The effect of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on biochemical parameters in adolescent male athletes

Yıl 2021, , 14 - 19, 23.04.2021

Sayad Kocahan , Aykut Dündar , Yücehan Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.30569/adiyamansaglik.862545

Öz

Aim: The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of basketball training on the creatinine, urea, and electrolyte balance of basketball players.
Materials and Methods: The present was conducted by a total of 34 healthy young boys. Participants were randomly divided into 2 groups to be the control group (n=17) and the training group (n=17). The training groups underwent two hours of basketball training for five days a week in a span of eight weeks.
Results: As the results of the present study, urea, creatinine, and plasma mineral levels increased statistically significant. Creatinine, urea, and blood urea nitrogen were significantly affected by the training (p<0.005). Sodium, potassium, phosphorus, chlorine (p<0.05), magnesium, calcium and iron (p<0.005) levels were also significantly affected by the training.
Conclusion: The regular exercise training increased the levels of urea, creatinine and plasma minerals by affecting the creatinine, urea and electrolyte balance of basketball players.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Exercise, Urea, Creatinine, Electrolyte, Training

Adolesan erkek sporcularda aerobik ve anaerobik egzersizin biyokimyasal parametreler üzerine etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, sekiz haftalık basketbol antrenmanının basketbolcularda kreatinin, üre ve elektrolit dengesine etkisini belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Mevcut çalışmaya, 34 sağlıklı genç erkek çocuk dâhil edildi. Katılımcılar rastgele bir kontrol grubuna (n=17) ve bir egzersiz grubuna (n=17) ayrıldı. Egzersiz grubuna sekiz hafta süre ile haftada beş gün iki saat basketbol eğitimi verildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmada üre, kreatinin ve plazma mineral seviyeleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı artış gösterdi. Egzersiz grubunda kreatinin, üre ve kan üre nitrojeni değerleri (p<0,005) ile sodyum, potasyum, fosfor, klor (p<0,005), magnezyum, kalsiyum ve demir (p<0,05) seviyeleri de önemli ölçüde etkilendi.
Sonuç: Düzenli egzersiz eğitimi, basketbolcuların kreatinin, üre ve elektrolit dengesini etkileyerek üre, kreatinin ve plazma mineral seviyelerini artırmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Egzersiz, Üre, Kreatinin, Elektrolit, Antreman

