Afet Sosyal Bilim Araştırmalarında Bir ‘Epistemik Cemaat’: Latin Amerika’da LA RED

Öz

LA RED (Latin Amerika'da Afetlerin Önlenmesine İlişkin Sosyal Araştırmalar Ağı) sosyal bilim alanlarında afet araştırmalarını teşvik etmeye ve yaygınlaştırmaya adanmış bir bilim insanları topluluğudur. Toplumsal kırılganlığı kavramsal başlangıç noktası alan öncü bir araştırma ve eylem ağı olarak LA RED’in afet ve risk araştırmaları dünyasında önemli bir yeri vardır. Bu topluluğun aşağıdaki katkıları, getirdiği kavramsal yenilikler ve ufuk açıcı görüşleri afetlerin sosyal boyutlarını, afet riskini ve bunların yönetimini düşünmenin ve anlamanın alternatif bir yönteminin yolunu açmıştır: (1) afetlerin sosyal inşası; (2) afet riski, kalkınma ve çevre arasındaki içkin bağ; (3) küçük ve orta ölçekli afetlerin ve kapsamlı ve yoğun risklerin önemi; (4) yerel düzeyde afet risk yönetimi ve (5) bütünleşik afet risk araştırması ve afetlerin adli incelemeleri. Bu perspektiflerin birleşmesi sonucunda, entelektüel bir afet araştırmacıları topluluğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Ağ, afet risklerinin toplumsal yorumlarının yaygınlaştırılmasında ve doğal tehlikelerden sosyal savunmasızlığa paradigma kaymasında kilit bir rol oynamıştır. İkincil literatüre dayanan bu araştırma bir epistemik cemaat olarak LA RED’in afet sosyal bilim araştırmaları içindeki yerini, ağın yapısını, araştırma gündemini, ufuk açıcı görüşlerini, kıtada ve dünyada afet çalışmalarına önemli katkılarını, 1992’de başlayan tarihsel ve düşünsel serüvenini incelemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Afet Araştırmaları
• Epistemik Cemaat
• İktidar İlişkileri
• Kırılganlık Paradigması
• LA RED
• Latin Amerika

An ‘Epistemic Community’ in Disaster Social Science Research: LA RED in Latin America

Abstract

LA RED (Network of Social Studies in the Prevention of Disasters in Latin America) is a community of scientists dedicated to promoting and disseminating disaster research in the fields of social science. As a pioneering research and action network that takes social vulnerability as a conceptual starting point, LA RED has an important place in the disasters and risks research world. This community's following contributions, conceptual innovations and seminal views have paved the way for an alternative method of thinking and understanding about social dimensions of disasters, disaster risk, and disaster management: (1) the social construction of disasters; (2) the inherent connection between environment, development and disaster risk; (3) small and medium-sized disasters and comprehensive and intensive risks; (4) local disaster risk management and (5) integrated disaster risk research and forensic inspections of disasters. The combination of these perspectives has resulted in an intellectual community of disaster researchers. The network has played a foundational role in mainstreaming social interpretations of disaster risks and in the paradigm shift from natural hazards to social vulnerability. This article, based on secondary literature, investigates the distinct contributions of LA RED to disaster social science research as an epistemic community, its place, structure, research agenda, seminal notions, and the historical and intellectual expedition that began in 1992.

Keywords

• Epistemic Community
• Disaster Studies
• LA RED
• Latin America
• Relations of Power
• Vulnerability Paradigm

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