Araştırma Makalesi
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An investigation COVID-19 related knowledge, attitude, depression, anxiety, and stress levels of pregnant women

Yıl 2021, , 80 - 93, 23.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.30569/adiyamansaglik.816066

Öz

Aim: The aim of the study was to examine pregnant women’s COVID-19-related knowledge and attitudes, and their levels of depression, anxiety, and stress.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive study. Data were collected online between May 28, 2020 and June 20, 2020 from 348 pregnant women using the Questionnaire Form and the Depression Stress and Anxiety Scale Turkish Short Form.
Results: The median age of pregnant women was 26 (18-43) years. The median COVID-19 knowledge score of pregnant women was 84 (52-96). In the study, 83.9% of the pregnant women worried that “COVID-19 infection would transmit to their baby". While 19% of the pregnant women have “depression” 29.6% of the pregnant women have “anxiety” and 19.8% of the pregnant women have "stress".
Conclusion: COVID-19-related knowledge level of pregnant women was “good”. The frequency of depression, anxiety, and stress of pregnant women during the pandemic period was similar to pre-pandemic data.

Kaynakça

  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. COVID-19 Number of Cases in Turkey. 2020. https://COVID19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/tr/gunluk-vaka.html. Accessed June 30, 2020.
  • Worldometer. COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic. 2020. https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/. Accessed June 30, 2020.
  • Ankaralı H, Ankaralı S, Erarslan N. COVID-19, SARS-CoV2, Infection: Current Epidemiological Analysis and Modeling of Disease. Anatol Clin. 2020;25(1):1-22.
  • Duan L, Zhu G. Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. Lancet Psychiatry 2020;7:300-302.
  • Taskin L. Maternity and Women's Health Nursing. Ankara: Akademisyen Kitabevi; 2020
  • Topalidou A, Thomson G, Downe S. COVID-19 and maternal mental health: Are we getting the balance right? MedRxiv. 2020: 1-7. 10.1101/2020.03.30.20047969.
  • Turkish Perinatology Association. Turkish Perinatology Association Opinion on “New Coronavirus Infection 2019” (COVID-19) During Pregnancy, Delivery and Postpartum Period. 2020. http://www.perinatoloji.org.tr/gebelik-dogum-ve-lohusalik-doneminde-yeni-koronavirus-enfeksiyonu-2019-COVID-19-hakkinda-turk-perinatoloji-dernegi-gorusu. Accessed May 05, 2020.
  • Alipour Z, Lamyian M, Hajizadeh E, Vafaei MA. The association between antenatal anxiety and fear of childbirth in nulliparous women: a prospective study. IJNMR 2011;16: 169-173.
  • Gavin NI, Gaynes BN, Lohr KN, Meltzer-Brody S, Gartlehner G, Swinson T. Perinatal depression: a systematic review of prevalence and incidence. Obstet Gynecol 2005;106:1071-1083.
  • Rubertsson C, Hellström J, Cross M, Sydsjö G. Anxiety in early pregnancy: prevalence and contributing factors. Arch Women Ment Hlth 2014;17: 221-228.
  • Woods SM, Melville JL, Guo Y, Fan MY, Gavin A. Psychosocial stress during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010;202:1-7.
  • Dunkel Schetter C, Tanner L. Anxiety, depression and stress in pregnancy: implications for mothers, children, research, and practice. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2012;25:141-48.
  • Sanchez SE, Puente GC, Atencio G, Qiu C, Yanez D, Gelaye B, et al. Risk of spontaneous preterm birth in relation to maternal depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms. J Reprod Med 2013;58:25-33.
  • Szegda K, Markenson G, Bertone-Johnson ER, Chasan-Taber L. Depression during pregnancy: a risk factor for adverse neonatal outcomes? A critical review of the literature. J Matern-Fetal Neo M 2014;27:960-967.
  • de Paz NC, Sanchez SE, Huaman LE, Chang GD, Pacora PN, Garcia PJ, et al. Risk of placental abruption in relation to maternal depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms. J Affect Disord 2011;130:280-284.
  • Farias DR, Pinto TDJP, Teofilo MMA, Vilela AAF, dos Santos Vaz J, Nardi AE, et al. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the first trimester of pregnancy and factors associated with current suicide risk. Psychıat Res 2013;210:962-968.
  • Wisner KL, Sit DK, McShea MC, Rizzo DM, Zoretich RA, Hughes CL, et al. Onset timing, thoughts of self-harm, and diagnoses in postpartum women with screen-positive depression findings. JAMA Psychiatry 2013;70:490-498.
  • Staneva A, Bogossian F, Pritchard M, Wittkowski A. The effects of maternal depression, anxiety, and perceived stress during pregnancy on preterm birth: A systematic review. Women Birth 2015;28:179-193.
  • Thapa SB, Mainali A, Schwank SE, Acharya G. Maternal mental health in the time of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2020;99:817–818.
