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1990’dan 2014’e kadar dünyada ekonomik kriz zamanlarında sağlık politikası tercihleri ve alınan önlemler: Teorik bir inceleme

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 43 - 51, 31.03.2019

Öz

Bu çalışma, 1990’dan 2014 yılına kadar dünyada ekonomik kriz zamanlarında ülkelerin sağlık politikası ile ilgili
tercihlerinin neler olduklarını ve ekonomik krizlerin sağlığa olası olumsuz etkilerini önlemede ne gibi tedbirler aldıklarını
ortaya koymak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, teorik ve ampirik çalışmalar incelenmiş ve hükümetlerin
ekonomik kriz zamanlarında sağlık politikası tercihleri ve aldıkları önlemler etkileriyle birlikte değerlendirilmiştir.
Çalışma sonucunda, ülkelerin, çoğunlukla bir arada olmak üzere, daraltıcı ve genişletici olmak üzere iki tür politika
araçları uyguladıkları görülmüştür. Yine çalışma sonucunda ekonomik krizlerin sağlığa etkilerinde, hangi politika
türünün (daraltıcı veya genişletici) baskın olduğunun önemli bir faktör olduğu ve genişletici politikaların baskın olması
durumunda krizlerin sağlığa olası olumsuz etkilerinin önemli ölçüde azaltıldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, J. E. (2011). Public Policymaking. 7th ed. Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
  • Barros, P. P. (2012). Health Policy Reform in Tough Times: The Case of Portugal. Health Policy, 106, 17-22.
  • Belvis, A. A., Ferre, F. Specchia, M. L. Valerio, L., Fattore, G. and Ricciardi, W. (2012). The Financial Crisis in Italy: Implicaitons for The Healthcare Sector. Health Policy, 106, 10-16.
  • Borowy, I. (2011). Similar but Different: Health and Economic Crisis in 1990s Cuba and Russia. Social Science and Medicine, 72, 1489-1498.
  • Borowy, I. (2013). Degrowth and Public Health in Cuba: Lessons from The Past? Journal of Cleaner Production, 38, 17-26.
  • Chaffee, M. W., Mason, D. J. and Lewitt, J. K. (2014). A Framework for Action in Policy and Politics’. In Mason, D. J., Lewitt, J. K. and Chaffee, M. (Ed.). Policy and Politics in Nursing and Health Care - Revised reprint. 6th ed. Newyork: Elseiver Sciences.
  • Doctors of World. (2014). Access to Healthcare in Europe in Time of Crisis and Rising Xenophobia: An Overview of The Situation of People Excluded from Healthcare Systems. https://www.medicosdelmundo.org/index.php/mod.documentos/mem.descargar/fichero.documentos_MdM_Report_access_healthcare_times_crisis_and_rising_xenophobia_edcfd8a3%232E%23pdf Erişim Tarihi: 21.02.2015.
  • Ebner, Y. (2010). The Impact of The Economic Crisis on Health Inequalities. Backround Paper for AER Conference on Health Inequalities. http://aer-www.ameos.net/fileadmin/user_upload/Commissions/HealthSocial/EventsAndMeetings/2010/Brussels_Fall/FINAL-Healthinequaltities.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 17.04.2014.
  • ECDC (European Center for Disaease Prrevention and Control). (2013). Health Inequalities, The Financial Crisis, and Infectious Disaese in Europe. Technical Report. http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/publications/health_inequalities_financial_crisis.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 21.02.2015.
  • EPHA (European Public Health Alliance). (2014). Briefing Notes on The Financial and Economic Crisis: EPHA Facts and Figures – The Impact of The Crisis on Health.
  • EUROFOUND (European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions). (2014). Access to Healthcare in Times of Crisis. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
