Avrupa’da Yükselen Aşırı Sağ, Yeni ‘Öteki’ler ve Türkiye’nin AB Üyeliği

Öz

Makalede ilk olarak aşırı sağ partilerin Avrupa’da yükseliş nedenleri, Batı Avrupa’da aşırı sağ partilerin göçmenleri özellikle de Müslüman göçmenleri “öteki”leştirmesi tartışılacak, ikinci olarak Avusturya’da aşırı sağ partilerin federal parlamento seçimlerine yansıyan gücü, özellikle Avusturya Özgürlük Partisi FPÖ ’nün parti programı ve söylemi üzerinde durulacak, buna karşılık Almanya’da aşırı sağ partilerin özellikle Alman Ulusal Demokrat Partisi NPD ’nin daha çok yerel düzeydeki gücü ve parti programı incelenecektir. FPÖ ve NPD’nin parti programlarında özellikle göçmenlere, ulusal kimliklerine, Avrupa kimliğine ve Avrupa Birliği AB ’ye bakış açıları incelenecektir. Avusturya’da popülist aşırı sağ partilerin federal düzeydeki gücü ile Almanya’da aşırı sağın daha çok yerel düzeyde etkili oluşu, aşırı sağ hareketlerin ve göçmenlere karşı şiddet eylemlerinin yaygın oluşu karşılaştırılacaktır. Üçüncü olarak Türk göçmenlerin yoğun olduğu Almanya ve Avusturya gibi ülkelerde aşırı sağ söylemde özellikle Müslüman göçmenlerin ötekileştirilmesi ve Türkiye’nin AB üyeliğine karşı söylem tartışılacak, son olarak da Avrupa’da aşırı sağın yükselişinin Avrupa’nın geleceğine ve Türkiye’nin AB üyeliği sürecine etkileri tartışılacaktır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aşırı Sağ
• Göçmenler
• Avusturya
• Almanya
• Avrupa Birliği
• Türkiye.

The Rise of Far Right in Europe, New ‘Othering’ of Immigrants and Turkey’s EU Membership

Abstract

In this article firstly the reasons of the rise of far right in Europe, in Western Europe “othering” of immigrants especially Muslim immigrants will be discussed. Secondly, the rise of the far-right parties in Austria which can be seen at federal parliament elections, the party programme of Freedom Party of Austria FPÖ anddiscourse of its leaders and the strength of far-right at local level in Germany and especially the party programme of National Democrat Party NPD will be analysed. In the party programmes of FPÖ and NPD, especially their perceptions about immigrants, national identities, European identity and European Union EU will be examined. The strength of populist far right parties at federal level in Austria will be compared with the influence of far right at local level in Germany, far right movements and violent attacks against immigrants will be compared. Thirdly, in countries such as Germany and Austria which have high number of Turkish immigrants othering of Muslim immigrants by far right and discourse against Turkey’s membership to the EU will be discussed and finally, the influence of the rise of far right in Europe on the future of Europe and Turkey’s accession process to the EU will be analysed

Keywords

• Far right
• Immigrants
• Austria
• Germany
• European Union
• Turkey.

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