Araştırma Makalesi
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Öğretmen Adaylarının Bilişsel Esneklik Düzeyleri ile Kültürel Zeka Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 212 - 231, 31.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.31592/aeusbed.803469

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, bilişsel esnekliğin yordanmasında kültürel zekanın ne düzeyde katkıda bulunduğunu belirlemektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören 260 öğretmen adayları Araştırmada veri toplamak amacıyla Dennis ve Vander Wal (2010) tarafından geliştirilip; Sapmaz ve Doğan (2013) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanan Bilişsel Esneklik Envanteri (BEE) ve Ang vd. (2007) geliştirilip, Türkçe’ye uyarlaması İlhan ve Çetin (2014) tarafından yapılan Kültürel Zeka Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler (frekans, yüzde, aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapma) ve çoklu regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada ulaşılan bulgulara göre, öğretmen adaylarının bilişsel esneklik ve kültürel zeka düzeyleri yüksektir. Öğretmen adaylarının üst biliş ve motivasyon puanları bilişsel esneklik düzeyini olumlu yönde etkilerken, biliş ve davranış puanları etkilememektedir. Ayrıca öğretmen adaylarının kültürel zeka toplam puanları, bilişsel esneklik düzeylerini anlamlı olarak yordamaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Alexandra, V., Ehrhart, K. H., & Randel, A. E. (2021). Cultural intelligence, perceived iclusion, and cultural diversity in Workgroups. Personality and Individual Differences, Vol: 168, pp. 1-6.
  • Aliaga, M., & Gunderson, B. (2002). Interactive statistics. Thousand Oaks, Sage Publications: UK.
  • Alon, I., & Higgins, J. H. (2005). Global leadership success through emotional and cultural intelligence. Business Horizons, 48, pp. 501-512.
  • Anadolu Ajansı (2020). “YÖK Başkanı Saraç: Öğretmenlik programlarının ders, müfredat ve kredilerine yükseköğretim kurumları karar verecek”. 18 Ağustos 2020 tarihli haber. 20 Ağustos tarihinde https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/egitim/yok-baskani-sarac-ogretmenlik-programlarinin-ders-mufredat-ve-kredilerine-yuksekogretim-kurumlari-karar-verecek/1945375 web adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Ang, S., Van Dyne, L., Koh, C., Yee Ng, K., Templer, K. J., Tay, C.,& Chandrasekar, N. A. (2007). Cultural intelligence: Its measurement and effects on cultural judgment and decision making, cultural adaptation and task performance. Management and Organization Review, 3 (3), pp. 335–371.
  • Ang, S., & Van Dyne, L. (2015). Handbook of cultural intelligence: Theory, measurement and applications. Routledge: UK.
  • Aydınay Satan, A., (2014). Dini İnanç ve Bilişsel Esneklik Düzeylerinin Öznel İyi Oluş Düzeyine Olan Etkisi. 21. Yüzyılda Eğitim ve Toplum Dergisi, 7 (3). s.50-74.
  • Azevedo, A., & Shane, M. J. (2019). A new training program in developing cultural intelligence can also improve innovative work behavior and resilience: A longitudinal pilot study of graduate students and professional employees. The International Journal of Management Education, 17, pp. 1-20.
  • Barak, M., & Levenberg, A. (2016). Flexible thinking in learning: an individual differences measure for learning in technology-enhanced environments. Computers & Education, Vol: 99, pp. 39-52.
  • Bilgin, M. (2009). Bilişsel esnekliği yordayan bazı değişkenler. Çukurova Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 3, No: 16, s. 142-157.
  • Blair, C., & Peters, R. (2003). Physiological and neurocognitive correlates of adaptive behavior in preschool among children in Head Start. Developmental Neuropsychology, 24, pp. 479–497.
  • Brancu, L., Munteanu, V., & Golet, I. (2016). Understanding Cultural Intelligence Factors Among Business Students in Romania. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 221, pp. 336 – 341.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. vd. (2012). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (11. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Camcı Erdoğan, S. (2018). Üstün zekalılar öğretmenliği adaylarının bilişsel esneklik düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Cilt: 16, Sayı:3, s. 77-96.
