Hungary’s Policy of Eastern Opening and The Turkic World: Between Brussels and Steppe

Abstract

Hungary’s Eastern Opening Policy, initiated under Viktor Orbán’s leadership in 2010, has been particularly directed towards the Turkic world through the Organization of Turkic States. This article examines how Hungary has used historical narratives based on its Hun-Turkic origins to legitimize its foreign policy and how it balances its European integration with its relations with the Turkic world. The analysis, conducted within a constructivist framework, addresses the role of identity, pragmatism, and social creativity in this process and reveals that Hungary’s efforts to enhance its international status pose risks in its relations with the EU. In order to address the research question, public opinion data from the Quora.com site were organized and analyzed using MAXQDA 20, a computer-assisted qualitative data analysis program, to uncover the underlying reasons for Hungary’s rapprochement with the Organization of Turkic States.

Keywords

• Hungary
• European Union
• Eastern Opening
• Turkey
• Central Asia

Macaristan’ın Doğu Açılımı Politikası ve Türk Dünyası: Brüksel ve Bozkır Arasında

Öz

2010’da Viktor Orbán yönetiminde başlatılan Macaristan’ın Doğuya Açılım Politikası, özellikle Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı (TDT) aracılığıyla Türk dünyasına yönelmiştir. Bu makale, Macaristan’ın Hun-Türk kökenine dayalı tarih anlatılarını dış politikasını meşrulaştırmak için nasıl kullandığını ve Avrupa entegrasyonu ile Türk dünyasıyla ilişkilerini nasıl dengelediğini incelemektedir. Konstrüktivist çerçevede yürütülen analiz, kimlik, pragmatizm ve sosyal yaratıcılığın bu süreçteki rolünü ele almakta ve Macaristan’ın uluslararası statüsünü artırma çabalarının AB ile ilişkilerde risk taşıdığını ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında araştırma sorusunu ele almak için Quora.com sitesinde yer alan kamuoyu fikirleri veri olarak düzenlenmiş ve bilgisayar destekli bir nitel analiz programı olan MAXQDA 20 kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve Macaristan’ın TDT’ye yakınlaşmasının altında yatan nedenleri ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Macaristan
• Avrupa Birliği
• Doğu Açılımı
• Türkiye
• Orta Asya

Kaynakça

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