  • Gallo, P. and Gene-Badia, J. (2013). Cuts Drive Health Systems Reforms in Spain. Health Policy, 113, 1–7.
  • HOPE (European Hospital and Healthcare Federation). (2011). The Crisis, Hospitals and Health Care. European Hospital and Healthcare Federation.
  • HPC (Healthy Public Policy). (2011) Social Environments and Health. Concept Paper. Edmonton: Alberta Health Services.
  • Ifanti, A. A., Argyriou, A. A., Kalofonou, F. H. and Kalofonos, H. P. (2013). Financial Crisis and Austerity Measures in Greece: Their Impact on Health Promotion Policies and Public Health Care. Health Policy, 113, 8–12.
  • Karanikolos, M., Mladovsky, P., Cylus, J., Thomson, S., Basu, S., Stuckler, D., Mackenbach, J. P. and McKee, M. (2013). Financial Crisis, Austerity, and Health in Europe. Lancet, 381, 1323–1331.
  • Kastanioti, C., Kontodimopoulos, N., Stasinopoulos, D., Kapetaneas, N. and Polyzos, N. (2013). Public Procurement of Health Technologies in Greece in An Era of Economic Crisis. Health Policy, 109, 7-13.
  • Kentikelenis, A., Karanikolos, M., Papanicolas, I., Basu, S., McKee, M. and Stuckler, D. (2011). Health Effects of Financial Crisis: Omens of A Greek Tragedy. Lancet, 378, 1457-1458.
  • Kentikelenis, A., Karanikolos, M., Reeves, A., McKee, M. and Stuckler, D. (2014). Greece’s Health Crisis: From Austerity to Denialism. Lancet, 383, 748–753.
  • Kondilis, E., Giannakopoulos, S., Gavana, M., Ierodakonou, I. Waitzkin, H. and Benos, A. (2013).
  • Economic Crisis, Restrictive Policies, and The Population’s Health and Health Care: The Greek Case. Public Health Ethics, 7, 1-8.
  • KPGM (KPGM International Cooperative). (2012). Acute or Chronic: The Impact of Economic Crisis on Healthcare and Health. KPGM Issue Monitor 9.
  • Kwon, S. (2000). Economic Crisis and Social Policy Reform in Korea. International Journal of Social Welfare, 10, 1-10.
  • Labonte, R. (2009). The Global Financial Crisis and Health: Scaling Up Our Effort. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 100(3), 173-75.
  • Li, C., Lan, Y. and Hong, J. (2013). The Impact of Global Financial Crisis on Health Status in The Chinese Mainland. Scientific Research Chinese Studies, 2(3), 144-148.
  • Longest, B. B. (1998). Health Policy Making in The United States. 2nd ed. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
  • MBCMR (Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research). (2000a). The Impact of The Asian Financial Crisis on The Health Sector in The Philippines. Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research.
  • MBCMR. (2000b). Effects of The Financial Crisis on The Health Sector in Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR).
  • MBCMR. (2000c). The Impact of The Asian Financial Crisis on The Health Sector in Vietnam.
  • MBCMR. (2000d). The Impact of The Asian Financial Crisis on The Health Sector in Tayland.
  • McKee, M. (2013). The Financial Crisis in The EU: Its Impact on The Health Sector. http://www.ose.be/files/midi_OSE/McKee_2013_Slides_OSENIHDISession_040213.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 21.02.2014.
  • Menabde, N. (2009). Health Policy in Times of Crisis: Challenge and Opportunity. HPM Spotlight. http://www.hpm.org/Downloads/HPM_SPOTLIGHTS/HPM_Spotlight_hp_in_times_of_crisis_Dec_09.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 21.02.2014.
  • Mladovsky, P., Srivastava, D., Cylus, J., Karanikolos, M., Evetovits, T., Thomson, S. and McKee, M. (2012a). Health Policy in The Financial Crisis. EORUHEALTH, 18(1), 3-6.
