Covid-19 Pandemisinde Görevli Sağlık Çalışanlarında Anksiyete ve Depresyonun Bruksizm Üzerine Olan Etkisi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 78 - 84, 25.08.2021

Başak Çiğdem , Cansın Medin Merve Korkmaz , Tuğba Şahbaz

https://doi.org/10.46332/aemj.787182

Öz

Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19), pandemik düzeyde olarak ortaya çıkan bulaşıcı bir hastalıktır. COVID-19 hastalarını tedavi eden sağlık uzmanları, ülkenin sağlık ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için uzun mesai sürelerinde ve yüksek enfeksiyon riskine maruz kalarak çalışmaktadır. Bu durum, uzun süreli strese neden olabilir. Bu çalışmada pandemide görev alan sağlık çalışanlarında bruksizm, anksiyete ve depresyon sıklığını ve birbirleriyle ilişkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.

Araçlar ve Yöntem: Çalışmamız, çevrimiçi kanallar aracılığıyla yürütülen kesitsel bir anket çalışmasıdır. Türkiye'de COVID-19 hastalarına bakmakta olan sağlık çalışanları online kanalllar yolu ile, Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği, demografik ek bilgiler ve bruksizm sıklığını değerlendiren kendi kendine uygulanan bir ankete katılmaya davet edildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmamıza dört yüz yirmi bir sağlık çalışanı dahil edildi. Ortalama yaş 32.8 ± 7.06 idi. Pandemi süreci öncesinde şikayeti olmayan 263 kişiden 57'si bu dönemde ilk kez bruksizm geliştiğini ve 32 kişi ise gece uykuda bruksizm şikayetinin başladığını belirttiler. Anksiyete ve depresyon değerlendirmelerinde kadınların erkeklere göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek anksiyete ve depresyon puanları vardı (p <0.001). Meslek itibarıyla en yüksek anksiyete (% 72.4) ve depresyon (% 63.8) oranı yardımcı sağlık personelindeydi.

Sonuç: Pandemide çalışmak, sağlık çalışanlarının fiziksel sağlığını olduğu kadar mental sağlığını da etkiler. Türk sağlık çalışanlarında bruksizm, pandemi sırasında anksiyete ve depresyondaki artışa paralel olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bruksizm, Covid-19, Sağlık Çalışanları

The Effect of Anxiety and Depression on Bruxism Among Healthcare Workers During The Covid-19 Pandemic

Öz

Purpose: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease of pandemic proportions. Healthcare professionals who treat COVID-19 patients are exposed to a high risk of infection and long work shifts to meet the country’s health needs. This situation can lead to prolonged exposure to stress. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of bruxism, anxiety and depression and their relationships with each other.

Materials and Methods: Our study is a cross-sectional survey study conducted through online channels. Health care workers in Turkey who were caring for patients with COVID-19 were invited to participate with a self-administered questionnaire to evaluate the frequency of bruxism, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale that was analyzed as global scoring, anxiety and depression sub-scale in addition to information on demographic characteristics.

Results: Four hundred and twenty-one healthcare professionals were included in our study. The average age was 32.8 ± 7.06. Of the 263 people who did not have complaints before the pandemic process, 57 stated that they had suffered bruxism, and 32 stated that they had a sleep bruxism complaint at night for the first time. In anxiety and depression evaluations, women had significantly higher anxiety and depression scores compared to men (p<0.001). By profession, the highest anxiety (72.4%) and depression (63.8%) rates were in the auxiliary healthcare personnel.

