Harmonisation and Uniformization of Company Law in the European Union and Concept of European Company

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2, 557 - 596, 17.01.2020

Murat Sümer

https://doi.org/10.32450/aacd.676560

Cited By: 2

Öz

Harmonisation of company law in the European Union (“the EU”), which was started in the mid-1960s, has gained a new dimension with the realisation of the European type company forms in the beginning of 2000s. There are currently three new forms: (i) Societas Europaea a public company form, (ii) Societas Cooperativa Europea a cooperative form and (iii) European Economic Interest Grouping an ordinary partnership. Societas Unius Personae, a single-member limited liability company form, is also next in line. This study aims to analyse the process of harmonization efforts in the field of company law in the EU. It will also attempt to emphasize, especially through putting an emphasis on European type company forms, the importance of positive integration on the establishment of internal market integration.

Anahtar Kelimeler

EU Company Law, European Company, positive integration in the EU, internal market

AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ’NDE ŞİRKETLER HUKUKU ALANINDA YAPILAN UYUMLAŞTIRMA ÇALIŞMALARI VE AVRUPA TİPİ ŞİRKET FORMLARI

Öz

Avrupa Birliği’nde (“AB”) 1960’ların ortalarında başlayan şirketler hukuku alanındaki uyumlaştırma çalışmaları 2000’li yılların başından itibaren Avrupa tipi şirket formlarının hayata geçirilmesiyle yeni bir boyut kazanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, hâlihazırda, Avrupa Şirketi (Societas Europaea) ve Avrupa Kooperatif Şirketi (Societas Cooperativa Europea) olmak üzere iki çeşit Avrupa tipi şirket formu ve bir çeşit adi şirket formu olan Avrupa Ekonomik Çıkar Gruplaşmaları (European Economic Interest Grouping) ile birlikte toplam üç adet yeni form bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca, yakın gelecekte tek hissedarlı bir limited şirket formu olan “Societas Unius Personae” formunun da oluşturulması beklenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, AB’de şirketler hukuku alanındaki uyumlaştırma çalışmalarının oluşum ve gelişim süreçlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, özellikle Avrupa tipi şirket formları üzerinde durularak, AB’de şirketler hukuku alanında yapılan pozitif bütünleşme çalışmalarının iç pazar bütünleşmesinin sağlanmasındaki önemi vurgulanmaya çalışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

AB Şirketler Hukuku, Avrupa Şirketi, AB'de pozitif bütünleşme, iç pazar

Kaynakça

• Andenas, Mads ve Wooldbridge, Frank. European Comparative Company Law. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
• Armour, John ve Ringe, Wolf-Georg. “European company law 1999–2010: Renaissance and crisis.” Common Market Law Review 48, no 1 (2011): 125–174.
• Barnard, Catherine. The Substantive Law of the EU. 5. Baskı. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.
• Craig, Paul ve Gráinne De Búrca. EU Law: Texts, Cases and Materials. 6. Baskı. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.
• De Bruycker, Johan. “EC Company Law-The European Company v. The European Economic Interest Grouping and the Harmonızatıon of the Natıonal Company Laws” Georgia Journal of Internatıonal and Comparatıve Law 21, no 2 (1991): 191-216.
• De Luca, Nicola. European Company Law: Text, Cases and Materials. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.
• Dumitru, Ovidiu Ioan. “The European company, perspectives after Brexit” Juridical Tribune 7, no 2 (2017): 134-146.
• Enriques, Luca. “EC Company Law Directives and Regulations: How Trivial Are They?” University of Pensylvania Journal of International Law 27, no 1 (2006): 1-79.
• Enriques, Luca. “A Harmonized European Company Law: Are We There Already?” International and Comparative Law Quarterly 66, no 3 (2017): 763-777.
• Gelter, Martin. “EU Company Law Harmonization Between Convergence and Varieties of Capitalism.” Law Working Paper No. 355/2017, European Corporate Governence Institute, 2017.
• Ghetti, Riccardo. “Unification, Harmonisation and Competition in European Company Forms.” European Busıness Law Review 29, no 5 (2018): 813-842.
• Göçmen, İlke. Avrupa Birliği Maddi Hukuku: İç Pazar. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları, 2017.
• Göçmen, İlke. “Avrupa Birliği: Tarihçe, Teoriler, Kurumlar ve Politikalar.” İçinde İç Pazar, editörler Belgin Akçay ve İlke Göçmen, 383-406. 3. Baskı. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları, 2016.
• Grundmann, Stefan. European Company Law - Organization, Finance and Capital Markets. 2. Baskı. Cambridge: Intersentia, 2012.
• Ibanez, Irene Escuin. “Law Applicable to the European Cooperative Society: Special Reference to the European Cooperative Established in Spain.” European Company and Financial Law Review 8, no 1 (2011): 30-46.
• Ioakimidis, Apostolos. “The Statute of the European Cooperative Society.” Columbia Journal of European Law 14, no 1 (2007): 189-199.
• Jung, Stefanie. “Societas Unius Personae (SUP) – The New Corporate Element in Company Groups.” European Business Law Review 26, no 5 (2015): 645-692.
• Kindler, Peter. The Single-Member Limited Liability Company (SUP): A Necessary Reform of EU Law on Business Organizations? Munich: Verlag C. H. Beck oHG, 2016.
• Maletic, Isidora. The Law and Policy of Harmonisation in Europe's Internal Market. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, 2013.
• Meiselles, Michala. “The European Economic Interest Grouiping – A Chance for Multinationals?” European Business Law Review 26, no 3 (2015): 391-415.
• Meiselles, Michala ve Graute, Marta. “The Societas Europaea (SE) – Time to start over? Capturing the Zeitgeist of the 21st Century.” European Business Law Review 28, no 5 (2017): 667-688.
• Mtwebana, Katja Fuchs. “The Regulation of Companies’ Capital in the European Union: What is the Current State of Affairs?” European Business Law Review 22, no 2 (2012): 237–260.
• Rammeloo, Stephan. “The 2015 Proposal for an EU Directive on the Societas Unius Personae (SUP): Another Attempt to Square the Circle?” The Dovenschmidt Quarterly no 2 (2015): 54-63.
• Roelofs, Erwin R.. “Cross-Border Division of SEs.” European Company Law 7, no 4 (2010): 142–148.
• Sasso, Lorenzo. “Societas Europaea: between Harmonization and Regulatory Competition.” European Company Law 4, no 4 (2007): 159–167.
• Schütze, Robert. An Introduction to European Law. 2. Baskı. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015.
• Siems, Mathias M.. “The impact of the European Company (SE) on Legal Culture.” European Law Review 30, no 3 (2005): 431-442.
• Sjåfjell, Beate. “If Not Now, Then When?: European Company Law in a Sustainability Development Perspective.” European Company Law 7, no 5 (2010): 187–194.
• Steiner, Josephine ve Lorna Woods. EU Law. 10. Baskı. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
• Weatherill, Stephen. The Internal Market as a Legal Concept. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.
• Weiss, Friedl ve Clemens Kaupa. European Union Internal Market Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014.
• Werlauff, Erik. The Law of the European Company. Copenhagen: DJOF Publishing, 2003.
• Wymeersch, Eddy. “Company Law in Europe and European Company Law.” Financial Law Institute, Working Paper No. 2001-06 (2001), erişim 2 Ağustos 2018, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=273876