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The effect of Thymus vulgaris essential oil on the formation of Candida albicans biofilm on denture base materials: An in vitro study

Yıl 2024, , 97 - 105, 30.08.2024
https://doi.org/10.30569/adiyamansaglik.1457922

Öz

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the antifungal properties of Thymus vulgaris (thyme) essential oil (TVEO) on Candida albicans-infested polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base materials and identify the volatile components of T. vulgaris essential oil.
Materials and Methods: The investigation involved establishing C. albicans's presence on resin surfaces manufactured in 1x1x0.1 cm size. The resin surfaces on which the C. albicans biofilm had formed were then soaked in a 2% and 5% solution of TVEO and the effect on the amount of C. albicans colonisation were evaluated. The volatile components of TVEO were determined using the GC-MS method.
Results: Solutions prepared from 2% and 5% TVEO showed better antifungal activity than Corega. The major components detected by GC-MS in the TVEO were carvone 61.36%, linalool 8.32%.
Conclusion: TVEO, showed significant antifungal effects on PMMA resin surfaces. This oil can, therefore, be recommended as an inexpensive, uncomplicated and efficient natural cleaning agent for those wearing dentures.

Etik Beyan

There was no data obtained from animal or human experiments for this article.

Destekleyen Kurum

The authors received no financial support for the research.

Teşekkür

We would like to thank Prof. Dr. Özlem Barış for the laboratory facilities.

