Bariyatrik Cerrahi ve Uzun Dönem Beslenme Sorunları

Öz

Bariyatrik cerrahi; obez bireylerde, vücut ağırlık kaybı, obezite ile ilişkili eşlik eden hastalıkların ve mortalitenin azaltılması ve yaşam kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi nedeniyle oldukça etkili bir tedavi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Tüm bariyatrik prosedürler, değişken derecelerde, gastrointestinal sistemin anatomisini ve fizyolojisini değiştirir; bu değişiklikler hastaları, anemi, osteoporoz, protein malnutrisyonu gibi hastalıkların oluşmasına yol açabilecek makro ve mikro besin maddelerinin eksikliklerine karşı daha duyarlı hale getirir. Çoğu obez hastanın ameliyattan önce bir takım beslenme yetersizlikleri bulunmaktadır. Bu sebeple operasyon öncesi hastalar tam bir beslenme değerlendirmesine tabi tutulmalı ve operasyon öncesi var olan bu yetersizlikler düzeltilmelidir. Bariyatrik cerrahi ile ilişkili beslenme komplikasyonları, hastanın ihtiyaçlarına göre multivitaminlerin ve mineral takviyelerinin uygulanmasıyla yaşam boyu beslenme izlenmesi ile önlenebilir. Bu çalışmada bariyatrik cerrahi sonrası meydana gelen uzun dönem komplikasyonlar hakkında literatür bilgisi derlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bariyatrik cerrahi
• Besin yetersizlikleri
• Obezite

Bariatric Surgery and Long-Term Nutrition Problems

Öz

Bariatric surgery is considered to be a highly effective treatment in obese individuals, as it reduces weight loss, obesity-related concomitant diseases and mortality, and improves the quality of life. All Bariatric procedures alter, to varying degrees, the anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal tract; These changes make patients more susceptible to deficiencies in macro and micronutrients that can lead to diseases such as anemia, osteoporosis, protein malnutrition. Most obese patients have some nutritional deficiencies before surgery. For this reason, patients should be subjected to a full nutritional assessment before the operation and these deficiencies that exist before the operation should be corrected. Nutritional complications associated with bariatric surgery can be prevented by lifelong nutrition monitoring by administering multivitamins and mineral supplements according to the patient's needs. In this study, literature about long-term complications occurring after bariatric surgery is compiled.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bariatric surgery
• Nutrient deficiency
• Obesity

Kaynakça

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