Çoklu Görevler ile Bilişsel Kontrol Yetisi İlişkisinin Teorik Arka Planda İncelenmesi

Öz

Dijital çağda kişiselleşen teknolojik bilgi iletişim ürünlerinin kullanımı oldukça yaygınlaşmıştır. Bu teknolojik ürünler sundukları çok sayıda bilgi ve fonksiyonlarla bireyleri çoklu görevlere yönlendirmektedir. Medya ürünlerinin eş zamanlı veya geçişler halinde kullanılması, çoklu medya görevi (ÇMG) olarak adlandırılan bir çoklu görev (ÇG) türüdür. Özellikle gençler tarafından sıklıkla kullanılan cihazların bilişsel düzeydeki etkileri hakkındaki çalışmalar daha fazla bilişsel kontrol yetisi üzerine yoğunlaşmış görünmektedir. Bilişsel kontrol, çoklu medya görevlerini sürdürmede elzem bir yeti olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Bilişsel kontrol yetisi ve ÇMG kullanım yoğunluğunu araştıran çalışmalardan elde edilen sonuçlar, genel olarak daha yoğun bir biçimde ÇMG kullanımı bildiren katılımcıların çeşitli bilişsel kontrol ögeleri ile ilgili görevlerde daha az başarılı olduğunu, günlük deneyimlerinin daha olumsuz olduğunu ve beyinde bilişsel kontrol yetisi ile ilgili bölgelerde yapısal değişimler ve farklı aktivasyon örüntülerine sahip olduklarını göstermiştir. Derlemenin amacı laboratuvar, öz bildirim ve beyin görüntüleme çaışmalarından elde edilen sonuçların alan yazında eksik olduğu gözlenen teorik arka plan dâhilinde incelenmesidir. Bu kapsamda, derlenen çalışma sonuçları çoklu görev teori ve hipotezleri çerçevesinde karşılaştırılarak tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• çoklu görev,çoklu medya görevi,bilişsel kontrol,yürütücü işlevler

Examining the Relationship between Multitasking and Cognitive Control Ability on the Theoretical Background

Öz

In the digital age, the use of personalized information and communication technology products has become widespread. These technological products have directed individuals to multitasking with various supplied information and functions. Using media products simultaneously or in transition is a type of multitasking (MT) named as media multitasking (MMT). Especially, the studies of the effects on the cognitive level of devices frequently used by younger people appear focusing mainly on cognitive control ability. Cognitive control is considered as an essential ability in maintaining media multitasking. The results obtained from the researches investigating cognitive control ability and the intensity of MMT usage have shown that participants reporting more intensive usage of MMT in general, are less successful in tasks related to various cognitive control competences, their daily experience is more negative, and they have structural changes in areas related to cognitive control ability and different activation patterns in brain. The aim of this review is to examine the results obtained from the studies of laboratory, self-report and neuroimaging within the theoretical background which is regarded as being a lack in the literature. In this context, compiled results of studies have been compared and discussed in the light of multitasking theories and hypotheses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• : multitasking,media multitasking,cognitive control,executive functions

Kaynakça

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