Kaynakça

  • Freitas-Fernandes FS, Cavalcanti YW, Ricomini Filho AP, Silva WJ, Del Bel Cury AA, Bertolini MM. Effect of daily use of an enzymatic denture cleanser on Candida albicans biofilms formed on polyamide and poly(methyl methacrylate) resins: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent. 2014;112(6):1349-1355. doi:10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.07.004
  • Pellizzaro D, Polyzois G, Machado AL, Giampaolo ET, Sanitá PV, Vergani CE. Effectiveness of mechanical brushing with different denture cleansing agents in reducing in vitro Candida albicans biofilm viability. Brazilian Dent J. 2012;23:547-554. doi:10.1590/S0103-64402012000500013
  • Li L, Finnegan M, Özkan S. et al. In vitro study of biofilm formation and effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment on various dental material surfaces. Mol Oral Microbiol. 2010;25(6):384-390. doi:10.1111/j.2041-1014.2010.00586.x
  • Coco B, Bagg J, Cross L, Jose A, Cross J, Ramage G. Mixed Candida albicans and Candida glabrata populations associated with the pathogenesis of denture stomatitis. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 2008;23(5):377-383. doi:10.1111/j.1399-302X.2008.00439.x
  • Baillie GS, Douglas LJ. Effect of growth rate on resistance of Candida albicans biofilms to antifungal agents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998;42(8):1900-1905. doi:10.1128/aac.42.8.1900
  • Işeri U, Uludamar A, Ozkan YK. Effectiveness of different cleaning agents on the adherence of Candida albicans to acrylic denture base resin. Gerodontology. 2011;28(4):271-276. doi:10.1111/j.1741-2358.2010.00379.x
  • Tuncdemir AR, Uğur AR, Özdemir B, Kahraman KT. Antimicrobial activity of different solutions on denture base materials. J Pediatr Infect Dis. 2018;13(04):308-312. doi:10.1055/s-0038-1667020
  • Sagsoz NP, Yanıkoglu N, Ulu H, Bayındır F. Color changes of polyamid and polymetyhl methacrylate denture base materials. Open J Stomatol. 2014;4(10):489. doi:10.4236/ojst.2014.410066
  • Ulu H, Yanikoglu N, Sagsoz N, Ozdogan A. Water sorption of polymethylmethacrylate and polyamide materials: A comparative study. Int J Prosthodont Endod. 2021;11(1):22-26. doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10019-1305
  • Güven L, Behbudbayli U, Ertürk A. et al. Determination of antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase, antityrosinase, antidiabetic and antiglaucoma activities of essential oils from three different Thymus species and their chemical characterization by GC-MS analysis. J Essent Oil-Bear Plants. 2023;26(6):1424-1446. doi:10.1080/0972060X.2023.2288276
  • Vale-Silva LA, Goncalves MJ, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L, Pinto E. Antifungal activity of the essential oil of Thymus x viciosoi against Candida, Cryptococcus, Aspergillus and dermatophyte species. Planta Med. 2010;76(09):882-888. doi:10.1055/s-0029-1240799
  • Rahal JS, Mesquita MF, Henriques GEP, Nóbilo MAA. Surface roughness of acrylic resins submitted to mechanical and chemical polishing. J Oral Rehabil. 2004;31(11):1075-1079. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2842.2004.01344.x
  • Hayran Y, Sarikaya I, Aydin A, Tekin YH. Determination of the effective anticandidal concentration of denture cleanser tablets on some denture base resins. J Appl Oral Sci. 2018;26 doi:10.1590/1678-7757-2017-0077
  • Sağsöz Polat N, Orhan F, Barış Ö. Protez kaide materyaline Candida albicans tutulumunda protez temizleyici ajan konsantrasyonu ve uygulama süresinin etkisi (Turkish). Selcuk Dent J. 2023;10(1):36-39. doi:10.15311/selcukdentj.1108883
  • Bulad K, Taylor RL, Verran J, McCord JF. Colonization and penetration of denture soft lining materials by Candida albicans. Dent Mater J. 2004;20(2):167-175. doi:10.1016/S0109-5641(03)00088-5
  • Küçük M, Güleç C, Yaşar A. et al. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Teucrium chamaedrys subsp. chamaedrys, T. orientale var. puberulens, and T. chamaedrys subsp. lydium. Pharm Biol. 2006;44(8):592-599. doi:10.1080/13880200600896868
  • Sardi JCO, Scorzoni L, Bernardi T, Fusco-Almeida AM, Mendes Giannini MJS. Candida species: current epidemiology, pathogenicity, biofilm formation, natural antifungal products and new therapeutic options. J Med Microbiol. 2013;62(1):10-24. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.045054-0
  • Jafri H, Ahmad I. Thymus vulgaris essential oil and thymol inhibit biofilms and interact synergistically with antifungal drugs against drug resistant strains of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. J Mycol Med. 2020;30(1):100911. doi:10.1016/j.mycmed.2019.100911
  • Baj T, Biernasiuk A, Wróbel R, Malm A. Chemical composition and in vitro activity of Origanum vulgare L., Satureja hortensis L., Thymus serpyllum L. and Thymus vulgaris L. essential oils towards oral isolates of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Open Chem. 2020;18(1):108-118. doi:10.1515/chem-2020-0011
  • Roudbary M, Alimohammadi A, Tavallaei MR, Zarimeidani R, Nikoomanesh F. Antifungal activity of Thymus kotschyanus extract: An in vitro study on the expression of CDR1 and CDR2 genes in clinical isolates of Candida albicans. J Herb Med. 2023;38:100644. doi:10.1016/j.hermed.2023.100644
