Research on Clinical Findings in Patients with Bruxism

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 1796 - 1806, 31.12.2019

Günay Yapıcı Yavuz , Şeyma Bayazıt

https://doi.org/10.30569/adiyamansaglik.652918

Öz

Objective: This study aims to analyze the clinical findings of patients
diagnosed with bruxism.

Methods: Between January 2018 and December 2018, 110 patients who were
admitted to Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry,
Adıyaman University and diagnosed with sleep bruxism according to the American
Academy of Sleep Medicine diagnostic criteria were included in the study. In
the clinical examination, the patients diagnosed with bruxism were evaluated in
terms of tooth abrasion, presence of indentation on the lateral edges of the
tongue, presence of linea alba in cheek mucosa due to biting, periodontal
disease, teeth sensitivity, pain in masticatory muscles, pain in temporomandibular
joint, masseter muscle hypertrophy and headache.

Results: A total of 110 patients diagnosed with sleep bruxism, with mean age
of 32.95±12.34, of whom 78 is female and 32 is male, were included in the
study. Of the 110 patients diagnosed with bruxism, 81 (73.6%) had abrasion on
the incisal surfaces of the teeth, 70 (63.6%) had indentation on the lateral
edges of the tongue, 55 (50%) was with linea alba in the cheek mucosa, and 29
(26.4%) had periodontal disease, 29 (26.4%) had tooth sensitivity, 77 (70%) had
pain in the masticatory muscles, 67 (60.9%) had pain in TMJ region, 27 (24.5%)
had masseter muscle hypertrophy, and 53 (48.2%) had headache.

Conclusion: In patients with bruxism, tooth abrasion is the most common clinical
finding, followed by pain in masticatory muscles, indentation in the lateral
edges of the tongue and TMJ pain.

Anahtar Kelimeler

bruxism, tooth wear, pain

Bruksizm Hastalarında Klinik Bulgularının Araştırılması

Öz

Amaç: Bruksizm tanısı konulan hastalara ait klinik bulguların araştırılması
amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Ocak 2018-Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında Adıyaman Üniversitesi Diş
Hekimliği Fakültesi Ağız, Diş ve Çene Cerrahisi kliniğine başvuran Amerikan
Uyku Tıbbı Akademisi tanı kriterlerine göre uyku bruksizmi tanısı konulan 110
hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bruksizm tanısı konulan hastaların klinik
muayenesinde, dişlerde aşınma varlığı, dilin lateral kenarlarında diş izleri,
yanak mukozasında ısırma sonucu oluşan linea alba varlığı, periodontal
hastalık, dişlerde hassasiyet, çiğneme kaslarında ağrı, temporomandibular
eklemde ağrı, masseter kaslarında hipertrofi ve baş ağrısı değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 32.95±12.34 olan, 78’i kadın 32’si erkek olan uyku bruksizmi
tanısı konulan 110 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bruksizm tanısı konulan 110
hastanın 81’inde (%73.6) dişlerin insizal yüzeylerinde aşınma, 70’inde (%63.6)
dilin lateral kenarlarında girintiler, 55’inde (%50) yanak mukozasında linea
alba varlığı, 29’unda (%26.4) periodontal hastalık, 29’unda (%26.4) diş
hassasiyeti, 77’sinde (%70) çiğneme kaslarında ağrı, 67’sinde (%60.9) TME
bölgesinde ağrı, 27’sinde (%24.5) masseter kaslarında hipertrofi, 53’ünde
(%48.2) ise baş ağrısı bulunmaktaydı.

Sonuç: Bruksizmli hastalarda klinik bulgulardan en fazla diş aşınması, daha sonra
ise çiğneme kaslarında ağrı, dil lateral kenarlarında girinti ve TME ağrısı
eşlik etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