  • Mladovsky, P., Srivastava, D., Cylus, J., Karanikolos, M., Evetovits, T., Thomson, S. and McKee, M. (2012b). Health Policy Responses to The Financial Crisis in Europe. Policy Summary 5. World Health Organization and European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies.
  • Modrek, S., Stuckler, D., McKee, M., Cullen, M. R. and Basu, S. (2013). A Review of Health Consequences of Recessions Internationally and A Dynthesis of The US Response during The Great Recession. Public Health Reviews, 35(1), 1-33.
  • Musgrove, P. (1997). Economic Crisis and Health Policy Response. In Tapinos, G., Mason, A.and Bravo, J. (Ed.). Demographic Responses to Economic Adjustment in Latin America. International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, Lille.
  • Musgrove, P. (2004). Health Economics in Development. World Bank Health, Nutrition and Population Series. Washington D.C.: World Bank.
  • Patric, D. L. and Erickson, P. (1993). Health Status and Policy: Quality of Life in Health Care Evaluation and Resource Allocation. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Portela, C. and Thomas, S. (2013). Impact of The Economic Crisis on Healthcare Resources: An Eurpoean Approach. International Journal of Healthcare Management, DOI: 10.1179/2047971913Y.0000000038.
  • Ramesh, M. (2009). Economic Crisis ve Its Social Impacts: Lessons from The 1997 Asian Economic Crisis. Global Social Policy, 9, 79-99.
  • Simms, C. and Rowson, M. (2003). Reassessment of Health Effects of The Indonesian Economic Crisis: Donors versus The Data. Lancet, 361, 1382-1385.
  • Simou, E. and Koutsogeorgou, E. (2014). Effects of The Economic Crisis on Health and Healthcare in Greece in The Literature from 2009 to 2013: A Systematic Review. Health Policy, 115, 111–119.
  • Starke, P., Kaasch, A. and Van Hooren, F. (2012). Comparing Social Policy Responses to Global Economic Crises: Constrained Partisanship in Mature Welfare States. Paper to be Presented at ESPAnet Annual Conference. Edinburgh, 6-8 September 2012.
  • Stuckler, D., Basu, S., Suhrcke, M. and McKee, M. (2009). The Health Implications of Financial Arises: A Review of The Evidence. Ulster Med J, 78(3), 142-145.
  • Suci, E. (2006) Child Access to Health Services during The Economic Crisis: An Indonesian Experience of The Safety Net Program. Social Science & Medicine, 63, 2912-2925.
  • Suhrcke, M. and Stuckler, D. (2012). Will The Recession be Bad for Our Health? It Depends. Social Science & Medicine, 74, 647-653.
  • Thomas, S., Keegan, C., Barry, S., Layte, R., Jowett, M., Portela, C. and Normand, C. (2012). Resilience of The Irish Health System: Surviving and Utilising The Economic Contraction. Year 1 Report of The Rresilience Project. Health Research Board.
  • Thomas, S., Keegan, C., Barry, S., Layte, R., Jowett, M. and Normand, C. (2013) A Framework for Assessing Health System Resilience in An Economic Crisis: Ireland as A Test Case. BMC Health Services Research, 13:450.
  • Thomson, S., Figueras, J., Evetovits, T., Jowett, M., Mladovsky, P., Maresco, A., Cylus, C., Karanikolos, M. and Kloge, H. (2014). Economic Crisis, Health Systems and Health in Europe: Impact and Implications for Policy. Policy Summary 12. World Health Organization and European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies.
  • Timo, C., Kai, M., Matt, C., Pascal, G., Barrie, D. and Helmut, B. (2014). The European Hospital Reforms in Time of Crisis: Aligning Cost Containment Needs with Plans for Structural Redesign? Health Policy, 1-30.