  • Cheng, J., & Koszalka, T. A. (2016). Cognitive flexibility theory and its application to learning resources. Retrieved from http://ridlr.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/CFT_FInal.pdf on August 5, 2019.
  • Chieu, V. M. (2007). An operational approach for building learning environments supporting cognitive flexibility. Educational Technology & Society, 10 (3), pp. 32-46.
  • Cırık, İ. (2008). Çok kültürlü eğitim ve yansımaları. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 34, Sayı: 34, s. 27-40.
  • Coulson, R. L., Feltovich, P. J., & Spiro, R. J. (1997). Cognitive flexibility in medicine: An application to the recognition and understanding of hypertension. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 2, pp. 141-161.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2011). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th Edition). Pearson: UK.
  • Crowne, K. A. (2008). What leads to cultural intelligence? Business Horizons, 51, pp. 391-399.
  • Çelikkaleli, Ö. (2014a). The validity and reliability of the cognitive flexibility scale. Education and Science, 39 (176), pp. 339-346.
  • ……………….(2014b). Ergenlerde bilişsel esneklik ile akademik, sosyal ve duygusal yetkinlik inançları arasındaki ilişki. Eğitim ve Bilim, 39 (176), pp.347-354.
  • Çuhadaroglu, A. (2013).Bilişsel esnekliğin yordayıcıları. Cumhuriyet Uluslararası Eğitim Dergisi, Sayı:2, Cilt: 1, s. 86–101.
  • Dangmei, J. (2016). Cultural intelligence: bridging the cultural differences in the emerging markets. Paripex Indian Journal of Research, Vol: 5, Issue: 9, pp. 284-287.
  • Darabi, A., Hemphill, J., Nelson, D. W., Boulware, W., & Liang, X. (2010). Mental model progression in learning the electron transport chain: Effects of instructional strategies and cognitive flexibility. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 15, pp. 479-489.
  • Davidson, M. C., Amso, D., Anderson, L. C., & Diamond, A. (2006). Development of cognitive control and executive functions from 4 to 13 years: Evidence from manipulations of memory, inhibition, and task switching. Neuropsychologia, 44, 2037–2078.
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  • Deng, L and Gibson, P. (2008), A Qualitative Evaluation On The Role of Cultural Intelligence In Cross - Cultural Leadership Effectiveness, International Journal of Leadership Studies, 3 (2), pp. 181-197.
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Investigation of the Relationship Between Pre-service Teachers' Cognitive Flexibility Levels and Cultural Intelligence Levels

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 212 - 231, 31.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.31592/aeusbed.803469

Öz

The purpose of this study is to determine to what extent cultural intelligence contributes to the prediction of cognitive flexibility. The working group of the research consists of 260 teacher candidates studying at Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Faculty of Education. The Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (BEE), developed by Dennis and Vander Wal (2010) and adapted into Turkish by Sapmaz and Doğan (2013); the Cultural Intelligence Scale, developed by Ang et al. (2007) and adapted to Turkish by İlhan and Çetin (2014) was used to collect data in the study. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, arithmetic mean and standard deviation) and multiple regression analysis were used in the analysis of the data obtained in the study. According to the findings of the study, the cognitive flexibility and cultural intelligence levels of the teacher candidates are high. While the metacognition and motivation scores of the teacher candidates positively affect the cognitive flexibility level, they do not affect the cognition and behavior scores. In addition, preservice teachers' cultural intelligence total scores significantly predicted their cognitive flexibility levels.

Kaynakça

  • Alexandra, V., Ehrhart, K. H., & Randel, A. E. (2021). Cultural intelligence, perceived iclusion, and cultural diversity in Workgroups. Personality and Individual Differences, Vol: 168, pp. 1-6.
  • Aliaga, M., & Gunderson, B. (2002). Interactive statistics. Thousand Oaks, Sage Publications: UK.
  • Alon, I., & Higgins, J. H. (2005). Global leadership success through emotional and cultural intelligence. Business Horizons, 48, pp. 501-512.
