Araştırma Makalesi
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Determination of Some Antibiotic Residues in Rainbow Trouts (Oncorhynchus Mykıss – Walbaum 1792)

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 3, 5 - 17, 31.03.2022

Öz

In this study, a total of 120 pieces of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss – Walbaum 1792), that 20 samples apiece taken in three different periods from the 3 different trout farms, production in Ankara region and 3 different farms in İzmir Region, were analyzed for oxytetracyclin residues by Charm II Test and enrofloxacin residues by Ridascreen ELISA Test as qualitative. As a result of analysis, oxytetracyclin residue was not determined.
In consequence of enrofloxacin residue analysis, the test result was positive only in 2 samples taken from the same farm in the same period out of 120 samples. Enrofloxacin remains of this 2 sample were analyzed by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) to verify the existence and amount for determination. HPLC detected in samples as a result the amount of enrofloxacin were exceeded the maximum residue limits.
Which results is deemed to be suitable for reported values of “Maximum Residue Limits of Veterinary Drugs in Foods of Animal Origin Communique”. It was concluded that, national residue monitoring programs furtherr effect and the sales and use of antimicrobials were controlled sustainability by the experts.

Kaynakça

  • Anonim. (2002a). Veterinary residues committee statutory and non-statutory residue surveillance in 2000. Statutory Residue Surveillance. The United Kingdom’s statutory. Erişim adresi (15 Şubat 2006): www.noah.co.uk
  • Anonim. (2002b). Charm II Test for Tetracyclines in Tissue, Serum and Urine, Operators Manuel. Charm Sciences Inc.
  • Anonim. (2003). Status of Irish Aquaculture 2003. Erişim adresi (12 Ocak 2006): www.marine.ie/
  • Anonim. (2005). Report on a survey of chemical residues in domestic and imported aquacultured fish. Food standarts Australia New Zealand. Erişim adresi (25 Ocak 2006): http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/
  • Anonim. (2006). Canlı hayvan ve hayvansal ürünlerde kalıntı izleme sonuçları-2006. Koruma Kontrol Genel Müdürlüğü.
  • Anonim. (2007). Ridascreen ®Enro/Cipro, Enzyme İmmunoassay for the Quantitative Analysis of Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin. Art. No: R3111. R-Biopharm AG.
  • Belitz, H. D., Grosch, W. ve Schieberle, P. (2009). Food Chemistry (1070 p.). 4th Edition. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
  • Bermudez-Almada, M. C., Perez-Tello, M. G., Valenzuela-Quintanar, A. I. ve Vazquez-Moreno, L. (1999). Oxytetracycline Residues in Cultured White Shrimp Tissue by HPLC and a Microbial Receptor Assay. Journal of Food Science, 64(4), 638–640. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1999.tb15100.x
  • Björklund, H. V., Raberg, C. M. ve Bylund, G. (1991). Residues of oxolinic acid and oxytetracycline in fish and sediments from fish farms. Aquaculture, 97, 85-96.
  • Capone, D. G., Weston, D. P., Miller, V. ve Shoemaker, C. (1996). Antibacterial residues in marine sediments and invertebrates following chemotherapy in aquaculture. Aquaculture, 145(1-4), 55–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(96)01330-0
  • Food and Agriculture Organization. (FAO). (1997). GESAMP (IMO/FAO/UNESCO-IOC/WMO/WHO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection). Towards safe and effective use of chemicals in coastal aquaculture (Reports and Studies, GESAMP. No. 65). FAO: Rome. Erişim adresi: http://www.gesamp.org/publications/towards-safe-and-effective-use-of-chemical-in-coastal-aquaculture
  • Food and Agriculture Organization. (FAO). (2006). Protecting the food chain. Agriculture. Erişim adresi (21 Ekim 2009): http://ftp.fao.org/fi/stat/summary/summ_06/Guidi LR, Santos FA, Ribeiro A, Fernandes C, Silva LHM, Gloria MBA (2018) Quinolones and tetracyclines in aquaculture fish by a simple and rapid LC-MS/MS method. Food Chemistry, 245, 1232–1238.
  • Han, Y., Zhan, T., Zhao, Q., Tang, C., Zhang, K., Han, Y. ve Zhang, J. (2020). Effects of mixed organic acids and medium chain fatty acids as antibiotic alternatives on the performance, serum immunity, and intestinal health of weaned piglets orally challenged with Escherichia coli K88, Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 269, 114617
  • Hansen, P. K., Lunestad, B. T. ve Samuelsen, O. B. (1992). Effects of oxytetracycline, oxolinic acid, and flumequine on bacteria in an artificial marine fish farm sediment. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 38(12), 1307–1312. https://doi.org/10.1139/m92-215
  • Himmelsbach, M. ve Buchberger, W. (2005). Residue Analysis of Oxytetracycline in Water and Sediment Samples by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Immunochemical Techniques. Microchimica Acta, 151(1-2), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-005-0372-1
  • Huss, H. H. (1988). Fresh Fish Quality and Quality Changes (FAO Fisheries Series, No. 29). FAO: Rome.