  • Feduniw S, Modzelewski J, Kwiatkowski S, Kajdy A. Prevalence and impact of anxiety on mental health of pregnant women in the time of catastrophic events including COVID-19 pandemic–a rapid systematic review. 2020. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPEROFILES/178944_PROTOCOL_20200408.pdf. Accessed June 10, 2020.
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Practice Advisory: Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). 2020. https://www.acog.org/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications/Practice-Advisories/Practice-Advisory-Novel.
  • Poon LC, Yang H, Kapur A, Melamed N, Dao B, Divakar H, et al. Global interim guidance on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) during pregnancy and puerperium from FIGO and allied partners: Information for healthcare professionals. IJGO 2020;149:273-286.
  • Durankus F, Aksu E. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depressive symptoms in pregnant women: a preliminary study. J Matern-Fetal Neo M 2020;1-7. 10.1080/14767058.2020.1763946.
  • Lebel C, MacKinnon A, Bagshawe M, Tomfohr-Madsen L, Giesbrecht G. Elevated depression and anxiety among pregnant individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psyarxiv 2020. 10.31234/osf.io/gdhkt.
  • Berthelot N, Lemieux R, Garon‐Bissonnette J, Drouin‐Maziade C, Martel É, Maziade M. Uptrend in distress and psychiatric symptomatology in pregnant women during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2020. 10.1111/aogs.13925.
  • Wu Y, Zhang C, Liu H, Duan C, Li C, Fan J, et al. Perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms of pregnant women along with COVID-19 outbreak in China. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020. 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.05.009.
  • World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public. 2020. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public. Accessed May 20, 2020.
  • Lovibond PF, Lovibond SH. The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behav Res Ther. 1995;33:335-343.
  • Akin A, Cetin B. The depression anxiety and stress scale (DASS): The study of validity and reliability. JESTP 2007;7:260-268.
  • Yilmaz O, Boz H, Arslan A. The validity and reliability of Depression Stress and Anxiety Scale (DASS21) Turkish short form. FESA 2017;2:78-91.
  • Henry JD, Crawford JR. The short‐form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS‐21): Construct validity and normative data in a large non‐clinical sample. Brit J Clin Psychol 2005;44:227-239.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. COVID-19 Official Information. 2020. https://COVID19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/tr/. Accessed June 30, 2020.
  • Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 2020;395:809-815.
  • Liu D, Li L, Wu X, Zheng D, Wang J, Yang L, et al. Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of women with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia: A preliminary analysis. AJR AJR Am J Roentgenol 2020;215:127-132.
  • Liu H, Liu F, Li J, Zhang T, Wang D, Lan W. Clinical and CT Imaging Features of the COVID-19 Pneumonia: Focus on Pregnant Women and Children. J Infection 2020;80:7-13.
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). Guidance for Antenatal and Postnatal Services in the Evolving Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic. 2020. https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/2020-03-30-guidance-for-antenatal-and-postnatal-services-in-the-evolving-coronavirus-COVID-19-pandemic-20200331.pdf. Accessed June 25, 2020.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. Prenatal Care Follow-Up Guide. 2014. file:///E:/%C3%87ALI%C5%9EMA-KONGRE-K%C4%B0TAP/DO%C3%87.%C3%87ALI%C5%9EMALAR/2019-2020%20yeni%20%C3%A7al%C4%B1%C5%9Fmalar/20-COV%C4%B0D-19-GEBE-EVL%C4%B0%20KADINLAR/gebeler-COVID-19/makale/G%C4%B0R%C4%B0%C5%9E%20VE%20TARTI%C5%9EMA%20KAYNAKLAR/COVID/dogumonubakim.pdf. Accessed June 18, 2020.
  • Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Turkey Demographic and Health Survey, 2018. 2019. http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2018/rapor/TNSA2018_ana_Rapor.pdf. Accessed June 22, 2020.
  • Ali NS, Azam IS, Ali BS, Tabbusum G, Moin SS. Frequency and associated factors for anxiety and depression in pregnant women: a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Sci World J 2012;1-9: 10.1100/2012/653098.
  • Effati-Daryani F, Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi S, Mirghafourvand M, Taghizadeh M, Mohammadi A. Effect of lavender cream with or without foot-bath on anxiety, stress and depression in pregnancy: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. J Caring Sci 2015;4:63-73.
  • Orta OR, Gelaye B, Qiu C, Stoner L, Williams MA. Depression, anxiety and stress among pregnant migraineurs in a pacific-northwest cohort. J Affect Disord 2015;172:390-396.
  • Tunc S, Yenicesu O, Cakar E, Ozcan H, Pekcetin S, Danisman N. Anxiety and depression frequency and related factors during pregnancy. JGON 2012;9:1431-1435.
  • Rajkumar RP. COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature. Asian J Psychiatr 2020;52:1-5.