  • Anadolu Ajansı (2020). “YÖK Başkanı Saraç: Öğretmenlik programlarının ders, müfredat ve kredilerine yükseköğretim kurumları karar verecek”. 18 Ağustos 2020 tarihli haber. 20 Ağustos tarihinde https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/egitim/yok-baskani-sarac-ogretmenlik-programlarinin-ders-mufredat-ve-kredilerine-yuksekogretim-kurumlari-karar-verecek/1945375 web adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Ang, S., Van Dyne, L., Koh, C., Yee Ng, K., Templer, K. J., Tay, C.,& Chandrasekar, N. A. (2007). Cultural intelligence: Its measurement and effects on cultural judgment and decision making, cultural adaptation and task performance. Management and Organization Review, 3 (3), pp. 335–371.
  • Ang, S., & Van Dyne, L. (2015). Handbook of cultural intelligence: Theory, measurement and applications. Routledge: UK.
  • Aydınay Satan, A., (2014). Dini İnanç ve Bilişsel Esneklik Düzeylerinin Öznel İyi Oluş Düzeyine Olan Etkisi. 21. Yüzyılda Eğitim ve Toplum Dergisi, 7 (3). s.50-74.
  • Azevedo, A., & Shane, M. J. (2019). A new training program in developing cultural intelligence can also improve innovative work behavior and resilience: A longitudinal pilot study of graduate students and professional employees. The International Journal of Management Education, 17, pp. 1-20.
  • Barak, M., & Levenberg, A. (2016). Flexible thinking in learning: an individual differences measure for learning in technology-enhanced environments. Computers & Education, Vol: 99, pp. 39-52.
  • Bilgin, M. (2009). Bilişsel esnekliği yordayan bazı değişkenler. Çukurova Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 3, No: 16, s. 142-157.
  • Blair, C., & Peters, R. (2003). Physiological and neurocognitive correlates of adaptive behavior in preschool among children in Head Start. Developmental Neuropsychology, 24, pp. 479–497.
  • Brancu, L., Munteanu, V., & Golet, I. (2016). Understanding Cultural Intelligence Factors Among Business Students in Romania. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 221, pp. 336 – 341.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. vd. (2012). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (11. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Camcı Erdoğan, S. (2018). Üstün zekalılar öğretmenliği adaylarının bilişsel esneklik düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Cilt: 16, Sayı:3, s. 77-96.
  • Cheng, J., & Koszalka, T. A. (2016). Cognitive flexibility theory and its application to learning resources. Retrieved from http://ridlr.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/CFT_FInal.pdf on August 5, 2019.
  • Chieu, V. M. (2007). An operational approach for building learning environments supporting cognitive flexibility. Educational Technology & Society, 10 (3), pp. 32-46.
  • Cırık, İ. (2008). Çok kültürlü eğitim ve yansımaları. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 34, Sayı: 34, s. 27-40.
  • Coulson, R. L., Feltovich, P. J., & Spiro, R. J. (1997). Cognitive flexibility in medicine: An application to the recognition and understanding of hypertension. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 2, pp. 141-161.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2011). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th Edition). Pearson: UK.
  • Crowne, K. A. (2008). What leads to cultural intelligence? Business Horizons, 51, pp. 391-399.
  • Çelikkaleli, Ö. (2014a). The validity and reliability of the cognitive flexibility scale. Education and Science, 39 (176), pp. 339-346.
  • ……………….(2014b). Ergenlerde bilişsel esneklik ile akademik, sosyal ve duygusal yetkinlik inançları arasındaki ilişki. Eğitim ve Bilim, 39 (176), pp.347-354.
  • Çuhadaroglu, A. (2013).Bilişsel esnekliğin yordayıcıları. Cumhuriyet Uluslararası Eğitim Dergisi, Sayı:2, Cilt: 1, s. 86–101.
  • Dangmei, J. (2016). Cultural intelligence: bridging the cultural differences in the emerging markets. Paripex Indian Journal of Research, Vol: 5, Issue: 9, pp. 284-287.
  • Darabi, A., Hemphill, J., Nelson, D. W., Boulware, W., & Liang, X. (2010). Mental model progression in learning the electron transport chain: Effects of instructional strategies and cognitive flexibility. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 15, pp. 479-489.