  • Huss, H. H. (1995). Fresh Fish Quality and Quality Changes in Fresh Fish (FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, No. 334). FAO: Rome.
  • Inglis, V. (2000). Antibacterial chemotherapy in aquaculture: review of practice, associated risks and need for action. In Report and proceedings of the SEAFDEC/FAO/CIDA meeting on the use of chemicals in aquaculture in Asia, 20-22 May 1996, Iloilo, Philippines. Iloilo, Philippines, Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center. p: 7-22.
  • Katya, K., Park, G., Bharadwaj, A. S., Browdy, C. L., Vazquez-Anon, M. ve Bai, S. C. (2018). Organic acids blend as dietary antibiotic replacer in marine fish olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Aquaculture Research, 49(8), 2861–2868. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.13749
  • Liu, X., Steele, J. C. ve Meng, X. -Z. (2017). Usage, residue, and human health risk of antibiotics in Chinese aquaculture: A review. Environmental Pollution, 223, 161–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.003
  • Lulijwa, R., Rupia, E. J. ve Alfaro, A. C. (2019). Antibiotic use in aquaculture, policies and regulation, health and environmental risks: a review of the top 15 major producers. Reviews in Aquaculture, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12344
  • Murray, J., McGill, A. S. ve Hardy, R. (1988). Development of a method for the determination of oxytetracycline in trout. Food Additives and Contaminants, 5(1), 77–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/02652038809373665
  • Primavera, J. H. (1993). A critical review of shrimp pond culture in the Philippines. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 1(2), 151–201. https://doi.org/10.1080/10641269309388539
  • Ramos, M., Aranda, A., Garcia, E., Reuvers, T. ve Hooghuis, H. (2003). Simple and sensitive determination of five quinolones in food by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Journal of Chromatography B, 789(2), 373–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1570-0232(03)00212-5
  • Samuelsen, O. B., Solheim, E. ve Lunestad, B. T. (1991). Fate and microbiological effects of furazolidone in a marine aquaculture sediment. Science of The Total Environment, 108(3), 275–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(91)90364-k
  • Samuelsen, O. B., Lunestad, B. T., Husevåg, B., Hølleland, T. ve Ervik, A. (1992). Residues of oxolinic acid in wild fauna following medication in fish farms. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 12, 111-119. http://doi.org/10.3354/dao012111
  • Samuelsen, O. B., Lunestad, B. T., Ervik, A. ve Fjelde, S. (1994). Stability of antibacterial agents in an artificial marine aquaculture sediment studied under laboratory conditions. Aquaculture, 126(3-4), 283–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(94)90044-2
  • Šinigoj-Gačnik, K., Cerkvenik-Flajs, V. ve Vadnjal, S. (2005). Evidence of Veterinary Drug Residues in Slovenian Freshwater Fish. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 75(1), 109–114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-005-0725-9
  • Smith, P. (1996). Is sediment deposition the dominant fate of oxytetracycline used in marine salmonid farms: a review of available evidence. Aquaculture, 146(3-4), 157–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0044-8486(96)01382-8
  • Somjetlertcharoen, A. (2001). Evaluation of ceftiofur sodium as a chemotherapeutic agent in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) (PhD Thesis). Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia.
  • Subasinghe, R. P., Barg, U. ve Tacon, A. (2000). Chemicals in Asian aquaculture: need, usage, issues and challenges. In Use of Chemicals in Aquaculture in Asia: Proceedings of the Meeting on the Use of Chemicals in Aquaculture in Asia 20-22 May 1996, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines (pp. 1-5). Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center.
  • Thiang, E. L., Lee, C. W., Takada, H., Seki, K., Takei, A., Suzuki, S., Wang, A. ve Bong, C. W. (2021). Antibiotic residues from aquaculture farms and their ecological risks in Southeast Asia: a case study from Malaysia. Ecosystem Health and Sustainability, 7(1), 1926337. https://doi.org/10.1080/20964129.2021.1926337
  • Toldra, F. ve Reig, M. (2006). Methods for rapid detection of chemical and veterinary drug residues in animal foods. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 17(9), 482–489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2006.02.002
  • Ueno, R., Sangrungruang, K. ve Miyakawa, M. (1999). A simplified method for the determination of several fish drugs in edible fish and shrimp by high-performance liquid chromatography. Food Research International, 32(9), 629–633. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0963-9969(99)00136-2
  • World Health Organization. (WHO). (1999). Food safety issues associated with products from aquaculture: report of a joint FAO/NACA/WHO study group (Technical Series No. 883). WHO: Geneva.