  • Ribeiro R, Fernandes L, Costa R. et al. Comparing the effect of Thymus spp. essential oils on Candida auris. Ind Crops Prod. 2022;178:114667. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.114667
  • Essid R, Gharbi D, Abid G. et al. Combined effect of Thymus capitatus and Cinnamomum verum essential oils with conventional drugs against Candida albicans biofilm formation and elucidation of the molecular mechanism of action. Ind Crops Prod. 2019;140:111720. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111720
  • Pinto E, Gonçalves MJ, Hrimpeng K. et al. Antifungal activity of the essential oil of Thymus villosus subsp. lusitanicus against Candida, Cryptococcus, Aspergillus and dermatophyte species. Ind Crops Prod 2013;51:93-99. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.08.033
  • Ksouri S, Djebir S, Bentorki AA, Gouri A, Hadef Y, Benakhla A. Antifungal activity of essential oils extract from Origanum floribundum Munby, Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Thymus ciliatus Desf. against Candida albicans isolated from bovine clinical mastitis. J Mycol Med. 2017;27(2):245-249. doi:10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.03.004
  • Aslan R, Taşkın Kafa AH, Hasbek M, Çelik C. Evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial effect of different essential oils. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg. 2021;78(4):525-534. doi:10.5505/TurkHijyen.2021.87864
  • Karpiński TM, Ożarowski M, Seremak-Mrozikiewicz A, Wolski H. Anti-candida and antibiofilm activity of selected lamiaceae essential oils. Front Biosci 2023;28(2). doi:10.31083/j.fbl2802028
  • Abers M, Schroeder S, Goelz L. et al. Antimicrobial activity of the volatile substances from essential oils. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2021;21(1):124. doi:10.1186/s12906-021-03285-3
  • Fani M, Kohanteb J. In vitro antimicrobial activity of Thymus vulgaris essential oil against Major oral pathogens. J Evid Based Complement Altern Med. 2017;22(4):660-666. doi:10.1177/2156587217700772
  • Kavianirad F, Bahador N, Naseri N, Baherimoghadam T, Safaeian R. The antifungal effect of Thymus vulgaris on isolated Candida albicans from the surface of removable orthodontic appliances. Herb Med J. 2019:55-64. doi:10.22087/hmj.v4i2.718
  • Khan MA, Dhaded S, Joshi S. Commercial and plant extract denture cleansers in prevention of Candida albicans growth on soft denture reliner: In vitro study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016;10(2):Zc42-5. doi:10.7860/jcdr/2016/12558.7228
  • Corticchiato M, Tomi F, François Bernardini A, Casanova J. Composition and infraspecific variability of essential oil from Thymus herba barona Lois. Biochem Syst Ecol. 1998;26(8):915-932. doi:10.1016/S0305-1978(98)00041-6
  • Aksit H, Bayar Y, Simsek S, Ulutas Y. Chemical composition and antifungal activities of the essential oils of Thymus species (Thymus pectinatus, Thymus convolutus, Thymus vulgaris) against plant pathogens. J Essent Oil-Bear Plants. 2022;25(1):200-207. doi:10.1080/0972060X.2022.2043189
  • Ćavar S, Vidic D, Maksimović M. Volatile constituents, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity of Calamintha glandulosa (Req.) Bentham. J Sci Food Agric. 2013;93(7):1758-1764. doi:10.1002/jsfa.5967
  • Khoury M, Stien D, Eparvier V, Ouaini N, El Beyrouthy M. Report on the medicinal use of eleven Lamiaceae species in lebanon and rationalization of their antimicrobial potential by examination of the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of their essential oils. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2016;2016:2547169. doi:10.1155/2016/2547169
  • Pina LTS, Serafini MR, Oliveira MA, Sampaio LA, Guimarães JO, Guimarães AG. Carvone and its pharmacological activities: A systematic review. Phytochem. 2022;196:113080. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.113080
  • Moro IJ, Gondo GDGA, Pierri EG. et al. Evaluation of antimicrobial, cytotoxic and chemopreventive activities of carvone and its derivatives. Braz J Pharm Sci. 2018;53(4):e00076. doi:10.1590/s2175-97902017000400076
  • Hsu C-C, Lai W-L, Chuang K-C, Lee M-H, Tsai Y-C. The inhibitory activity of linalool against the filamentous growth and biofilm formation in Candida albicans. Med Mycol. 2013;51(5):473-482. doi:10.3109/13693786.2012.743051
  • Braga PC, Culici M, Alfieri M, Dal Sasso M. Thymol inhibits Candida albicans biofilm formation and mature biofilm. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2008;31(5):472-477. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.12.013
  • Swetha TK, Vikraman A, Nithya C, Hari Prasath N, Pandian SK. Synergistic antimicrobial combination of carvacrol and thymol impairs single and mixed-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Biofouling. 2020;36(10):1256-1271. doi:10.1080/08927014.2020.1869949
  • Coimbra FCT, Rocha MM, Oliveira VC. et al. Antimicrobial activity of effervescent denture tablets on multispecies biofilms. Gerodontology. 2021;38(1):87-94. doi:10.1111/ger.12500
  • Sağsöz NP, Aydıner SF, Duymuş ZY. The effect of tea tree oil as a denture cleanser on the surface roughness of an acrylic resin. Curr Res Dent Sci. 2024;33(4):226-230. doi:10.5152/CRDS.2023.22073