Health policy choices and countermeaures taken in times of economic crisis from 1994 to 2014 in the world: A theoretical review

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 43 - 51, 31.03.2019

Öz

This study is carried out in order to show what the health policy preferences and of the countries in times of
economic crisis from 1990 to 2014 in the world are, and what countermeaures are taken to prevent the possible
adverse effects on health. In this context, theoretical and empirical studies have been examined and the health
policy preferences of the governments and, countermeasures taken by governments during times of economic
crisis have been evaluated together with the effects of these actions. As a result of the study, it has been seen that
countries apply two types of policy instruments, mostly usually in combination: contractionary and expansionary.
Again, from the result of the study, it is concluded that which type of policy (the contractionary or expansionary)
is predominant is an important factor in the effects of economic crisis on health, and that the potential adverse
effects of crises are significantly reduced if the expansionary policies are predominant.

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, J. E. (2011). Public Policymaking. 7th ed. Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
  • Barros, P. P. (2012). Health Policy Reform in Tough Times: The Case of Portugal. Health Policy, 106, 17-22.
  • Belvis, A. A., Ferre, F. Specchia, M. L. Valerio, L., Fattore, G. and Ricciardi, W. (2012). The Financial Crisis in Italy: Implicaitons for The Healthcare Sector. Health Policy, 106, 10-16.
  • Borowy, I. (2011). Similar but Different: Health and Economic Crisis in 1990s Cuba and Russia. Social Science and Medicine, 72, 1489-1498.
  • Borowy, I. (2013). Degrowth and Public Health in Cuba: Lessons from The Past? Journal of Cleaner Production, 38, 17-26.
  • Chaffee, M. W., Mason, D. J. and Lewitt, J. K. (2014). A Framework for Action in Policy and Politics’. In Mason, D. J., Lewitt, J. K. and Chaffee, M. (Ed.). Policy and Politics in Nursing and Health Care - Revised reprint. 6th ed. Newyork: Elseiver Sciences.
  • Doctors of World. (2014). Access to Healthcare in Europe in Time of Crisis and Rising Xenophobia: An Overview of The Situation of People Excluded from Healthcare Systems. https://www.medicosdelmundo.org/index.php/mod.documentos/mem.descargar/fichero.documentos_MdM_Report_access_healthcare_times_crisis_and_rising_xenophobia_edcfd8a3%232E%23pdf Erişim Tarihi: 21.02.2015.
  • Ebner, Y. (2010). The Impact of The Economic Crisis on Health Inequalities. Backround Paper for AER Conference on Health Inequalities. http://aer-www.ameos.net/fileadmin/user_upload/Commissions/HealthSocial/EventsAndMeetings/2010/Brussels_Fall/FINAL-Healthinequaltities.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 17.04.2014.
  • ECDC (European Center for Disaease Prrevention and Control). (2013). Health Inequalities, The Financial Crisis, and Infectious Disaese in Europe. Technical Report. http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/publications/health_inequalities_financial_crisis.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 21.02.2015.
  • EPHA (European Public Health Alliance). (2014). Briefing Notes on The Financial and Economic Crisis: EPHA Facts and Figures – The Impact of The Crisis on Health.
  • EUROFOUND (European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions). (2014). Access to Healthcare in Times of Crisis. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
  • Gallo, P. and Gene-Badia, J. (2013). Cuts Drive Health Systems Reforms in Spain. Health Policy, 113, 1–7.
  • HOPE (European Hospital and Healthcare Federation). (2011). The Crisis, Hospitals and Health Care. European Hospital and Healthcare Federation.
  • HPC (Healthy Public Policy). (2011) Social Environments and Health. Concept Paper. Edmonton: Alberta Health Services.
  • Ifanti, A. A., Argyriou, A. A., Kalofonou, F. H. and Kalofonos, H. P. (2013). Financial Crisis and Austerity Measures in Greece: Their Impact on Health Promotion Policies and Public Health Care. Health Policy, 113, 8–12.
  • Karanikolos, M., Mladovsky, P., Cylus, J., Thomson, S., Basu, S., Stuckler, D., Mackenbach, J. P. and McKee, M. (2013). Financial Crisis, Austerity, and Health in Europe. Lancet, 381, 1323–1331.
  • Kastanioti, C., Kontodimopoulos, N., Stasinopoulos, D., Kapetaneas, N. and Polyzos, N. (2013). Public Procurement of Health Technologies in Greece in An Era of Economic Crisis. Health Policy, 109, 7-13.
  • Kentikelenis, A., Karanikolos, M., Papanicolas, I., Basu, S., McKee, M. and Stuckler, D. (2011). Health Effects of Financial Crisis: Omens of A Greek Tragedy. Lancet, 378, 1457-1458.
  • Kentikelenis, A., Karanikolos, M., Reeves, A., McKee, M. and Stuckler, D. (2014). Greece’s Health Crisis: From Austerity to Denialism. Lancet, 383, 748–753.
  • Kondilis, E., Giannakopoulos, S., Gavana, M., Ierodakonou, I. Waitzkin, H. and Benos, A. (2013).
  • Economic Crisis, Restrictive Policies, and The Population’s Health and Health Care: The Greek Case. Public Health Ethics, 7, 1-8.
  • KPGM (KPGM International Cooperative). (2012). Acute or Chronic: The Impact of Economic Crisis on Healthcare and Health. KPGM Issue Monitor 9.
  • Kwon, S. (2000). Economic Crisis and Social Policy Reform in Korea. International Journal of Social Welfare, 10, 1-10.
  • Labonte, R. (2009). The Global Financial Crisis and Health: Scaling Up Our Effort. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 100(3), 173-75.
