Araştırma Makalesi
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Kriz Haberciliği ve Duygu Analizi: 6 Şubat Depremleri Üzerine X İncelemesi

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1 , 340 - 356 , 31.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.31592/aeusbed.1754720
https://izlik.org/JA94JU22GG

Öz

Bu makale, 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde meydana gelen depremlerin ardından X’te dijital kamusal alanda oluşan duygusal söylemleri ve haber içeriklerine yapılan kullanıcı yorumlarını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Toplumsal kriz anlarında sosyal medya, yalnızca bilgi akışını sağlamakla kalmayıp; aynı zamanda bireylerin duygusal tepkilerini ifade ettikleri, kolektif hafıza inşa ettikleri ve kamusal söyleme katıldıkları bir alan işlevi görmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışma, hem dijital habercilik pratiklerini hem de haberin toplumsal işlevlerini kriz iletişimi perspektifiyle ele almaktadır. Araştırmada metin madenciliği ve kelime tabanlı duygu analizi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. X API aracılığıyla toplanan ve 6-20 Şubat 2023 tarihleri arasındaki iki haftalık döneme ait 3.102 Türkçe haber yorumu analiz edilmiştir. Veriler olumlu, olumsuz ve nötr kategorilerine ayrılarak içerik temaları, kelime frekansları ve duygusal yönelimler ortaya konmuştur. Bulgular, yorumların %42,9’unun pozitif, %22,8’inin negatif ve %34,3’ünün nötr olduğunu göstermektedir. Pozitif içeriklerde yardım, umut ve dayanışma; negatif içeriklerde ise eleştiri, kayıp ve güvensizlik temaları öne çıkmıştır. Nötr içerikler ise bilgi verme ve gözleme dayalıdır.

Kaynakça

  • Alexander, D. E. (2014). Social media in disaster risk reduction and crisis management. Science and Engineering Ethics, 20(3), 717–733. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-013-9502-z
  • Bennett, L. W., and Livingston, S. (2003). The tension between journalistic autonomy and political influence in news coverage of crises. Journalism Studies, 4(3), 305-320. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670032000082873
  • Bruns, A., and Highfield, T. (2016). Is habermas on twitter? Social media and the public sphere. In A. Bruns, G. Enli, E. Skogerbø, A. Larsson, and C. Christensen (Eds.), The Routledge companion to social media and politics, 56–73. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315716294
  • Cambria, E., Schuller, B., Xia, Y., and Havasi, C. (2013). New avenues in opinion mining and sentiment analysis. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 28(2), 15-21. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIS.2013.30 Demir, M. (6). 06 Şubat kahramanmaraş merkezli depremler sonrasında sosyal medya kullanımının yansımaları. Türk Deprem Araştırma Dergisi, 5(2), 248-269. https://doi.org/10.46464/tdad.1334129
  • Fenton, N. (2010). New media, old news: journalism and democracy in the digital age. Sage Publications.
  • Habermas, J. (2014). Kamusal alanın yapısal dönüşümü: toplumsal bir soruşturma (Çev. T. Bora). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
  • Hermida, A. (2010). Twittering the news: the emergence of ambient journalism. Journalism Practice, 4(3), 297-308. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512781003640703