  • Davidson, M. C., Amso, D., Anderson, L. C., & Diamond, A. (2006). Development of cognitive control and executive functions from 4 to 13 years: Evidence from manipulations of memory, inhibition, and task switching. Neuropsychologia, 44, 2037–2078.
  • De Mooij, M. (2011). Consumer behavior and culture: Consequences for global marketing and advertising. Sage Publications, Inc.: UK.
  • Deng, L and Gibson, P. (2008), A Qualitative Evaluation On The Role of Cultural Intelligence In Cross - Cultural Leadership Effectiveness, International Journal of Leadership Studies, 3 (2), pp. 181-197.
  • Dennis, J. P. & Vander Wal, J. S. (2010). The cognitive flexibility inventory: Instrument development and estimates of re-liability and validity. Cognitive Therapy and Research, Vol: 34, pp. 241-253.
  • Diamond, A. (2013). Executive functions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, pp. 135-168.
  • Earley, P. C., & ve Mosakowski, E. (2004). Cultural intelligence. Harvard Business Review, Vol: 82, Issue: 10, pp. 139-146.
  • Esen Aygün, H. (2018). Öğretmen adaylarının bilişsel esneklik düzeyleri ile kişilerarası problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, Sayı: 77, s. 105-128.
  • Feltovich, P.J., Spiro, R.J., Coulson, R.L., and Feltovich, J. (1996). “Collaboration within and among minds: Mastering complexity, individually, and in groups”, in Koschmann, T.:CSCL: Theory and practice of emerging paradigm, Mahweh, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Göl, İ., & Erkin, Ö. (2019). Association between cultural intelligence and cultural sensitivity in nursing students: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Collegian, 26, pp. 486-491.
  • Guzman, M.R.T., Durden, T.R., Taylor, S.A., Guzman, J.M & Potthoff, K.L. (2016). Cultural competence: an important skill set fort he 21st century. 11 Aralık 2019 tarihinde https://extensionpublications.unl.edu/assets/html/g1375/build/g1375.htm web adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Gündüz, B. (2013). The contributions of attachment styles, irrational beliefs and psychological symptoms to the prediction of cognitive flexibility. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 13 (4), pp. 2079-2085.
  • Harrison, J. K., & Brower, H. H. (2011). The Impact of Cultural Intelligence and Psychological Hardiness on Homesickness among Study Abroad Students. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, Vol: 21 pp. 41-62.
  • Henderson, L.S., Stackman, R. W., & Lindekilde, R. (2018). Why cultural intelligence matters on global project teams? International Journal of Project Management, 36, pp. 954-967.
  • Herrmann, E. (2015). Cultural competence in the classroom: a key 21st- century skill. 10 Aralık 2019 tarihinde https://exclusive.multibriefs.com/content/cultural-competence-in-the-classroom-a-key-21st-century-skill/education web adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Ionescu, T. (2012). Exploring the nature of cognitive flexibility. New Ideas in Psychology, 30, pp. 190 – 200.
  • İlhan, M., & Çetin, B. (2014a). Kültürel zeka ölçeği’nin Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 29 (2), s. 94-114.
  • İlhan, M., & Çetin, B. (2014b). Sosyal ve kültürel zeka arasındaki ilişkinin yapısal eşitlik modeli ile incelenmesi. Turkish Journal of Education, Vol: 3, Issue: 2, p. 4-15.
  • İnan, K. (2017). Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarında kültürel zekanın çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Araştırmaları Dergisi, Sayı: 3, s. 21-33.
  • Johnco, C., Wuthrich, V. M., & Rapee, R. M. (2014). The influence of cognitive flexibility on treatment outcome and cognitive restructuring skill acquisition during cognitive behavioural treatment for anxiety and depression in older adults: Results of a pilot study. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 57, pp. 55-64.
  • Kaptanbaş Gürbüz, E., & Sezgin Nartgün, Ş. (2018). Pedagojik formasyon programı öğrencilerinin bilişsel esneklik ve öz yeterlik düzeyleri. Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, Cilt: 11, Sayı: 55, s. 628-640.
  • Kercood, S., Lineweaver, T. T., Frank, C.C., & Fromm, E. D. (2017). Cognitive flexibility and its relationship to academic achievement and career choice of college students with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability, Vol. 30, No: 4, pp. 329-344.