Gökkuşağı Alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus Mykiss – Walbaum 1792) Bazı Antibiyotik Kalıntılarının Saptanması

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 3, 5 - 17, 31.03.2022

Öz

Ankara bölgesinde üretim yapan üç ve İzmir bölgesinde üretim yapan üç farklı alabalık çiftliğinden 20’şer adet olmak üzere toplam 120 adet Gökkuşağı Alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) üç farklı dönemde alınarak, oksitetrasiklin kalıntıları Charm II Test ve enrofloksasin kalıntıları Ridascreen Elisa Test ile kalitatif olarak analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda oksitetrasiklin kalıntısına rastlanmamıştır.
Enrofloksasin kalıntı analizleri sonucunda; 120 numuneden, sadece aynı dönemde aynı çiftlikten alınan 2 numunede test sonucu pozitif bulunmuştur. Enrofloksasin kalıntısı tespit edilen bu 2 numune kalıntı varlığını doğrulamak ve miktar tayini için HPLC ile tekrar analiz edilmiştir. HPLC sonucunda örneklerde saptanan enrofloksasin miktarının maksimum kalıntı limitlerini aştığı tespit edilmiştir.
Bulunan sonuçların “Hayvansal Kökenli Gıdalarda Veteriner İlaçları Maksimum Kalıntı Limitleri Tebliği’’nde bildirilen değerlere uygun olduğu görülmüştür. Ulusal kalıntı izleme programlarının daha da etkinleşmesi ve antimikrobiyellerin satış ve kullanımının uzmanlar tarafından denetiminin sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanması sonucuna varılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Anonim. (2002a). Veterinary residues committee statutory and non-statutory residue surveillance in 2000. Statutory Residue Surveillance. The United Kingdom’s statutory. Erişim adresi (15 Şubat 2006): www.noah.co.uk
  • Anonim. (2002b). Charm II Test for Tetracyclines in Tissue, Serum and Urine, Operators Manuel. Charm Sciences Inc.
  • Anonim. (2003). Status of Irish Aquaculture 2003. Erişim adresi (12 Ocak 2006): www.marine.ie/
  • Anonim. (2005). Report on a survey of chemical residues in domestic and imported aquacultured fish. Food standarts Australia New Zealand. Erişim adresi (25 Ocak 2006): http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/
  • Anonim. (2006). Canlı hayvan ve hayvansal ürünlerde kalıntı izleme sonuçları-2006. Koruma Kontrol Genel Müdürlüğü.
  • Anonim. (2007). Ridascreen ®Enro/Cipro, Enzyme İmmunoassay for the Quantitative Analysis of Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin. Art. No: R3111. R-Biopharm AG.
  • Belitz, H. D., Grosch, W. ve Schieberle, P. (2009). Food Chemistry (1070 p.). 4th Edition. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
  • Bermudez-Almada, M. C., Perez-Tello, M. G., Valenzuela-Quintanar, A. I. ve Vazquez-Moreno, L. (1999). Oxytetracycline Residues in Cultured White Shrimp Tissue by HPLC and a Microbial Receptor Assay. Journal of Food Science, 64(4), 638–640. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1999.tb15100.x
  • Björklund, H. V., Raberg, C. M. ve Bylund, G. (1991). Residues of oxolinic acid and oxytetracycline in fish and sediments from fish farms. Aquaculture, 97, 85-96.
  • Capone, D. G., Weston, D. P., Miller, V. ve Shoemaker, C. (1996). Antibacterial residues in marine sediments and invertebrates following chemotherapy in aquaculture. Aquaculture, 145(1-4), 55–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(96)01330-0
  • Food and Agriculture Organization. (FAO). (1997). GESAMP (IMO/FAO/UNESCO-IOC/WMO/WHO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection). Towards safe and effective use of chemicals in coastal aquaculture (Reports and Studies, GESAMP. No. 65). FAO: Rome. Erişim adresi: http://www.gesamp.org/publications/towards-safe-and-effective-use-of-chemical-in-coastal-aquaculture