Kaynakça

• Stevens LA, Levey AS. Measurement of kidney function. Med Clin N Am. 2005;89(3):457-73.
• Baxmann AC et al. Influence of muscle mass and physical activity on serum and urinary creatinine and serum cystatin C. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3(2):348-54.
• Williams MH, Branch D. Creatine supplementation and exercise performance: an update. J Am Coll Nutr. 1998;17(3): 216-34.
• Brosnan JT, Brosnan ME. Creatine: Endogenous metabolite, dietary, and therapeutic supplement. Annu Rev Nutr. 2007;27:241-61.
• Omassoli J et al. Variation in renal responses to exercise in the heat with progressive acclimatisation. J Sci Med Sport. 2019;22.9:1004-09.
• Décombaz J, Reinhardt P, Anantharaman K, Glutz von G, Poortmans JR. Biochemical changes in a 100 km run: free amino acids, urea, and creatinine. Eur. J. Appl. Physio. 1979;41(1):61-72.
• Bemben MG, Lamont HS. Creatine supplementation and exercise performance. Sports Med. 2005;35(2):107-25.
• Demirkan E, Mitat K, Kutlu M. Sporcularda Dehidrasyonun Performans Üzerine Etkileri ve Vücut Hidrasyon Düzeyinin İzlenmesi. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2010;8(3):81-92.
• Kargotich S et al. Monitoring 6 weeks of progressive endurance training with plasma glutamine. Int J Sports Med. 2007;28(03):211-16.
• Sawka MN, Montain SJ. Fluid and electrolyte supplementation for exercise heat stress. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;72(2):564-72.
• Brandenburg JP, Gaetz M. Fluid balance of elite female basketball players before and during game play. Int J Sport Nutr Exe. 2012;22(5):347-52.
• Vukašinović-Vesić M et al. Sweat rate and fluid intake in young elite basketball players on the FIBA Europe U20 Championship. Vojnosanit Pregl. 2015;72(12):1063-68.
• Maughan R, Shirreffs SM, Merson SJ, Horswill CA. Fluid and electrolyte balance in elite male football (soccer) players training in a cool environment. J Sports Sci. 2005;23(1):73-9.
• Osterberg KL, Horswill CA, Baker LB. Pregame urine specific gravity and fluid intake by National Basketball Association players during competition. J Athl Train. 2009;44(1):53-7.
• Lara B et al. Interindividual variability in sweat electrolyte concentration in marathoners. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2016;13(1):31.
• Ranchordas MK et al. Normative data on regional sweat-sodium concentrations of professional male team-sport athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2017;14(1):40.
• Baker LB, Barnes KA, Anderson ML, Passe DH, Stofan JR. Normative data for regional sweat sodium concentration and whole-body sweating rate in athletes. J Sports Sci. 2016;34(4):358-68.
• Dundar A, Kocahan S, Sahın L. Associations of apelin, leptin, irisin, ghrelin, insulin, glucose levels, and lipid parameters with physical activity during eight weeks of regular exercise training. Arch Physıol Bıochem. 2019;1-5.
• Çevik C et al. Farklı aerobik nitelikli antrenmanların serum enzimler, serum elektrolitler, üre, kreatin, total protein, fosfor ve ürik asit üzerindeki etkileri ve ilişki düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Bed. Eğt. Spor Bil. Der. 1996;1(2):37-46.
• Fallon K, Sivyer G, Sivyer K, Dare A. The biochemistry of runners in a 1600 km ultramarathon. Br J Sports Med. 1999;33(4):264-69.
• Haralambie G, Berg A. Serum urea and amino nitrogen changes with exercise duration. Europ J appl Physiol. 1976;36(1):39-48.
• Haralambie G, Senser L. Metabolic changes in man during long-distance swimming. Europ J appl Physiol. 1980;43(2):115-25.
• Reid SA, King MJ. Serum biochemistry and morbidity among runners presenting for medical care after an Australian mountain ultramarathon. Clin J Sport Med. 2007;17(4):307-10.
• Calles-Escandon J, et al. Influence of exercise on urea, creatinine, and 3-methylhistidine excretion in normal human subjects. Am. J. Physiol. 1984;246(4):334-38.
• Hürmüz K, Tamer K, Çoksevim B. Devamlı ve aralı (interval) koşu programlarının plazma üre ve kreatin düzeyleri üzerine etkisi. Erciyes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilim Derg. 2007;16(1):17-23.
• Machado JCQ, Volpe CMO, Vasconcellos LS, Machado JAN. Quantification of NGAL in urine of endurance cycling athletes. J Phys Act Health. 2018;15(9):679-82.
• Carraro F, Kimbrough TD, Wolfe RR. Urea kinetics in humans at two levels of exercise intensity. J Appl Physiol. 1993;75(3):1180-85.
• Kılıc Y, Cetin HN, Sumlu E, Pektas MB, Koca HB, Akar F. Effects of Boxing Matches on Metabolic, Hormonal, and Inflammatory Parameters in Male Elite Boxers. Medicina. 2019;55(6):288.
• Wolfe RR, et al. Isotopic analysis of leucine and urea metabolism in exercising humans. J Appl Physiol. 1982;52(2):458-66.
• Saengsirisuwan V, Phadungkij S, Pholpramool C. Renal and liver functions and muscle injuries during training and after competition in Thai boxers. Br J Sports Med. 1998;32(4):304-8.
• Dressendorfer RH, Wade CD, Keen CL, Scaff Jr JH. Plasma mineral levels in marathon runners during a 20-day road race. Phys Sportsmed. 1982;10(6):113-8.
• Karakukcu C, Polat Y, Torun YA, Paç AK. The effects of acute and regular exercise on calcium, phosphorus and trace elements in young amateur boxers. Clin Lab. 2013;59(5-6):557-62.
• Rose LI, Carroll DR, Lowe SL, Peterson EW, Cooper KH. Serum electrolyte changes after marathon running. J Appl Physiol. 1970;29(4):449-51.
• Künstlinger U, Ludwig H, Stegemann J. Metabolic changes during volleyball matches. Int J Sports Med. 1987;8(05):315-22.