Conclusion: Working in pandemic affects health workers’ physical health as well as mentally like bruxism. It appears in parallel with the increase of anxiety and depression in Turkish health workers during pandemic.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bruxism, COVID-19, healthcare workers

Kaynakça

• 1. World Health Organization (WHO) https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/events-asthey-happen. Access date: 15 June, 2020.
• 2. Li Q, Guan X, Wu P et al. Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia. N Engl J Med 2020;382(13):1199–1207.
• 3. COVID-19: too little, too late? Lancet. 2020;395(10226):755.
• 4. Day M. Covid-19: surge in cases in Italy and South Korea makes pandemic look more likely. BMJ 2020;368:751-751.
• 5. World Health Organization (WHO), WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. https://covid19.who.int/ Access date: 05 June, 2020.
• 6. World Health Organization (WHO), WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Country Turkey. https://covid19.who.int/ region/euro/country/tr. Access date: 15 June, 2020.
• 7. Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(18):1708-1720.
• 8. Zhou P, Yang XL, Wang XG et al. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature 2020;579(7798):270–273.
• 9. Wang M, Cao R, Zhang L et al. Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV] in vitro. Cell Res 2020;30(3):269–271.
• 10. TC Saglik Bakanliği, COVID-19 Rehberi. https://covid19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/depo/rehberler/COVID-19_Rehberi.pdf Access date: 15 June, 2020.
• 11. Kang L, Ma S, Chen M, Yang J, Wang Y, Li R, et al. Impact on mental health and perceptions of psychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak: A cross-sectional study. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;87:11-17.
• 12. Fava GA, McEwen BS, Guidi J, Gostoli S, Offidani E, Sonino N. Clinical characterization of allostatic overload. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2019;108:94-101.
• 13. Tan BYQ, Chew NWS, Lee GKH et al. Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Care Workers in Singapore. Ann Intern Med. 2020;173(4):317-320.
• 14. Zhang WR, Wang K, Yin L et al. Mental Health and Psychosocial Problems of Medical Health Workers during the COVID-19 Epidemic in China. Psychother Psychosom. 2020;89(4):242-250.
• 15. Lobbezoo F, Ahlberg J, Raphael KG, et al. International consensus on the assessment of bruxism: Report of a work in progress. J Oral Rehabil. 2018;45(11):837-844.
• 16. Goldstein RE, Auclair Clark W. The clinical management of awake bruxism. J Am Dent Assoc. 2017;148(6):387-391.
• 17. Guo H, Wang T, Niu X, Wang H, Yang W, Qiu J, et al. The risk factors related to bruxism in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Oral Biol. 2018;86:18–34.
• 18. Sener S, Karabekiroğlu S, Ünlü N. Assessment of bruxism awareness and related various factors in young adults. Cumhuriyet Dent J. 2014;17(4):361-371.
• 19. Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67(6):361-370.
• 20. Aydemir O. Reliability and Validity of the Turkish version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 1997;8(4):280-287.
• 21. Arya R. Antonisamy B, Kumar S. Sample Size Estimation in Prevalence Studies. Indian J Pediatr. 2012;79(11):1482–1488.
• 22. Przystańska A, Jasielska A, Ziarko M et al. Psychosocial Predictors of Bruxism. Biomed Res Int. 2019;2019:1-9.
• 23. Cavallo P, Carpinelli L, Savarese G. Perceived stress and bruxism in university students. BMC Res Notes 2016;9(1):1-6.
• 24. Marín M, Rodríguez Y, Gamboa E, et al. Level of work stress and factors associated with bruxism in the military crew of the Peruvian Air Force. Med J Armed Forces India. 2019;75(3):297-302.
• 25. Emodi Perelman A, Eli I, Rubin PF, et al. Occupation as a potential contributing factor for temporomandibular disorders, bruxism, and cervical muscle pain: a controlled comparative study. Eur J Oral Sci. 2015;123(5):356-361.
• 26. Rao SK, Bhat M, David J. Work, stress and diurnal bruxism:a pilot study among information technology professionals in the city of Bangalore, India. Int J Dentistry. 2011;2011(1):1-5.
• 27. Shetty S, Pitti V, Satish Babu CL, et al. Bruxism: A Literature Review. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2010;10(3):141-148.
• 28. Nakata A, Takahashi M, Ikeda T, et al. Perceived psychosocial job stress and sleep bruxism among male and female workers. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2008;36(3):201-209.