Thymus vulgaris esansiyel yağının protez kaide materyalleri üzerinde Candida albicans biyofilm oluşumuna etkisi: İn vitro bir çalışma

Yıl 2024, , 97 - 105, 30.08.2024
https://doi.org/10.30569/adiyamansaglik.1457922

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Candida albicans tutulumu sağlanmış polimetil metakrilat (PMMA) protez kaide materyallerine Thymus vulgaris (kekik) esansiyel yağının (TVEO) antifungal etkisini değerlendirmek ve TVEO’nun uçucu bileşenlerini belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada ilk olarak 1x1x0,1 cm boyutunda hazırlanan rezin yüzeylerine C. albicans tutulumu sağlandı. Daha sonra rezin yüzeyleri, TVEO’dan hazırlanan %2 ve %5 oranındaki solüsyonunda bekletilerek C. albicans kolonizasyonundaki değişiklik değerlendirildi. TVEO’nun uçucu bileşenleri GC-MS yöntemi ile belirlendi.
Bulgular: TVEO’dan %2 ve %5 oranında hazırlanan solüsyonlar Corega’ya göre daha iyi antifungal aktivite gösterdi. TVEO’da GC-MS ile tespit edilen majör bileşenler carvone %61,36, linalol %8,32.
Sonuç: TVEO, PMMA rezin yüzeylerinde etkili antifungal aktivite gösterdi. Protez kullanıcıları için alternatif, ucuz, basit ve etkili bir doğal temizleyici olarak önerilebilir.

