anonim (2019). Toprak Mahsülleri Ofisi Genel Müdürlüğü. http://www.tmo.gov.tr/Upload/ Document /alim/201/2019alimfiyati.pdf. (Erişim Tarihi:07.04.2020)
  • Ali, A.M., Ibrahim, S. M., &Singh, B. (2020). Wheat grain yield and nitrogen uptake prediction sing at Leaf and GreenSeeker portable optical sensors at jointing growth stage. Information Processing in Agriculture, (In press.) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inpa.2019.09.008 (accessed 1 Nov.2019).
  • Aparicio, N., Villegas, D., Araus, J. L., Casadesús, J.,&Royo, C.(2002). Relationship between growth traits and spectral vegetation indices in durum wheat. Crop Science,42(5),1547–1555. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2002.1547
  • Araus, JI., Bort, J., Ceccarelli, S,&Grando, S.(1997)Relationship between leaf structure and carbon isotope discrimination in field-grown barley. Plant Physiol Bioch 35:533–541
  • Bijay-Singh, Varinderpal-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, Thind, H.S., Ajay-Kumar, Satinderpal-Singh, Choudhary, O. P., Gupta, R. K., &Vashistha, M., (2013). Supplementing Fertilizer Nitrogen Application to Irrigated Wheat at Maximum Tillering Stage Using Chlorophyll Meter and Optical Sensor.Agricultural Research,2(1),81– 89. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003- 013-0053-
  • Bremner, J. M. 1965. Nitrogen Ed.: C.A.Black. In: Method of Soil Analysis. Part: II. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Agronomy Series. No:9.Agron.Inc.Madison. Wisconsin.USA
  • Cekiç, C., Savasli, E., Onder, O., Dayıoglu, R., Gokmen, F., Dursun, N., & S,Gezgin. (2008).4.Ulusal Bitki Besleme ve Gübre Kongresi.8-10 Ekim 2008 Konya.(s. 83).
  • Filella, I., Serrano, L., Serra, J., &Penuelas, J. (1995).Evaluating wheat nitrogen status with canopy reflectance indices and discriminant analysis. Crop Science,35(5),1400–1405. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1995.0011183X003500050023x
  • Franzen, D., Kitchen, N., Holland, K., Schepers, J., & Raun, W. (2016).Algorithms for in-season nutrient management in cereals.Agronomy Journal,108(5),1775–1781. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2016.01.0041
  • Jacob T., Bushong, Jeremiah L. Mullock, D. Brian, Arnal l & Raun, W. R., (2018). Effect of nitrogen fertilizer source on corn (Zea mays L.) optical sensor response index values in a rain-fed environment. Journal Of Plant Nutrıtıon Volume 41,-,Pages:1172-1183,2018
  • Jensen, A., Lorenzen, B., Østergaard, H. S., & Hvelplund, E. K. (1990). Radiometric estimation of biomass and nitrogen content of barley grown at different nitrogen levels. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 11(10), 1809–1820. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431169008955131
  • Ji, R., Ju, M., Wang, Y., Hu, C., Zhang, H., & Shi, W., (2017). In-season yield prediction of cabbage with a hand-held active canopy sensor. Sensors (Switzerland),17(10),1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17102287
  • JMP. 13.0.0 Scintilla-Copyright(C) 1998-2014 by Neil Hodgson;neilh@scintilla.org SAS Institute. JMP 13.0 Users Guide.Carry,NC: Release SAS Institute Inc
  • Kalayci, M., Kaya, F., Aydın, M., Özbek, V., & Atlı, A. (1996). Batı geçit bölgesi koşullarında buǧdayın verim ve dane protein kapsami üzerine azotun Etkisi. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry,20 (SUPPL.1), 49–59.
  • Melaj, M. A., Echeverría, H. E., López, S. C., Studdert, G., Andrade, F., & Bárbaro, N. O. (2003).Timing of Nitrogen Fertilization in Wheat under Conventional and No-Tillage System. Agronomy Journal,95(6),1525–1531.https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj.2003.1525
  • Mullen, R. W., Freeman, K. W., Raun, W. R., Johnson, G. V., Stone, M. L., & Solie, J. B. (2003).Identifying an in-season response index and the potential to increase wheat yield with nitrogen. Agronomy Journal,95(2), 347–351. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2003.0347
  • Ortiz-Monasterio, J. I., & Raun, W. R., 2007. Reduced nitrogen for improved farm income for irrigated spring wheat in the Yaqui Valley, Mexico, using sensor-based nitrogen management. J. Agric. Sci. 145:215–222. DOI:10.1017/S0021859607006995
