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Özgürlükçülük (Libertaryanizm) ve Eğitim: Özgürlükçü Eğitimin Temel Varsayımlarına İlişkin Bir Eleştiri

Yıl 2022, , 1 - 20, 29.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.31592/aeusbed.809403

Öz

Özgürlükçülük (libertaryanizm), özellikle 20. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren refah devletlerinin yaşadığı verimlilik sorunlarına çare olarak önerilen iktisadi ve felsefi yaklaşımlardan biridir. Kuramsal tarama modelinde desenlenen bu çalışmanın amacı özgürlükçülüğün eğitime ilişkin varsayımlarını betimlemek ve uygulama sonuçlarından hareketle bu varsayımların geçerliliğini tartışmaktır. Özgürlükçülüğün temel varsayımları, ağırlıklı olarak Hayek ve Friedman’ın çalışmalarına dayalı olarak şekillenmiştir. Özgürlükçülüğün eğitime ilişkin varsayımları ise çoğunlukla Friedman’ın öne sürdüğü devletin eğitime müdahalesini meşrulaştıran gerekçeler etrafında tartışılmaktadır. Bu gerekçelerden ilki etkili bir rekabeti olanaksız kılan yüksek altyapı maliyeti nedeniyle devletin doğal tekele dönüşmesi veya eğitim alanında piyasa aksaklıklarının ortaya çıkmasıdır. İkinci gerekçe komşuluk etkileri gibi dışsallıkların varlığı; üçüncü gerekçe ise eğitimin nihai hedeflerinin belirsizliğiyle ilgilidir. Sonuç olarak, Friedman’ın ortaya koyduğu devletin eğitime müdahalesini meşrulaştıran gerekçeler evrensel niteliklere sahip olmadıkları halde evrensel genellemelere dönüştürülmüştür. Bu genellemelerden hareketle evrensel sorunlara karşı önerdikleri çözümlerin ilk ve ortaöğretim düzeyinde öğrenciler arasındaki mevcut eşitsizliklerin derinleşmesi ve bütçe harcamalarının artması gibi etkilere, yükseköğretim düzeyinde ise ağır insani maliyetlerin yanında devletlerin iktisadi sistemleri için risk teşkil eden borç balonlarının ortaya çıkmasına yol açtığı söylenebilir.

Kaynakça

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Toplam 61 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Tuncer Fidan 0000-0002-9954-1004

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Mart 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 12 Ekim 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

APA Fidan, T. (2022). Özgürlükçülük (Libertaryanizm) ve Eğitim: Özgürlükçü Eğitimin Temel Varsayımlarına İlişkin Bir Eleştiri. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.31592/aeusbed.809403