Prenatal dönemleri boyunca günde bir saat kesintisiz 900 MHz elektromanyetik alan etkisine maruz kalan 75 günlük Sprague Dawley dişi sıçanların böbrek ve mesane dokularının histopatolojik olarak incelenmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 142 - 150, 30.08.2022

Sibel Türedi , Hatice Hancı , Ersan Odaci , Hakim Çelik

https://doi.org/10.30569/adiyamansaglik.1023728

Cited By: 1

Öz

Amaç: Prenatal dönemde 900 MHz elektromanyetik alan (EMA) maruziyetinin sıçanların postnatal erişkinlik döneminde böbrek ve mesane dokuları üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 18 adet dişi sıçan; kontrol, Sham ve EMA olarak üç gruba ayrıldı. EMA grubu, prenatal dönem boyunca 1 saat/gün 900 MHz EMA'ya maruz bırakıldı; Sham grubu gebe sıçanlar EMA sistemi kapalı kafeste tutuldu. Kontrol grubu gebe sıçanlara ve postnatal yeni doğanlara uygulama yapılmadı. Deney süresi bitiminde böbrek ve mesane dokuları histopatolojik olarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Kontrol ve Sham gruplarının böbrek ve mesane örneklerinin normal morfolojide olduğu, EMA grubunda böbrekte tübüler ve glomerular hasar, bowman boşluğunda dilatasyon; mesane ürotelyum epitelinde dejenerasyon izlendi.
Sonuç: Prenatal dönemde 900 MHz EMA maruziyeti, erişkinlikte yavru sıçanların böbrek ve mesane dokusunda ciddi histopatolojik değişimlerin olabileceği kanaatindeyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Böbrek, Mesane, Elektromanyetik Alan, Histopatoloji, Sıçan

A histopathological examination of kidney and bladder tissues of 75-day female Sprague Dawley rats exposed to a one-hour continuous 900 MHz electromagnetic field during the prenatal period

Öz

Aim: The effects on kidney and bladder tissues in postnatal adulthood in rats exposed to 900 MHz electromagnetic field (EMF) in the prenatal period were investigated
Materials and Methods: Eighteen female rats; were divided into three groups, control, sham and EMF. The EMF group was exposed to 900 MHz EMF for 1 hour/day during the prenatal period. Sham group pregnant rats were kept in the EMF system closed cage. No procedure was performed on the control pregnant group rats and postnatal newborns. At the end of the experimental period, kidney and bladder tissues were evaluated histopathologically.
Results: Kidney and bladder specimens from the control and sham groups exhibited a normal morphological structure. Tubular and glomerular damage, dilatation in Bowman's space in kidney tissue and degeneration of the urothelial epithelium in the bladder were observed in the EMF group.
Conclusion: We think that exposure to 900 MHz EMF during the prenatal period may cause severe histopathological changes in kidney and bladder tissue in adulthood.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kidney, Bladder, Electromagnetic field, Adulthood, Histopathology, Rat