  • Li, C., Lan, Y. and Hong, J. (2013). The Impact of Global Financial Crisis on Health Status in The Chinese Mainland. Scientific Research Chinese Studies, 2(3), 144-148.
  • Longest, B. B. (1998). Health Policy Making in The United States. 2nd ed. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
  • MBCMR (Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research). (2000a). The Impact of The Asian Financial Crisis on The Health Sector in The Philippines. Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research.
  • MBCMR. (2000b). Effects of The Financial Crisis on The Health Sector in Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR).
  • MBCMR. (2000c). The Impact of The Asian Financial Crisis on The Health Sector in Vietnam.
  • MBCMR. (2000d). The Impact of The Asian Financial Crisis on The Health Sector in Tayland.
  • McKee, M. (2013). The Financial Crisis in The EU: Its Impact on The Health Sector. http://www.ose.be/files/midi_OSE/McKee_2013_Slides_OSENIHDISession_040213.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 21.02.2014.
  • Menabde, N. (2009). Health Policy in Times of Crisis: Challenge and Opportunity. HPM Spotlight. http://www.hpm.org/Downloads/HPM_SPOTLIGHTS/HPM_Spotlight_hp_in_times_of_crisis_Dec_09.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 21.02.2014.
  • Mladovsky, P., Srivastava, D., Cylus, J., Karanikolos, M., Evetovits, T., Thomson, S. and McKee, M. (2012a). Health Policy in The Financial Crisis. EORUHEALTH, 18(1), 3-6.
  • Mladovsky, P., Srivastava, D., Cylus, J., Karanikolos, M., Evetovits, T., Thomson, S. and McKee, M. (2012b). Health Policy Responses to The Financial Crisis in Europe. Policy Summary 5. World Health Organization and European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies.
  • Modrek, S., Stuckler, D., McKee, M., Cullen, M. R. and Basu, S. (2013). A Review of Health Consequences of Recessions Internationally and A Dynthesis of The US Response during The Great Recession. Public Health Reviews, 35(1), 1-33.
  • Musgrove, P. (1997). Economic Crisis and Health Policy Response. In Tapinos, G., Mason, A.and Bravo, J. (Ed.). Demographic Responses to Economic Adjustment in Latin America. International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, Lille.
  • Musgrove, P. (2004). Health Economics in Development. World Bank Health, Nutrition and Population Series. Washington D.C.: World Bank.
  • Patric, D. L. and Erickson, P. (1993). Health Status and Policy: Quality of Life in Health Care Evaluation and Resource Allocation. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Portela, C. and Thomas, S. (2013). Impact of The Economic Crisis on Healthcare Resources: An Eurpoean Approach. International Journal of Healthcare Management, DOI: 10.1179/2047971913Y.0000000038.
  • Ramesh, M. (2009). Economic Crisis ve Its Social Impacts: Lessons from The 1997 Asian Economic Crisis. Global Social Policy, 9, 79-99.
  • Simms, C. and Rowson, M. (2003). Reassessment of Health Effects of The Indonesian Economic Crisis: Donors versus The Data. Lancet, 361, 1382-1385.
  • Simou, E. and Koutsogeorgou, E. (2014). Effects of The Economic Crisis on Health and Healthcare in Greece in The Literature from 2009 to 2013: A Systematic Review. Health Policy, 115, 111–119.
  • Starke, P., Kaasch, A. and Van Hooren, F. (2012). Comparing Social Policy Responses to Global Economic Crises: Constrained Partisanship in Mature Welfare States. Paper to be Presented at ESPAnet Annual Conference. Edinburgh, 6-8 September 2012.
  • Stuckler, D., Basu, S., Suhrcke, M. and McKee, M. (2009). The Health Implications of Financial Arises: A Review of The Evidence. Ulster Med J, 78(3), 142-145.
  • Suci, E. (2006) Child Access to Health Services during The Economic Crisis: An Indonesian Experience of The Safety Net Program. Social Science & Medicine, 63, 2912-2925.
  • Suhrcke, M. and Stuckler, D. (2012). Will The Recession be Bad for Our Health? It Depends. Social Science & Medicine, 74, 647-653.
  • Thomas, S., Keegan, C., Barry, S., Layte, R., Jowett, M., Portela, C. and Normand, C. (2012). Resilience of The Irish Health System: Surviving and Utilising The Economic Contraction. Year 1 Report of The Rresilience Project. Health Research Board.
  • Thomas, S., Keegan, C., Barry, S., Layte, R., Jowett, M. and Normand, C. (2013) A Framework for Assessing Health System Resilience in An Economic Crisis: Ireland as A Test Case. BMC Health Services Research, 13:450.
  • Thomson, S., Figueras, J., Evetovits, T., Jowett, M., Mladovsky, P., Maresco, A., Cylus, C., Karanikolos, M. and Kloge, H. (2014). Economic Crisis, Health Systems and Health in Europe: Impact and Implications for Policy. Policy Summary 12. World Health Organization and European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies.
  • Timo, C., Kai, M., Matt, C., Pascal, G., Barrie, D. and Helmut, B. (2014). The European Hospital Reforms in Time of Crisis: Aligning Cost Containment Needs with Plans for Structural Redesign? Health Policy, 1-30.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Ümit Çıraklı

Hasan Hüseyin Yıldırım Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2019
Kabul Tarihi 4 Ocak 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Çıraklı, Ü., & Yıldırım, H. H. (2019). 1990’dan 2014’e kadar dünyada ekonomik kriz zamanlarında sağlık politikası tercihleri ve alınan önlemler: Teorik bir inceleme. Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi, 6(1), 43-51.
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