Kaynakça

  • Freitas-Fernandes FS, Cavalcanti YW, Ricomini Filho AP, Silva WJ, Del Bel Cury AA, Bertolini MM. Effect of daily use of an enzymatic denture cleanser on Candida albicans biofilms formed on polyamide and poly(methyl methacrylate) resins: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent. 2014;112(6):1349-1355. doi:10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.07.004
  • Pellizzaro D, Polyzois G, Machado AL, Giampaolo ET, Sanitá PV, Vergani CE. Effectiveness of mechanical brushing with different denture cleansing agents in reducing in vitro Candida albicans biofilm viability. Brazilian Dent J. 2012;23:547-554. doi:10.1590/S0103-64402012000500013
  • Li L, Finnegan M, Özkan S. et al. In vitro study of biofilm formation and effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment on various dental material surfaces. Mol Oral Microbiol. 2010;25(6):384-390. doi:10.1111/j.2041-1014.2010.00586.x
  • Coco B, Bagg J, Cross L, Jose A, Cross J, Ramage G. Mixed Candida albicans and Candida glabrata populations associated with the pathogenesis of denture stomatitis. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 2008;23(5):377-383. doi:10.1111/j.1399-302X.2008.00439.x
  • Baillie GS, Douglas LJ. Effect of growth rate on resistance of Candida albicans biofilms to antifungal agents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998;42(8):1900-1905. doi:10.1128/aac.42.8.1900
  • Işeri U, Uludamar A, Ozkan YK. Effectiveness of different cleaning agents on the adherence of Candida albicans to acrylic denture base resin. Gerodontology. 2011;28(4):271-276. doi:10.1111/j.1741-2358.2010.00379.x
  • Tuncdemir AR, Uğur AR, Özdemir B, Kahraman KT. Antimicrobial activity of different solutions on denture base materials. J Pediatr Infect Dis. 2018;13(04):308-312. doi:10.1055/s-0038-1667020
  • Sagsoz NP, Yanıkoglu N, Ulu H, Bayındır F. Color changes of polyamid and polymetyhl methacrylate denture base materials. Open J Stomatol. 2014;4(10):489. doi:10.4236/ojst.2014.410066
  • Ulu H, Yanikoglu N, Sagsoz N, Ozdogan A. Water sorption of polymethylmethacrylate and polyamide materials: A comparative study. Int J Prosthodont Endod. 2021;11(1):22-26. doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10019-1305
  • Güven L, Behbudbayli U, Ertürk A. et al. Determination of antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase, antityrosinase, antidiabetic and antiglaucoma activities of essential oils from three different Thymus species and their chemical characterization by GC-MS analysis. J Essent Oil-Bear Plants. 2023;26(6):1424-1446. doi:10.1080/0972060X.2023.2288276
  • Vale-Silva LA, Goncalves MJ, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L, Pinto E. Antifungal activity of the essential oil of Thymus x viciosoi against Candida, Cryptococcus, Aspergillus and dermatophyte species. Planta Med. 2010;76(09):882-888. doi:10.1055/s-0029-1240799
  • Rahal JS, Mesquita MF, Henriques GEP, Nóbilo MAA. Surface roughness of acrylic resins submitted to mechanical and chemical polishing. J Oral Rehabil. 2004;31(11):1075-1079. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2842.2004.01344.x
  • Hayran Y, Sarikaya I, Aydin A, Tekin YH. Determination of the effective anticandidal concentration of denture cleanser tablets on some denture base resins. J Appl Oral Sci. 2018;26 doi:10.1590/1678-7757-2017-0077
  • Sağsöz Polat N, Orhan F, Barış Ö. Protez kaide materyaline Candida albicans tutulumunda protez temizleyici ajan konsantrasyonu ve uygulama süresinin etkisi (Turkish). Selcuk Dent J. 2023;10(1):36-39. doi:10.15311/selcukdentj.1108883
  • Bulad K, Taylor RL, Verran J, McCord JF. Colonization and penetration of denture soft lining materials by Candida albicans. Dent Mater J. 2004;20(2):167-175. doi:10.1016/S0109-5641(03)00088-5
  • Küçük M, Güleç C, Yaşar A. et al. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Teucrium chamaedrys subsp. chamaedrys, T. orientale var. puberulens, and T. chamaedrys subsp. lydium. Pharm Biol. 2006;44(8):592-599. doi:10.1080/13880200600896868
  • Sardi JCO, Scorzoni L, Bernardi T, Fusco-Almeida AM, Mendes Giannini MJS. Candida species: current epidemiology, pathogenicity, biofilm formation, natural antifungal products and new therapeutic options. J Med Microbiol. 2013;62(1):10-24. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.045054-0
  • Jafri H, Ahmad I. Thymus vulgaris essential oil and thymol inhibit biofilms and interact synergistically with antifungal drugs against drug resistant strains of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. J Mycol Med. 2020;30(1):100911. doi:10.1016/j.mycmed.2019.100911
  • Baj T, Biernasiuk A, Wróbel R, Malm A. Chemical composition and in vitro activity of Origanum vulgare L., Satureja hortensis L., Thymus serpyllum L. and Thymus vulgaris L. essential oils towards oral isolates of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Open Chem. 2020;18(1):108-118. doi:10.1515/chem-2020-0011
  • Roudbary M, Alimohammadi A, Tavallaei MR, Zarimeidani R, Nikoomanesh F. Antifungal activity of Thymus kotschyanus extract: An in vitro study on the expression of CDR1 and CDR2 genes in clinical isolates of Candida albicans. J Herb Med. 2023;38:100644. doi:10.1016/j.hermed.2023.100644
  • Ribeiro R, Fernandes L, Costa R. et al. Comparing the effect of Thymus spp. essential oils on Candida auris. Ind Crops Prod. 2022;178:114667. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.114667
  • Essid R, Gharbi D, Abid G. et al. Combined effect of Thymus capitatus and Cinnamomum verum essential oils with conventional drugs against Candida albicans biofilm formation and elucidation of the molecular mechanism of action. Ind Crops Prod. 2019;140:111720. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111720