  • Kowsari, K., Jafari Meimandi, K., Heidarysafa, M., Mendu, S., Barnes, L., and Brown, D. (2019). Text classification algorithms: a survey. Information, 10(4), 150. https://doi.org/10.3390/info10040150
  • Lachlan, K. A., Spence, P. R., Lin, X., Najarian, K., and Del Greco, M. (2014). Social media and crisis management: CERC, search strategies, and twitter content. Computers in Human Behavior, (35), 554–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.02.043
  • Meraz, S., and Papacharissi, Z. (2013). Networked self and the role of social media in the time of crisis. Media, Culture and Society, 35(3), 345-359. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443713480409
  • McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail's mass communication theory (6th ed.). SAGE Publications.
  • Murthy, D., and Longwell, S. A. (2013). Twitter and disasters: the uses of twitter during the 2010 Pakistan floods. Information, Communication and Society, 16(6), 837–855. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2012.696123
  • Özyer, S. T. (2023). Teknolojik ürün inceleme veri akışında twitter duyarlılık analizi. Dicle Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Mühendislik Dergisi, 14(4), 621-627. https://doi.org/10.24012/dumf.1342578
  • Pak, A., and Paroubek, P. (2010). Twitter as a corpus for sentiment analysis and opinion mining. International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, Malta.
  • Pang, B., and Lee, L. (2008). Opinion mining and sentiment analysis. Foundations and Trends® in information retrieval, 2(1–2), 1-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/1500000011
  • Pantti, M. (2010). Emotion, media and crisis communication. European Journal of Communication, 25(3), 271-285. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323110363654
  • Papacharissi, Z. (2015). Affective publics: sentiment, technology, and politics. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199999736.001.0001
  • Taboada, M., Brooke, J., Tofiloski, M., Voll, K., and Stede, M. (2011). Lexicon-based methods for sentiment analysis. Computational linguistics, 37(2), 267-307. https://doi.org/10.1162/COLI_a_00049
  • Tenenboim, O., and Cohen, A. A. (2015). What prompts users to click and comment: a longitudinal study of online news. Journalism, 16(2), 198–217. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884913513996
  • Yıldırım, F.E. (2023). 6 şubat 2023 depreminde türkiye'de twitter’ın kullanımı. Intermedia International E-Journal, 10(19), 276-292. https://doi.org/10.56133/intermedia.1354699
  • Yin, J., Lampert, A., Cameron, M., Robinson, B., and Power, R. (2012). Using social media to enhance emergency situation awareness. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 27(6), 52–59. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIS.2012.6
  • Yoldaş, İ. N. (2021). Türkçe metinlerde duygu analizi: sözlük tabanlı yaklaşım ve insanların tepkilerinin karşılaştırılması. Eskişehir Türk Dünyası Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi Bilişim Dergisi, 2(1), 1-6.
  • Yun-tao, Z., Ling, G., and Yong-cheng, W. (2005). An improved TF-IDF approach for text classification. Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A, 6(1), 49-55. https://doi.org/10.1631/BF02842477
  • Wahl-Jorgensen, K. (2019). Emotions, media and politics. Polity Press.