bruksizm, diş aşınması, ağrı

Kaynakça

• 1. Lobbezoo F, Ahlberg J, Raphael KG, Wetselaar P, Glaros AG, Kato T, Santiago V, Winocur E, De Laat A, De Leeuw R, Koyano K, Lavigne GJ, Svensson P, Manfredini D. International consensus on the assessment of bruxism: Report of a work in progress. J Oral Rehabil 2018; 45(11): 837-844.
• 2. Beddis H, Pemberton M, Davies S. Sleep bruxism: an overview for clinicians. Br Dent J 2018 Sep 28;225(6):497-501.
• 3. Lobbezoo F, Ahlberg J, Manfredini D et al. Are bruxism and the bite causally related? J Oral Rehabil 2012; 39: 489–501.
• 4. Manfredini D, Winocur E, Guarda-Nardini L, Paesani D, Lobbezoo F. Epide¬miology of bruxism in adults: a systematic review of the literature. J Orofac Pain 2013; 27(2): 99–110.
• 5. Lavigne GJ, Rompré PH, Poirier G, Huard H, Kato T, Montplaisir JY. Rhythmic masti¬catory muscle activity during sleep in humans. J Dent Res 2001; 80(2): 443–8.
• 6. Carlsson GE, Egermark I, Magnusson T. Predictors of bruxism, other oral parafunctions, and tooth wear over a 20-year follow-up period. J Orofac Pain 2003; 17(1):50-7.
• 7. Özdemir Karataş M, Nekora Azak A, Evlioğlu G, Keskin H. The Relationship Between ToothWear and Bruxism in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders: Review. Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci 2010;16(3):242-8.
• 8. Çebi AT. Ağız ve diş sağlığı öğrencilerinde bruksizm varlığının, farkındalığının ve ilişkili faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi. Mersin Univ Saglık Bilim Derg 2018;11(3): 250-7.
• 9. Yoshida Y, Suganuma T, Takaba M, Ono Y, Abe Y, Yoshizawa S, Sakai T, Yoshizawa A, Nakamura H, Kawana F, Baba K. Association between patterns of jaw motor activity during sleep and clinical signs and symptoms of sleep bruxism. J Sleep Res 2017; 26(4): 415-421.
• 10. American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM). The International Classification of Sleep Disorders Revised: Diagnostic and Coding Manual (ICSD), 2nd edn. Westchester, IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2005.
• 11. Smith BGN, Knight JK. An index for measuring the wear of teeth. Br Dent J 1984; 156(12): 435-8.
• 12. Mizutani S, Ekuni D, Tomofuji T, Azuma T, Irie K, Machida T, Yoneda T, Iwasaki Y, Morita M. Factors related to the formation of buccal mucosa ridging in university students. Acta Odontol Scand. 2014;72(1):58–63.
• 13. Keskinrüzgar A, Özcan Küçük A, Yapıcı Yavuz G, Koparal M, Çalışkan ZG, Utkun M. Comparison of kinesio taping and occlusal splint in the management of myofascial pain in patients with sleep bruxism. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2019; 32(1): 1-6.
• 14. Bertazzo-Silveira E, Stuginski-Barbosa J, Porporatti AL, Dick B, Flores-Mir C, Manfredini D, De Luca Canto G. Association between signs and symptoms of bruxismand presence of tori: a systematic review. Clin Oral Invest 2017;21(9):2789-2799.
• 15. Tavares LM, Da Silva Parente Macedo LC, Rabelais Duarte CM, De Goffredo Filho GS, Souza Tesch R. Cross-sectional study of anxiety symptoms and self-report of awake and sleep bruxism in female TMD patients. Cranio 2016;34(6): 378-381.
• 16. Soares LG, Costa IR, Santos Brum Júnior J, Bronzon Cerqueira WS, de Oliveira ES, Oliveira DW, Gonçalves PF, Ramos Glória JC, Aguiar Tavano KT, Flecha OD. Prevalence of bruxism in undergraduate students. Cranio 2017;35(5): 298-303.
• 17. Van Der Meer HA, Speksnijder CM, Engelbert RHH, Lobbezoo F, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MWG, Visscher CM. The Association Between Headaches and Temporomandibular Disorders is Confounded by Bruxism and Somatic Symptoms. Clin J Pain 2017;33(9):835-843.
• 18. Khan F, Young WG, Daley TJ. Dental erosion and bruxism, A tooth wear analysis from South East Queensland. Australian Dental Journal 1998;43:(2):117-27.
• 19. Molina OF, Santos J, Mazzetto M, Nelson S, Nowlin T, Mainieri ET. Oral Jaw Behaviors in TMD and Bruxism: A Comparison Study by Severity of Bruxism. Cranio 2001; 19(2): 114-122.
• 20. Tsiggos N, Tortopidis D, Hatzikyriakos A, Menexes G. Association Between Self-Reported Bruxism Activity and Occurrence of Dental Attrition, Abfraction, and Occlusal Pits on Natural Teeth. J Prosthet Dent 2008;100(1):41-6.
• 21. Şener s, Karabekiroğlu S, Ünlü N. Assessment of bruxism awareness and related various factors in young adults. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 2014; 17(4): 361-371.
• 22. Koyano K, Tsukiyama Y, Ichiki R, Kuwata T. Assessment of bruxism in the clinic. J Oral Rehabil 2008; 35(7): 495-508.