Gebelerin COVID-19’a yönelik bilgi durumları, tutumları ile depresyon, anksiyete ve stres düzeylerinin incelenmesi

Yıl 2021, , 80 - 93, 23.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.30569/adiyamansaglik.816066

Öz

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, gebe kadınların COVID-19 ile ilgili bilgi ve tutumlarını ile depresyon, anksiyete ve stres düzeylerini incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı bir çalışmadır. Veriler 28 Mayıs 2020 ile 20 Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında 348 gebeden Anket Formu ile Depresyon Stres ve Anksiyete Ölçeği Türkçe Kısa Formu kullanılarak çevrimiçi toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Gebe kadınların ortanca yaşı 26 (18-43)’idi. Gebe kadınların COVID-19 bilgi puanı ortancası 84 (52-96)’idi. Çalışmada gebe kadınların %83,9'u “COVID-19 enfeksiyonunun bebeğine geçeceğinden” endişelenirken, gebelerin %19'unda “depresyon”, %29,6'sında “anksiyete” ve %19,8'inde "stres" varlığı saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Gebelerin COVID-19 ile ilgili bilgi düzeyi “iyi” idi. Pandemi döneminde gebe kadınların depresyon, anksiyete ve stres sıklığı, pandemi öncesi verilere benzerdi.