Crisis Journalism and Digital Emotion Transmission During Disasters: A Sentiment Analysis of the X Platform in the Context of the February 6 Earthquakes

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1 , 340 - 356 , 31.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.31592/aeusbed.1754720
https://izlik.org/JA94JU22GG

Öz

This study aims to examine the emotional discourse and user comments on news content that emerged in the digital public sphere platform X following the earthquakes on February 6, 2023. In times of social crisis, social media functions not only as a means of information flow but also as a space where individuals express emotional reactions, contribute to the construction of collective memory, and participate in public discourse. Within this framework, the study addresses both digital journalism practices and the societal functions of news from a crisis communication perspective. Using text mining and lexicon-based sentiment analysis methods, 3,102 Turkish-language comments on news posts shared between February 6-20, 2023, were collected via the X API and systematically analyzed. The comments were categorized as positive, negative, or neutral, and analyzed in terms of thematic content, word frequencies, and emotional orientation. Findings indicate that 42.9% of the comments were positive, 22.8% negative, and 34.3% neutral. While positive comments emphasized themes such as aid, hope, and solidarity, negative comments reflected criticism, loss, and distrust. Neutral comments were mostly focused on information sharing and observation.

Kaynakça

  • Alexander, D. E. (2014). Social media in disaster risk reduction and crisis management. Science and Engineering Ethics, 20(3), 717–733. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-013-9502-z
  • Bennett, L. W., and Livingston, S. (2003). The tension between journalistic autonomy and political influence in news coverage of crises. Journalism Studies, 4(3), 305-320. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670032000082873
  • Bruns, A., and Highfield, T. (2016). Is habermas on twitter? Social media and the public sphere. In A. Bruns, G. Enli, E. Skogerbø, A. Larsson, and C. Christensen (Eds.), The Routledge companion to social media and politics, 56–73. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315716294
  • Cambria, E., Schuller, B., Xia, Y., and Havasi, C. (2013). New avenues in opinion mining and sentiment analysis. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 28(2), 15-21. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIS.2013.30 Demir, M. (6). 06 Şubat kahramanmaraş merkezli depremler sonrasında sosyal medya kullanımının yansımaları. Türk Deprem Araştırma Dergisi, 5(2), 248-269. https://doi.org/10.46464/tdad.1334129
  • Fenton, N. (2010). New media, old news: journalism and democracy in the digital age. Sage Publications.
  • Habermas, J. (2014). Kamusal alanın yapısal dönüşümü: toplumsal bir soruşturma (Çev. T. Bora). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
  • Hermida, A. (2010). Twittering the news: the emergence of ambient journalism. Journalism Practice, 4(3), 297-308. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512781003640703
  • Kowsari, K., Jafari Meimandi, K., Heidarysafa, M., Mendu, S., Barnes, L., and Brown, D. (2019). Text classification algorithms: a survey. Information, 10(4), 150. https://doi.org/10.3390/info10040150
  • Lachlan, K. A., Spence, P. R., Lin, X., Najarian, K., and Del Greco, M. (2014). Social media and crisis management: CERC, search strategies, and twitter content. Computers in Human Behavior, (35), 554–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.02.043
  • Meraz, S., and Papacharissi, Z. (2013). Networked self and the role of social media in the time of crisis. Media, Culture and Society, 35(3), 345-359. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443713480409
  • McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail's mass communication theory (6th ed.). SAGE Publications.
  • Murthy, D., and Longwell, S. A. (2013). Twitter and disasters: the uses of twitter during the 2010 Pakistan floods. Information, Communication and Society, 16(6), 837–855. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2012.696123
  • Özyer, S. T. (2023). Teknolojik ürün inceleme veri akışında twitter duyarlılık analizi. Dicle Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Mühendislik Dergisi, 14(4), 621-627. https://doi.org/10.24012/dumf.1342578
  • Pak, A., and Paroubek, P. (2010). Twitter as a corpus for sentiment analysis and opinion mining. International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, Malta.
  • Pang, B., and Lee, L. (2008). Opinion mining and sentiment analysis. Foundations and Trends® in information retrieval, 2(1–2), 1-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/1500000011
  • Pantti, M. (2010). Emotion, media and crisis communication. European Journal of Communication, 25(3), 271-285. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323110363654
  • Papacharissi, Z. (2015). Affective publics: sentiment, technology, and politics. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199999736.001.0001
  • Taboada, M., Brooke, J., Tofiloski, M., Voll, K., and Stede, M. (2011). Lexicon-based methods for sentiment analysis. Computational linguistics, 37(2), 267-307. https://doi.org/10.1162/COLI_a_00049
  • Tenenboim, O., and Cohen, A. A. (2015). What prompts users to click and comment: a longitudinal study of online news. Journalism, 16(2), 198–217. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884913513996
  • Yıldırım, F.E. (2023). 6 şubat 2023 depreminde türkiye'de twitter’ın kullanımı. Intermedia International E-Journal, 10(19), 276-292. https://doi.org/10.56133/intermedia.1354699
  • Yin, J., Lampert, A., Cameron, M., Robinson, B., and Power, R. (2012). Using social media to enhance emergency situation awareness. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 27(6), 52–59. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIS.2012.6
  • Yoldaş, İ. N. (2021). Türkçe metinlerde duygu analizi: sözlük tabanlı yaklaşım ve insanların tepkilerinin karşılaştırılması. Eskişehir Türk Dünyası Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi Bilişim Dergisi, 2(1), 1-6.
  • Yun-tao, Z., Ling, G., and Yong-cheng, W. (2005). An improved TF-IDF approach for text classification. Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A, 6(1), 49-55. https://doi.org/10.1631/BF02842477
  • Wahl-Jorgensen, K. (2019). Emotions, media and politics. Polity Press.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İletişim Sosyolojisi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ayşen Yalman 0000-0003-2280-2824

Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2025
Kabul Tarihi 30 Mart 2026
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.31592/aeusbed.1754720
IZ https://izlik.org/JA94JU22GG
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yalman, A. (2026). Kriz Haberciliği ve Duygu Analizi: 6 Şubat Depremleri Üzerine X İncelemesi. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(1), 340-356. https://doi.org/10.31592/aeusbed.1754720