• 23. Ekfeldt A, Hugoson A, Bergendal T, Helkimo A. An individual tooth wear index and an analysis of factors correlated to incisal and occlusal wear in an adult Swedish population. Acta Odontol Scand 1990;48(5):343-349.
• 24. Knight DJ, Leroux BG, Zhu C, Almond J, Ramsay DS. A longitudinal study of tooth wear in orthodontically treated patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1997;112(2):194-202.
• 25. Pergamalian A, Rudy TE, Zaki HS, Greco CM. The association between wear facets, bruxism, and severity of facial pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders. J Prosthet Dent 2003;90(2):194-200. 26. Baba K, Haketa T, Clark GT, Ohyama T. Does tooth wear status predict ongoing sleep bruxism in 30-year-old Japanese subjects? Int J Prosthodont. 2004;17(1):39-44.
• 27. Takagi I, Sakurai K. Investigation of the factors related to the formation of the buccal mucosa ridging. J Oral Rehabil 2003;30(6):565-572.
• 28. Tokiwa O, Park BK, Takezawa Y, Takahashi Y, Sasaguri K, Sato S. Relationship of Tooth Grinding Pattern During Sleep Bruxism and Dental Status. Cranio 2008; 26(4):287-293.
• 29. Manfredini D, Ahlberg J,Mura R, Lobbezoo F. Bruxism Is Unlikely to Cause Damage to the Periodontium: Findings From a Systematic Literature Assessment. J Periodontol 2015;86(4):546-555. 30. Ono Y, Suganuma T, Shinya A, Furuya R, Baba K. Effects of Sleep Bruxism On Periodontal Sensation and Tooth Displacement in the Molar Region. Cranio 2008; 26(4): 282-6.
• 31. Hanamura H, Houston F, Rylander H, Carlsson GE, Haraldson T, Nyman S. Periodontal status and bruxism. A comparative study of patientswith periodontal disease and occlusal parafunctions. J Periodontol 1987;58(3):173-176.
• 32. Magnusson T, Egermark I, Carlsson GE. A prospective investigation over two decades on signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and associated variables. A final summary.Acta Odontol Scand 2005;63:99-109.
• 33. Costa AL, D’Abreu A, Cendes F. Temporomandibular joint internal derangement: association with headache, joint effusion,bruxism, and joint pain. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008;9:9-16.
• 34. Rossetti LM, Rossetti PH, Conti PC, de Araujo Cdos R. Association between sleep bruxism and temporomandibular disorders: a polysomnographic pilot study. Cranio 2008;26:16-24.
• 35. Camparis CM, Formigoni G, Teixeira MJ, Bittencourt LR, Tufik S, de Siqueira JT. Sleep bruxism and temporomandibular disorder: clinical and polysomnographic evaluation. Arch Oral Biol 2006;51:721-8.
• 36. Manfredini D, Lobbezoo F. Relationship Between Bruxism and Temporomandibular Disorders: A Systematic Review of Literature From 1998 to 2008. Oral Surg OralMed Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010;109(6):26-50.
• 37. Castrillon EE, Exposto FG. Sleep Bruxism and Pain. Dent Clin North Am 2018; 62(4): 657-663.
• 38. Lavigne GJ, Rompre PH, Montplaisir JY. Sleep bruxism: validity of clinical research diagnostic criteria in a controlled polysomnographic study. J. Dent. Res 1996;75(1): 546-552.
• 39. Bas B, Ozan B, Muglali M, Celebi N. Treatment of masseteric hypertrophy with botulinum toxin: a report of two cases. Med. Oral Patol. Oral Cir. Bucal 2010;15(4): 649-652. 40. Kato T, Lavigne GJ. Sleep bruxism: a sleep-related movement disorder. Sleep Med Clin 2010;5(1): 9-35.
• 41. Bortoletto CC, Canuto Salgueiro MC, Valio R, Fragoso YD, Barros Motta P, Jansiski Motta L, Kobayashi FY, Santos Fernandes KP, Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Deana A, Bussadori SK. The relationship between bruxism, sleep quality, and headaches in schoolchildren. J Phys Ther Sci 2017; 29(11): 1889-1892.
• 42. Troeltzsch M, Troeltzsch M, Cronin RJ, Brodine AH, Frankenberger R, Messlinger K. Prevalence and association of headaches, temporomandibular joint disorders, and occlusal interferences. J Prosthet Dent 2011;105(6):410-7.
• 43. Fernandes G, Franco AL, Goncalves DA, Specialli JG, Bigal ME, Camparis CM. Temporomandibular disorders, sleep bruxism, and primary headaches are mutually associated. J Orofac Pain. 2013;27(1):14-20.
• 44. Molina OF, Peixoto MG, Eid NLM, Aquilino RN, Rank RCIC. Headache and bruxing behavior types in craniomandibular disorders (CMDs) patients. Rev Neurocien 2011;19(3):449-457.
• 45. Costa AL, D’Abreu A, Cendes F. Temporomandibular joint internal derangement:Association with headache, joint effusion, bruxism, and joint pain. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008;9(6):9-16.