Kaynakça

  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. COVID-19 Number of Cases in Turkey. 2020. https://COVID19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/tr/gunluk-vaka.html. Accessed June 30, 2020.
  • Worldometer. COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic. 2020. https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/. Accessed June 30, 2020.
  • Ankaralı H, Ankaralı S, Erarslan N. COVID-19, SARS-CoV2, Infection: Current Epidemiological Analysis and Modeling of Disease. Anatol Clin. 2020;25(1):1-22.
  • Duan L, Zhu G. Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. Lancet Psychiatry 2020;7:300-302.
  • Taskin L. Maternity and Women's Health Nursing. Ankara: Akademisyen Kitabevi; 2020
  • Topalidou A, Thomson G, Downe S. COVID-19 and maternal mental health: Are we getting the balance right? MedRxiv. 2020: 1-7. 10.1101/2020.03.30.20047969.
  • Turkish Perinatology Association. Turkish Perinatology Association Opinion on “New Coronavirus Infection 2019” (COVID-19) During Pregnancy, Delivery and Postpartum Period. 2020. http://www.perinatoloji.org.tr/gebelik-dogum-ve-lohusalik-doneminde-yeni-koronavirus-enfeksiyonu-2019-COVID-19-hakkinda-turk-perinatoloji-dernegi-gorusu. Accessed May 05, 2020.
  • Alipour Z, Lamyian M, Hajizadeh E, Vafaei MA. The association between antenatal anxiety and fear of childbirth in nulliparous women: a prospective study. IJNMR 2011;16: 169-173.
  • Gavin NI, Gaynes BN, Lohr KN, Meltzer-Brody S, Gartlehner G, Swinson T. Perinatal depression: a systematic review of prevalence and incidence. Obstet Gynecol 2005;106:1071-1083.
  • Rubertsson C, Hellström J, Cross M, Sydsjö G. Anxiety in early pregnancy: prevalence and contributing factors. Arch Women Ment Hlth 2014;17: 221-228.
  • Woods SM, Melville JL, Guo Y, Fan MY, Gavin A. Psychosocial stress during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010;202:1-7.
  • Dunkel Schetter C, Tanner L. Anxiety, depression and stress in pregnancy: implications for mothers, children, research, and practice. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2012;25:141-48.
  • Sanchez SE, Puente GC, Atencio G, Qiu C, Yanez D, Gelaye B, et al. Risk of spontaneous preterm birth in relation to maternal depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms. J Reprod Med 2013;58:25-33.
  • Szegda K, Markenson G, Bertone-Johnson ER, Chasan-Taber L. Depression during pregnancy: a risk factor for adverse neonatal outcomes? A critical review of the literature. J Matern-Fetal Neo M 2014;27:960-967.
  • de Paz NC, Sanchez SE, Huaman LE, Chang GD, Pacora PN, Garcia PJ, et al. Risk of placental abruption in relation to maternal depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms. J Affect Disord 2011;130:280-284.
  • Farias DR, Pinto TDJP, Teofilo MMA, Vilela AAF, dos Santos Vaz J, Nardi AE, et al. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the first trimester of pregnancy and factors associated with current suicide risk. Psychıat Res 2013;210:962-968.
  • Wisner KL, Sit DK, McShea MC, Rizzo DM, Zoretich RA, Hughes CL, et al. Onset timing, thoughts of self-harm, and diagnoses in postpartum women with screen-positive depression findings. JAMA Psychiatry 2013;70:490-498.
  • Staneva A, Bogossian F, Pritchard M, Wittkowski A. The effects of maternal depression, anxiety, and perceived stress during pregnancy on preterm birth: A systematic review. Women Birth 2015;28:179-193.
  • Thapa SB, Mainali A, Schwank SE, Acharya G. Maternal mental health in the time of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2020;99:817–818.
  • Feduniw S, Modzelewski J, Kwiatkowski S, Kajdy A. Prevalence and impact of anxiety on mental health of pregnant women in the time of catastrophic events including COVID-19 pandemic–a rapid systematic review. 2020. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPEROFILES/178944_PROTOCOL_20200408.pdf. Accessed June 10, 2020.
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Practice Advisory: Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). 2020. https://www.acog.org/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications/Practice-Advisories/Practice-Advisory-Novel.
  • Poon LC, Yang H, Kapur A, Melamed N, Dao B, Divakar H, et al. Global interim guidance on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) during pregnancy and puerperium from FIGO and allied partners: Information for healthcare professionals. IJGO 2020;149:273-286.
  • Durankus F, Aksu E. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depressive symptoms in pregnant women: a preliminary study. J Matern-Fetal Neo M 2020;1-7. 10.1080/14767058.2020.1763946.