Kaynakça

• Hardell L, Carlberg M, Söderqvist F, Mild KH, Morgan LL. Long-term use of cellular phones and brain tumours: Increased risk associated with use for ≥10 years. Occup Environ Med. 2007;64(9):626-632.
• Salford LG, Arne EB, Eberhardt JL, Malmgren L, Persson BRR. Nerve Cell Damage in Mammalian Brain after Exposure to Microwaves from GSM Mobile Phones. Environ Health Perspect. 2003;111(7):881-883.
• IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Non-Ionizing radiation, Part II: Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields [Includes Mobile Phones]. IARC Press, Lyon, France. 2011;102.
• Agarwal A, Deepinder F, Sharma RK, Ranga G, Li J. Effect of cell phone usage on semen analysis in men attending infertility clinic: an observational study. Fertil Steril. 2008;89(1):124-128.
• Türedi S, Hancı H, Odacı E. 900 Megahertz Dalga Frekansına Sahip Elektromanyetik Alanın Biyolojik Sistemler Üzerindeki Olası Etkilerine Bilimsel Yaklaşım: Derleme. Journal of Harran University Medical Faculty. 2020;17(1):140-148.
• Feychting M, Ahlbom A, Kheifets L. EMF and Health. Annu Rev Public Health. 2005;26:165-189.
• Odacı E, Özyılmaz C. Exposure to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field for 1 hour a day over 30 days does change the histopathology and biochemistry of the rat testis. Int J Radiat Biol. 2015;91(7):547-554.
• Ragy MM. Effect of exposure and withdrawal of 900-MHz electromagnetic waves on brain, kidney and liveroxidative stress and some biochemical parameters in male rats. Electromagn Biol Med. 2015;34(4):279-284.
• Odacı E, Ünal D, Mercantepe T, Topal Z, Hancı H, Türedi S, et al. The pathological effects of prenatal exposure to a 900-MHz electromagnetic field on the 21-day-old male rat kidney. Biotech Histochem. 2015;90(2):93-101.
• Dankers PY, Boomker JM, Meijer EW, Popa ER, van Luyn MJ. From kidney development to drug delivery and tissue engineering strategies in renal regenerative medicine. J Control Release. 2011;152(1):177-185.
• Koca O, Gökçe AM, Öztürk MI, Ercan F, Yurdakul N, Karaman MI. Effects of intensive cell phone (Philips Genic 900) use on the rat kidney tissue. Urol J. 2013;10(2):886-891.
• Cassady JR. Clinical radiation nephropathy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1995;31(5):1249-1256.
• Odacı E, Ünal D, Mercantepe T, Topal Z, Hancı H, Türedi S, et al. Pathological effects of prenatal exposure to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field on the 21-day-old male rat kidney. Biotech Histochem. 2015;90(2):93-101.
• Odacı E, Hancı H, Yuluğ E, Türedi S, Aliyazıcıoğlu Y, Kaya H, et al. Effects of prenatal exposure to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field on 60-day-old rat testis and epididymal sperm quality. Biotech Histochem. 2016;91(1):9-19.
• Bedir R, Tumkaya L, Şehitoğlu İ, Kalkan Y, Yilmaz A, Şahin OZ. The effect of exposure of rats during prenatal period to radiation spreading from mobile phones on renal development. Ren Fail. 2015;37(2):305-309.
• Kerimoğlu G, Aslan A, Baş O, Çolakoğlu S, Odacı E. Adverse effects in lumbar spinal cord morphology and tissue biochemistry in Sprague Dawley male rats following exposure to a continuous 1-h a day 900- MHz electromagnetic field throughout adolescence. J Chem Neuroanat. 2016;78:125-130.
• Kismali G, Ozgur E, Guler G, Akcay A, Sel T, Seyhan N. The influence of 1800 MHz GSM-like signals on blood chemistry and oxidative stress in non-pregnant and pregnant rabbits. Int J Radiat Biol. 2012;88(5):414-419.
• Özorak A, Nazıroğlu M, Çelik Ö, Yüksel M, Özçelik D, Özkaya MO, et al. Wi-Fi (2.45 GHz)- and mobile phone (900 and 1800 MHz)-induced risks on oxidative stress and elements in kidney and testis of rats during pregnancy and the development of offspring. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2013;156(1-3):221-229.
• Kuybulu AE, Öktem F, Çiriş İM, Sutcu R, Örmeci AR, Çömlekçi S, et al. Effects of long-term pre- and post-natal exposure to 2.45 GHz wireless devices on developing male rat kidney. Ren Fail. 2016;38(4):571-580.
• Ulubay M, Yahyazadeh A, Deniz ÖG, Kıvrak EG, Altunkaynak BZ, Erdem G, et al. Effects of prenatal 900 MHz electromagnetic field exposures on the histology of rat kidney. Int J Radiat Biol. 2015;91(1):35-41.
• Türedi S, Kerimoğlu G, Mercantepe T, Odacı E. Biochemical and pathological changes in the male rat kidney and bladder following exposure to continuous 900-MHz electromagnetic field on postnatal days 22-59. Int J Radiat Biol. 2017;93(9):990-999.
• Koca O, Gokce AM, Akyuz M, Ercan F, Yurdakul N, Karaman MI. A new problem in inflammatory bladder diseases: use of mobile phones! Int Braz J Urol. 2014;40(4):520-525.
• Soler R, Bruschini H, Martins JR, Dreyfuss JL, Camara NO, Alves MT, et al. Urinary glycosaminoglycans as biomarker for urothelial injury: is it possible to discriminate damage from recovery? Urology. 2008;72(4):937-942.
• Tyagi P, Barclay D, Zamora R, Yoshimura N, Peters K, Vodovotz Y, et al. Urine cytokines suggest an inflammatory response in the overactive bladder: a pilot study. Int Urol Nephrol. 2010;42(3):629-35.
• Qiao Z, Xia C, Shen S, Corwin FD, Liu M, Guan R, et al. Suppression of the PI3K pathway in vivo reduces cystitisinduced bladder hypertrophy and restores bladder capacity examined by magnetic resonance imaging. PLoS One. 2014;9(12):e114536.
• Band PR, Le ND, MacArthur AC, Fang R, Gallagher RP. Identification of occupational cancer risks in British Columbia: a population-based case-control study of 1129 cases of bladder cancer. J Occup Environ Med. 2005;47(8):854-858.
• Gurbuz N, Sirav B, Yuvaci HU, Turhan N, Coskun ZK, Seyhan N. Is there any possible genotoxic effect in exfoliated bladder cells of rat under the exposure of 1800 MHz GSM-like modulated radiofrequency radiation (RFR)? Electromagn Biol Med. 2010;29(3):98-104.