  • Pinto E, Gonçalves MJ, Hrimpeng K. et al. Antifungal activity of the essential oil of Thymus villosus subsp. lusitanicus against Candida, Cryptococcus, Aspergillus and dermatophyte species. Ind Crops Prod 2013;51:93-99. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.08.033
  • Ksouri S, Djebir S, Bentorki AA, Gouri A, Hadef Y, Benakhla A. Antifungal activity of essential oils extract from Origanum floribundum Munby, Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Thymus ciliatus Desf. against Candida albicans isolated from bovine clinical mastitis. J Mycol Med. 2017;27(2):245-249. doi:10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.03.004
  • Aslan R, Taşkın Kafa AH, Hasbek M, Çelik C. Evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial effect of different essential oils. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg. 2021;78(4):525-534. doi:10.5505/TurkHijyen.2021.87864
  • Karpiński TM, Ożarowski M, Seremak-Mrozikiewicz A, Wolski H. Anti-candida and antibiofilm activity of selected lamiaceae essential oils. Front Biosci 2023;28(2). doi:10.31083/j.fbl2802028
  • Abers M, Schroeder S, Goelz L. et al. Antimicrobial activity of the volatile substances from essential oils. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2021;21(1):124. doi:10.1186/s12906-021-03285-3
  • Fani M, Kohanteb J. In vitro antimicrobial activity of Thymus vulgaris essential oil against Major oral pathogens. J Evid Based Complement Altern Med. 2017;22(4):660-666. doi:10.1177/2156587217700772
  • Kavianirad F, Bahador N, Naseri N, Baherimoghadam T, Safaeian R. The antifungal effect of Thymus vulgaris on isolated Candida albicans from the surface of removable orthodontic appliances. Herb Med J. 2019:55-64. doi:10.22087/hmj.v4i2.718
  • Khan MA, Dhaded S, Joshi S. Commercial and plant extract denture cleansers in prevention of Candida albicans growth on soft denture reliner: In vitro study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016;10(2):Zc42-5. doi:10.7860/jcdr/2016/12558.7228
  • Corticchiato M, Tomi F, François Bernardini A, Casanova J. Composition and infraspecific variability of essential oil from Thymus herba barona Lois. Biochem Syst Ecol. 1998;26(8):915-932. doi:10.1016/S0305-1978(98)00041-6
  • Aksit H, Bayar Y, Simsek S, Ulutas Y. Chemical composition and antifungal activities of the essential oils of Thymus species (Thymus pectinatus, Thymus convolutus, Thymus vulgaris) against plant pathogens. J Essent Oil-Bear Plants. 2022;25(1):200-207. doi:10.1080/0972060X.2022.2043189
  • Ćavar S, Vidic D, Maksimović M. Volatile constituents, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity of Calamintha glandulosa (Req.) Bentham. J Sci Food Agric. 2013;93(7):1758-1764. doi:10.1002/jsfa.5967
  • Khoury M, Stien D, Eparvier V, Ouaini N, El Beyrouthy M. Report on the medicinal use of eleven Lamiaceae species in lebanon and rationalization of their antimicrobial potential by examination of the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of their essential oils. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2016;2016:2547169. doi:10.1155/2016/2547169
  • Pina LTS, Serafini MR, Oliveira MA, Sampaio LA, Guimarães JO, Guimarães AG. Carvone and its pharmacological activities: A systematic review. Phytochem. 2022;196:113080. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.113080
  • Moro IJ, Gondo GDGA, Pierri EG. et al. Evaluation of antimicrobial, cytotoxic and chemopreventive activities of carvone and its derivatives. Braz J Pharm Sci. 2018;53(4):e00076. doi:10.1590/s2175-97902017000400076
  • Hsu C-C, Lai W-L, Chuang K-C, Lee M-H, Tsai Y-C. The inhibitory activity of linalool against the filamentous growth and biofilm formation in Candida albicans. Med Mycol. 2013;51(5):473-482. doi:10.3109/13693786.2012.743051
  • Braga PC, Culici M, Alfieri M, Dal Sasso M. Thymol inhibits Candida albicans biofilm formation and mature biofilm. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2008;31(5):472-477. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.12.013
  • Swetha TK, Vikraman A, Nithya C, Hari Prasath N, Pandian SK. Synergistic antimicrobial combination of carvacrol and thymol impairs single and mixed-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Biofouling. 2020;36(10):1256-1271. doi:10.1080/08927014.2020.1869949
  • Coimbra FCT, Rocha MM, Oliveira VC. et al. Antimicrobial activity of effervescent denture tablets on multispecies biofilms. Gerodontology. 2021;38(1):87-94. doi:10.1111/ger.12500
  • Sağsöz NP, Aydıner SF, Duymuş ZY. The effect of tea tree oil as a denture cleanser on the surface roughness of an acrylic resin. Curr Res Dent Sci. 2024;33(4):226-230. doi:10.5152/CRDS.2023.22073
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Protez, Tıbbi Mikoloji, Geleneksel, Tamamlayıcı ve Bütünleştirici Tıp (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Leyla Güven 0000-0002-3189-6415

Nurdan Polat Sağsöz 0000-0001-7439-4039

Figen Orhan 0000-0002-1839-3434

Neslihan Macit Kavaz 0009-0003-8740-9043

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 19 Ağustos 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Ağustos 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Mart 2024
Kabul Tarihi 14 Haziran 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

AMA Güven L, Polat Sağsöz N, Orhan F, Macit Kavaz N. The effect of Thymus vulgaris essential oil on the formation of Candida albicans biofilm on denture base materials: An in vitro study. ADYÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Derg. Ağustos 2024;10(2):97-105. doi:10.30569/adiyamansaglik.1457922