  • Peñuelas, J., Gamon, J. A., Griffin, K. L., & Field, C. B. (1993). Assessing community type, plant biomass, pigment composition, and photosynthetic efficiency of aquatic vegetation from spectral reflectance. Remote Sensing of Environment,46(2),110–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(93)90088-F
  • Raun, W. R., Solie, J. B., Johnson, G. V., Stone, M. L., Lukina, E. V., Thomason, W. E., & Schepers, J. S. (2001). In-season prediction of potential grain yield in winter wheat using canopy reflectance. Agronomy Journal,93(1),131–138. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2001.931131x
  • Raun, W. R., Solie, J. B., Stone M .L., Martin, K. L. Freeman, K. W. Mullen, R. W., Zhang, H., Schepers, J. S., & Johnson, G. V. (2005).Optical sensor-based algorithm for crop nitrogen fertilization. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,36(19–20),2759–2781. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620500303988
  • Raun, William R, Solie, J. B., Johnson, G. V, Stone, M. L., Mullen, R. W., Freeman, K. W., Thomason, W. E., & Lukina, E. V. (2002). Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cereal Grain Production with Optical Sensing and Variable Rate Application. AGRONOMY JOURNAL,VOL.94(JULY–AUGUST 20),815–820. https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/61ffd66d-4aba-35b4-8049-6712de5191af/
  • Savaşlı, E., Önder, Ö., Çekiç, C., Kalaycı H M., Dayıoğlu, R., Karaduman, K., Gökmen, F., Dursun, N., & Gezgin, S.,(2018). Sulu Şartlarda Ekmeklik Buğdayda Başaklanma Döneminde Yaprak Solüsyon Uygulamasının Tane Protein Kapsamı Üzerine Etkisi. Türk Tarım–Gıda Bil ve Tek.Der.6(1):84-90.
  • Singh, Bijay & Mohamed, Ali., (2020). Using Hand-Held Chlorophyll Meters and Canopy Reflectance Sensors for Fertilizer Nitrogen Management in Cereals in Small Farms in Developing Countries. Sensors. 20.10.3390/s20041127.
  • Stone, M. L., Solie, J. B. Raun, W. R., Whitney, R. W., Taylor, S. L., & Ringer, J. D. (1996). Use of spectral radiance for correcting in-season fertilizer nitrogen deficiencies in winter wheat. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers,39(5),1623–1631. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.27678
  • Teal, R. K., Tubana, B., Girma, K., Freeman, K. W., Arnall, D. B., Walsh, O., & Raun, W. R. (2006). In-season prediction of corn grain yield potential using normalized difference vegetation index. Agronomy Journal,98(6),1488–1494. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2006.0103
  • Weisz, R., Crozier, C. R., & Heiniger, R. W., (2001).Optimizing nitrogen application timing in no-till soft red winter wheat. Agronomy Journal,93(2),435–442. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2001.932435x
  • Westfall, D. G., Havlin, J. L., Hergert, G. W., & Raun, W. R. (1996). Nitrogen management in dryland cropping systems. Journal of Production Agriculture,9(2),192–199. https://doi.org/10.2134/jpa1996.0192
  • Walsh, O., S., Shafian, S., & Christiaens, R. J. (2018). Evaluation of Sensor-Based Nitrogen Rates and Sources in Wheat. International Journal of Agronomy,2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5670479
  • Zadoks, J. C., Chang T. T., & Konzak, C. F., 1974. A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Research, Volume14:415
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Soil Sciences and Ecology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Erdinc Savaslı 0000-0001-5326-4710

Oğuz Önder 0000-0002-8184-1316

Ramis Dayıoğlu 0000-0002-7134-4965

Didem Özen 0000-0002-2495-0516

Yaşar Karaduman 0000-0003-1306-3572

Suat Özdemir 0000-0002-5089-807X

Özgür Ateş 0000-0002-9345-417X

Melih Özsayın 0000-0002-0332-0734

Project Number TAGEM/TBAD/16/A12/P01/004
Publication Date June 30, 2021
Acceptance Date February 22, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 31 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Savaslı, E., Önder, O., Dayıoğlu, R., Özen, D., et al. (2021). Ekmeklik Buğdayda Optik Sensör ile Azotlu Gübre Tavsiyesi. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 31(2), 453-465. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.726039
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Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of Agricultural Sciences by Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Agriculture is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.