  • Kılıç, F. ve Demir, Ö. (2012). Sınıf öğretmenliği öğrencilerinin bilişsel koçluk ve bilişsel esnekliğe dayalı öğretim ortamlarının oluşturulmasına ilişkin görüşleri. İlköğretim Online, 11(3), 578-595.
  • Knudsen, H. B. S., Lopez, K. J., & Archibald, L. M. D. (2018). The contribution of cognitive flexibility to childrens’ reading comprehension – the case for Danish. Journal of Research in Reading, 41 (1), pp. 130-148.
  • Koçak, S., & Özdemir, M. (2015). Öğretmen Adaylarının Çok Kültürlü Eğitime Yönelik Tutumlarında Kültürel Zekânın Rolü. İlköğretim Online, 14 (4), s. 1352-1369.
  • Kolburan, Ş. G., Eken, E. ve Akdeniz, B. (2019). Bilişsel esneklik ve mizah stilleri arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Klinikleri Journal of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences, 16 (1), s. 1-13.
  • Koşar, M. B. (2019). Üstün ve normal zeka düzeyindeki ergenlerde bilişsel esneklik ve özdüzenleyici öğrenme becerileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi, Lefkoşa, KKTC.
  • Li, M. (2020). An examination of two majör constructs of cross-cultural competence: cultural intelligence and intercultural competence. Personality and Individual Differences, Vol: 164, pp. 1-6.
  • Liamputtong, P. (2016). Research methods in health: foundations for evidance-based practice (Third Edition). Oxford University Press: UK.
  • Lorenz, M. P., Ramsey, J. R., & Richey, R. G. J. (2018). Expatriates’ international oppurtunity recognition and innovativeness: The role of metacognitive and cognitive cultural intelligence. Journal of World Business, 53, pp. 222-236.
  • Malek, M. A. & Budhwar, P. (2013). Cultural intelligence as a predictor of expatriate adjustment and performance in Malaysia. Journal of World Business, 48, pp. 222-231.
  • Martin, M. M. & Anderson, C. M. (1998). The cognitive flexibility scale: Three validity studies. Communication Reports, 11, 1-9.
  • Memari, A. M., Ziaee, V., Shayestehfar, M., Ghanouni, P., Mansournia, M. A., & Moshayedi, P. (2013). Cognitive flexibility impairments in children with autism spectrum disorders: Links to age, gender and child outcomes. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34, pp. 3218-3225.
  • Nilsson, S., & Truong, X.D. (2012). The recurring understanding of cultural intelligence: a qualitative study of companies in the forestry based industry in Sweden. Unpublished master Thesis, Umea School of Business and Economics, Sweden.
  • Peker, A. & Çukadar, F. (2016). Bilişsel esneklik ile sosyal medyayı kullanmaya yönelik tutum arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Sakarya University Journal of Education, 6(2), pp. 66-79.
  • Pena-Acuna, B., & Pisonero, C. G. (2017). Ethnography and emotions: cultural intelligence applied to motherhood migration process. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 237, pp. 446 – 451.
  • Petrovic, D. S. (2011). Teachers for the Knowledge Society: How do teachers perceive their cultural intelligence? Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 11, pp. 276–280.
  • Powell, E. M., & Ragozzino, M. E. (2017). Cognitive flexibility: Development, disease and treatment. Neuroscience, 345, pp. 1-2.
  • Presbitero, A. (2016). Culture shock and reverse culture shock: The moderating role of cultural intelligence in international students’ adaptation. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 53, pp. 28-38.
  • Presbitero, A., & Quita, C. (2017). Expatriate career intentions: Links to career adaptability and cultural intelligence. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 98, pp. 118-126.
  • Rathgeb-Schnierer, E., & Green, M. (2017). Profiles of cognitive flexibility in arithmetic reasoning: A cross-country comparison of German and American elementary students. Journal of Mathematics Education, 10 (1), pp. 1-16.
  • Sapmaz, F., & Doğan, T. (2013). Bilişsel esnekliğin değerlendirilmesi: Bilişsel esneklik envanteri Türkçe versiyonunun geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 46, Sayı: 1, s. 143-161.
