Understanding the Concept of Disaster Resilience: A Systematic Review of Resilience Indicators Using the PRISMA Method

Öz

Disasters resulting from the combination of natural and human-induced factors pose serious threats to the safety, sustainable development, and quality of life of societies. Preventing or mitigating disasters is directly related to strengthening the disaster resilience of communities and institutions. Resilient societies experience fewer losses, recover more quickly, and regain functionality when confronted with disasters. Although the concept of community disaster resilience has been addressed in the literature with the aim of reducing disaster impacts and increasing preparedness, the theoretical framework of this concept remains limited. Its definition, influencing factors, and assessment methods are not clearly established. This study seeks to fill this conceptual gap by conducting a comprehensive literature analysis using the PRISMA method and presenting a methodological framework for community disaster resilience. As a result of the analysis, existing studies related to resilience were systematically reviewed, and a set of principles and indicators that can be used to measure this concept were presented. In conclusion, the study presents conceptual and practical recommendations that contribute to reducing vulnerability to disasters and developing a sustainable disaster management approach.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Disaster Management
• Institutional Resilience
• PRISMA Method
• Resilience Indicators
• Risk Reduction

Afet Direnci Kavramını Anlamak: Direnç Göstergeleri Üzerine PRISMA Yöntemiyle Sistematik Bir İnceleme

Öz

Doğal ve beşerî faktörlerin bir araya gelmesiyle oluşan afetler, toplumların güvenliği, sürdürülebilir kalkınması ve yaşam kalitesi üzerinde ciddi tehditler oluşturmaktadır. Afetlerin önlenebilmesi veya etkilerinin azaltılabilmesi, toplumların ve kurumların afet direncinin artırılmasıyla doğrudan ilişkilidir. Afetlere dirençli toplumlar, afetlerle karşı karşıya kaldıklarında daha az kayıp yaşamakta, daha hızlı toparlanabilmekte ve yeniden işlevsel hale gelebilmektedir. Afetlerin etkilerinin azaltılması ve toplumsal hazırlığın artırılması amacıyla toplumsal afet direnci kavramına literatürde yer verilmiş olmasına rağmen bu kavrama ilişkin teorik çerçeve sınırlıdır. Kavramın tanımlanması, etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi, hangi yöntemlerle değerlendirilebileceği açık değildir. Bu çalışma, söz konusu kavramsal boşluğu doldurmak amacıyla PRISMA yöntemi kullanılarak kapsamlı bir literatür analizi gerçekleştirmekte ve toplumsal afet direncine dair metodolojik bir çerçeve sunmaktadır. Analiz sonucunda, afetlere karşı kırılganlığın azaltılması için dirençlilikle ilişkili mevcut çalışmalar sistematik biçimde değerlendirilmiş, ayrıca bu kavramın ölçülebilmesi için kullanılabilecek bir dizi ilke ve gösterge sunulmuştur. Sonuç olarak çalışma, afetlere karşı kırılganlığı azaltmaya ve sürdürülebilir bir afet yönetimi yaklaşımı geliştirmeye katkı sunacak kavramsal ve pratik öneriler ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Afet Yönetimi
• Dayanıklılık Göstergeleri
• Kurumsal Dirençlilik
• PRISMA Yöntemi
• Zarar Azaltma

Kaynakça

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