Mikro Elementlerle Zenginleştirilmiş Budama Atığı Biyokömürün Alkalin Karakterli Toprakta Yetiştirilen Mısır Bitkisinin Gelişimine Etkisi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2, 265 - 273, 31.12.2024

Mehmet Burak Taşkın , Muhittin Onur Akça , Hanife Akça

https://doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.1581307

Öz

Tarımsal verimliliği artırmaya yönelik sürdürülebilir yaklaşımların önemi her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, biyokömürün hem karbon tutucu hem de toprak düzenleyici olarak kullanımı toprak sağlığı üzerinde dikkate değer bir uygulama olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, mikro elementlerle zenginleştirilmiş budama atığı biyokömürünün alkalin karakterli toprakta yetiştirilen mısır bitkisinin gelişimi ve mineral element içeriklerine etkileri sera koşullarında araştırılmıştır. Budama atığı biyokömüründe, FeSO₄.7H₂O, ZnSO₄.7H₂O ve MnSO₄.H₂O çözeltileri ile zenginleştirme işlemi yapılmıştır. Yapılan uygulamalar; kontrol, yalnızca biyokömür (BK) ve mikro elementlerle zenginleştirilmiş biyokömür kombinasyonları (BK+Fe, BK+Zn, BK+Mn, BK+Fe+Zn, BK+Fe+Mn, BK+Zn+Mn, BK+Fe+Zn+Mn) şeklinde düzenlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, bitki azot (N) konsantrasyonu ise 9.14-12.2 g kg⁻¹ arasında değişmiş olup, en yüksek N konsantrasyonu BK+Fe+Zn uygulaması ile elde edilmiştir. Yaş bitki ağırlıkları 145-181 g saksı⁻¹, kuru ağırlıklar ise 21.6-26.1 g saksı⁻¹ arasında değişim göstermiştir. Demir ile zenginleştirilmiş biyokömür (BK+Fe), bitki boyu ve gövde çapı parametreleri açısından en olumlu sonuçları vermiştir. Mikro element konsantrasyonları incelendiğinde, bitki Fe konsantrasyonu 68.1-116 mg kg⁻¹, Zn konsantrasyonu 56.6-164 mg kg⁻¹ arasında değişmiştir. En yüksek Zn konsantrasyonu BK+Zn uygulamasıyla elde edilirken, en yüksek Mn konsantrasyonu BK+Fe+Zn+Mn kombinasyonu ile elde edilmiştir. BK+Fe uygulamasının, mısır bitkisi gelişimi ve mikro element konsantrasyonu açısından en etkili uygulama olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, biyokömür materyallerinde mikro elementlerle zenginleştirme çalışmalarının farklı bitki, hammadde ve iklim koşullarında yapılmasının gerekli olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

çinko, demir, mangan, mısır, modifiye biyokömür, zenginleștirme

The Effect of Pruning Residue Biochar Enriched with Micronutrients on the Growth of Maize Grown in Alkaline Soil

Öz

The importance of sustainable approaches to enhancing agricultural productivity is growing increasingly. In this context, the use of biochar as both a carbon sequestrant and a soil conditioner stands out as a notable application for soil health. In this study, the effects of pruning residue biochar enriched with micronutrients on the growth and mineral content of maize grown in alkaline soil were investigated under greenhouse conditions. The biochar was enriched using FeSO₄.7H₂O, ZnSO₄.7H₂O, and MnSO₄.H₂O solutions. The treatments included a control, only biochar (BK), and combinations of biochar enriched with micronutrients (BK+Fe, BK+Zn, BK+Mn, BK+Fe+Zn, BK+Fe+Mn, BK+Zn+Mn, BK+Fe+Zn+Mn). According to the results, the plant nitrogen (N) concentration ranged between 9.14-12.2 g kg⁻¹, with the highest N concentration observed in the BK+Fe+Zn treatment. Fresh plant weights ranged from 145 to 181 g pot⁻¹, while dry weights varied between 21.6 and 26.1 g pot⁻¹. Biochar enriched with iron (BK+Fe) provided the most favorable results in terms of plant height and stem diameter parameters. When examining the uptake of micronutrients, plant Fe concentrations ranged from 68.1 to 116 mg kg⁻¹, and Zn concentrations ranged from 56.6 to 164 mg kg⁻¹. The highest Zn concentration was obtained with the BK+Zn treatment, while Mn concentration reached its highest level with the BK+Fe+Zn+Mn combination. The BK+Fe treatment proved to be the most effective in terms of maize growth and micronutrient uptake. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that biochar enrichment with micronutrients should be tested under different plant, raw material, and climate conditions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

zinc, iron, manganase, maize, modified biochar, enrichment

Kaynakça

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