  • SHMR Foundation. (2015). Cultural intelligence: the essential intelligence fort he 21st century. 20 Aralık 2019 tarihinde https://www.shrm.org/hr-today/trends-and-forecasting/special-reports-and-expert-views/Documents/Cultural-Intelligence.pdf web adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Spiro, R. J., Coulson, R. L., Feltovich, P. J., & Anderson, D. (1988). Cognitive flexibility theory: Advanced knowledge acquisition in ill-structured domains. Tenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 375-383). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. [Reprinted in R. B. Ruddell & M. R. Ruddell (Eds.), Theoretical models and processes of reading (5th ed.). Newark, DE: International Reading Association, pp. 640-654.]
  • Spiro, R. J., Feltovich, P. J., Jacobson, M. J., & Coulson, R. L. (1992). Cognitive flexibility, constructivism and hypertext: Random access instruction for advanced knowledge acquisition in ill-structured domains. In T. M. Duffy & D. H. Jonassen (Eds.), Constructivism and the technology of instruction (pp. 57-75). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Spiro, R.J., Vispoel, W., Schmitz, J., Samarapungavan, A., & Boerger, A. (1987). Knowledge acquisition for application: Cognitive flexibility and transfer in complex content domains. In B.C. Britton (Ed.), Executive control processes (177-200). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Stevens, A. D. (2009). Social problem-solving and cognitive flexibility: Relations to social skills and problem behavior of at-risk young children. Unpublished Doctorate Thesis. Seattle Pacific University, School of Psychology, Family, & Community, U.S.
  • Thomas, D. C., & Inkson, K. (2005). Cultural Intelligence: people skills for a global workplace. Consulting to Management, Vol: 16, Issue: 1, pp. 5-9.
  • Thomas, D.C., Liao, Y., Aycan, Z., Cerdin, J.-L., Pekerti, A.A., Ravlin, E.C., Stahl, G.K., Lazarova, M.B., Fock, H., Arli, D., Moeller, M., Okimoto, T.G., van de Vijver, F. (2015). Cultural intelligence: a theory-based, short form measure. Journal of International Business Studies, 46 (9), pp. 1099–1118.
  • Triandis, H.C. (2006). Cultural intelligence in organizations. Group & Organizational Management, 31, pp. 20–26.
  • Van Dyne, L., Ang, S., & Livermore, D. (2010). Cultural intelligence: a pathway for leading in a rapidly globalizing World. In K. M. Hannum. B. McFeeters, & L. Booysen (Eds.), Leading across differences: Cases and perspectives. San Francisco, CA: US.
  • Willis, J. (2016). Building students’ cognitive flexibility. 10 Aralık 2019 tarihinde https://www.edutopia.org/blog/building-students-cognitive-flexibility-judy-willis web adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Yaşar Ekici, F. (2017). Okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının kültürel zeka düzeyleri ve çok kültürlü eğitime yönelik tutumları. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, Cilt: 25, No: 5, s. 1941-1956.
  • Yaşar Ekici, F., & Balcı S., (2019). Okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının bilişsel esneklik düzeyleri ve duygusal tepkisellik düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi/Journal of Higher Education and Science, 9 (1), s. 65-77. https://doi.org/10.5961/jhes.2019.310
  • Yeşil, S. (2009). Kültürel farklılıkların yönetimi ve alternatif bir strateji: kültürel zeka. KMU İİBF Dergisi, 11 (16) ,s. 100-131.
  • Ziyatdinova, E. (2017). The role of cultural intelligence from the perspective of leader. 12 Aralık 2019 tarihinde https://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/130322/Elvira%20Ziyatdinova%20thesis%20MAY2017%20Arcada.pdf?sequence=1 web adresinden erişilmiştir.
Toplam 80 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Akan Deniz YAZGAN 0000-0002-4607-6700

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Ekim 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA YAZGAN, A. D. (2021). Öğretmen Adaylarının Bilişsel Esneklik Düzeyleri ile Kültürel Zeka Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(1), 212-231. https://doi.org/10.31592/aeusbed.803469