  • Lebel C, MacKinnon A, Bagshawe M, Tomfohr-Madsen L, Giesbrecht G. Elevated depression and anxiety among pregnant individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psyarxiv 2020. 10.31234/osf.io/gdhkt.
  • Berthelot N, Lemieux R, Garon‐Bissonnette J, Drouin‐Maziade C, Martel É, Maziade M. Uptrend in distress and psychiatric symptomatology in pregnant women during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2020. 10.1111/aogs.13925.
  • Wu Y, Zhang C, Liu H, Duan C, Li C, Fan J, et al. Perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms of pregnant women along with COVID-19 outbreak in China. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020. 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.05.009.
  • World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public. 2020. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public. Accessed May 20, 2020.
  • Lovibond PF, Lovibond SH. The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behav Res Ther. 1995;33:335-343.
  • Akin A, Cetin B. The depression anxiety and stress scale (DASS): The study of validity and reliability. JESTP 2007;7:260-268.
  • Yilmaz O, Boz H, Arslan A. The validity and reliability of Depression Stress and Anxiety Scale (DASS21) Turkish short form. FESA 2017;2:78-91.
  • Henry JD, Crawford JR. The short‐form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS‐21): Construct validity and normative data in a large non‐clinical sample. Brit J Clin Psychol 2005;44:227-239.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. COVID-19 Official Information. 2020. https://COVID19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/tr/. Accessed June 30, 2020.
  • Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 2020;395:809-815.
  • Liu D, Li L, Wu X, Zheng D, Wang J, Yang L, et al. Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of women with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia: A preliminary analysis. AJR AJR Am J Roentgenol 2020;215:127-132.
  • Liu H, Liu F, Li J, Zhang T, Wang D, Lan W. Clinical and CT Imaging Features of the COVID-19 Pneumonia: Focus on Pregnant Women and Children. J Infection 2020;80:7-13.
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). Guidance for Antenatal and Postnatal Services in the Evolving Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic. 2020. https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/2020-03-30-guidance-for-antenatal-and-postnatal-services-in-the-evolving-coronavirus-COVID-19-pandemic-20200331.pdf. Accessed June 25, 2020.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. Prenatal Care Follow-Up Guide. 2014. file:///E:/%C3%87ALI%C5%9EMA-KONGRE-K%C4%B0TAP/DO%C3%87.%C3%87ALI%C5%9EMALAR/2019-2020%20yeni%20%C3%A7al%C4%B1%C5%9Fmalar/20-COV%C4%B0D-19-GEBE-EVL%C4%B0%20KADINLAR/gebeler-COVID-19/makale/G%C4%B0R%C4%B0%C5%9E%20VE%20TARTI%C5%9EMA%20KAYNAKLAR/COVID/dogumonubakim.pdf. Accessed June 18, 2020.
  • Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Turkey Demographic and Health Survey, 2018. 2019. http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2018/rapor/TNSA2018_ana_Rapor.pdf. Accessed June 22, 2020.
  • Ali NS, Azam IS, Ali BS, Tabbusum G, Moin SS. Frequency and associated factors for anxiety and depression in pregnant women: a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Sci World J 2012;1-9: 10.1100/2012/653098.
  • Effati-Daryani F, Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi S, Mirghafourvand M, Taghizadeh M, Mohammadi A. Effect of lavender cream with or without foot-bath on anxiety, stress and depression in pregnancy: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. J Caring Sci 2015;4:63-73.
  • Orta OR, Gelaye B, Qiu C, Stoner L, Williams MA. Depression, anxiety and stress among pregnant migraineurs in a pacific-northwest cohort. J Affect Disord 2015;172:390-396.
  • Tunc S, Yenicesu O, Cakar E, Ozcan H, Pekcetin S, Danisman N. Anxiety and depression frequency and related factors during pregnancy. JGON 2012;9:1431-1435.
  • Rajkumar RP. COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature. Asian J Psychiatr 2020;52:1-5.
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Hacer Alan Dikmen 0000-0001-9617-4897

Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Nisan 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Ekim 2020
Kabul Tarihi 10 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021

Kaynak Göster

AMA Alan Dikmen H. An investigation COVID-19 related knowledge, attitude, depression, anxiety, and stress levels of pregnant women. ADYÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Derg. Nisan 2021;7(1):80-93. doi:10.30569/adiyamansaglik.816066