  • Food and Agriculture Organization. (FAO). (2006). Protecting the food chain. Agriculture. Erişim adresi (21 Ekim 2009): http://ftp.fao.org/fi/stat/summary/summ_06/Guidi LR, Santos FA, Ribeiro A, Fernandes C, Silva LHM, Gloria MBA (2018) Quinolones and tetracyclines in aquaculture fish by a simple and rapid LC-MS/MS method. Food Chemistry, 245, 1232–1238.
  • Han, Y., Zhan, T., Zhao, Q., Tang, C., Zhang, K., Han, Y. ve Zhang, J. (2020). Effects of mixed organic acids and medium chain fatty acids as antibiotic alternatives on the performance, serum immunity, and intestinal health of weaned piglets orally challenged with Escherichia coli K88, Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 269, 114617
  • Hansen, P. K., Lunestad, B. T. ve Samuelsen, O. B. (1992). Effects of oxytetracycline, oxolinic acid, and flumequine on bacteria in an artificial marine fish farm sediment. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 38(12), 1307–1312. https://doi.org/10.1139/m92-215
  • Himmelsbach, M. ve Buchberger, W. (2005). Residue Analysis of Oxytetracycline in Water and Sediment Samples by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Immunochemical Techniques. Microchimica Acta, 151(1-2), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-005-0372-1
  • Huss, H. H. (1988). Fresh Fish Quality and Quality Changes (FAO Fisheries Series, No. 29). FAO: Rome.
  • Huss, H. H. (1995). Fresh Fish Quality and Quality Changes in Fresh Fish (FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, No. 334). FAO: Rome.
  • Inglis, V. (2000). Antibacterial chemotherapy in aquaculture: review of practice, associated risks and need for action. In Report and proceedings of the SEAFDEC/FAO/CIDA meeting on the use of chemicals in aquaculture in Asia, 20-22 May 1996, Iloilo, Philippines. Iloilo, Philippines, Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center. p: 7-22.
  • Katya, K., Park, G., Bharadwaj, A. S., Browdy, C. L., Vazquez-Anon, M. ve Bai, S. C. (2018). Organic acids blend as dietary antibiotic replacer in marine fish olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Aquaculture Research, 49(8), 2861–2868. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.13749
  • Liu, X., Steele, J. C. ve Meng, X. -Z. (2017). Usage, residue, and human health risk of antibiotics in Chinese aquaculture: A review. Environmental Pollution, 223, 161–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.003
  • Lulijwa, R., Rupia, E. J. ve Alfaro, A. C. (2019). Antibiotic use in aquaculture, policies and regulation, health and environmental risks: a review of the top 15 major producers. Reviews in Aquaculture, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12344
  • Murray, J., McGill, A. S. ve Hardy, R. (1988). Development of a method for the determination of oxytetracycline in trout. Food Additives and Contaminants, 5(1), 77–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/02652038809373665
  • Primavera, J. H. (1993). A critical review of shrimp pond culture in the Philippines. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 1(2), 151–201. https://doi.org/10.1080/10641269309388539
  • Ramos, M., Aranda, A., Garcia, E., Reuvers, T. ve Hooghuis, H. (2003). Simple and sensitive determination of five quinolones in food by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Journal of Chromatography B, 789(2), 373–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1570-0232(03)00212-5
  • Samuelsen, O. B., Solheim, E. ve Lunestad, B. T. (1991). Fate and microbiological effects of furazolidone in a marine aquaculture sediment. Science of The Total Environment, 108(3), 275–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(91)90364-k
  • Samuelsen, O. B., Lunestad, B. T., Husevåg, B., Hølleland, T. ve Ervik, A. (1992). Residues of oxolinic acid in wild fauna following medication in fish farms. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 12, 111-119. http://doi.org/10.3354/dao012111
  • Samuelsen, O. B., Lunestad, B. T., Ervik, A. ve Fjelde, S. (1994). Stability of antibacterial agents in an artificial marine aquaculture sediment studied under laboratory conditions. Aquaculture, 126(3-4), 283–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(94)90044-2
  • Šinigoj-Gačnik, K., Cerkvenik-Flajs, V. ve Vadnjal, S. (2005). Evidence of Veterinary Drug Residues in Slovenian Freshwater Fish. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 75(1), 109–114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-005-0725-9
  • Smith, P. (1996). Is sediment deposition the dominant fate of oxytetracycline used in marine salmonid farms: a review of available evidence. Aquaculture, 146(3-4), 157–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0044-8486(96)01382-8
  • Somjetlertcharoen, A. (2001). Evaluation of ceftiofur sodium as a chemotherapeutic agent in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) (PhD Thesis). Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia.
  • Subasinghe, R. P., Barg, U. ve Tacon, A. (2000). Chemicals in Asian aquaculture: need, usage, issues and challenges. In Use of Chemicals in Aquaculture in Asia: Proceedings of the Meeting on the Use of Chemicals in Aquaculture in Asia 20-22 May 1996, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines (pp. 1-5). Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center.
  • Thiang, E. L., Lee, C. W., Takada, H., Seki, K., Takei, A., Suzuki, S., Wang, A. ve Bong, C. W. (2021). Antibiotic residues from aquaculture farms and their ecological risks in Southeast Asia: a case study from Malaysia. Ecosystem Health and Sustainability, 7(1), 1926337. https://doi.org/10.1080/20964129.2021.1926337
  • Toldra, F. ve Reig, M. (2006). Methods for rapid detection of chemical and veterinary drug residues in animal foods. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 17(9), 482–489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2006.02.002
  • Ueno, R., Sangrungruang, K. ve Miyakawa, M. (1999). A simplified method for the determination of several fish drugs in edible fish and shrimp by high-performance liquid chromatography. Food Research International, 32(9), 629–633. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0963-9969(99)00136-2
  • World Health Organization. (WHO). (1999). Food safety issues associated with products from aquaculture: report of a joint FAO/NACA/WHO study group (Technical Series No. 883). WHO: Geneva.
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Veteriner Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Evren Özdemir Kocabaş 0000-0003-4887-8886

T. Halûk Çelik 0000-0003-4856-334X

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 21 Mart 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Ocak 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Özdemir Kocabaş, E., & Çelik, T. H. (2022). Gökkuşağı Alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus Mykiss – Walbaum 1792) Bazı Antibiyotik Kalıntılarının Saptanması. Akademik Et Ve Süt Kurumu Dergisi(3), 5-17.