A Big Earthquake Awaits Istanbul: Mini Review

Öz

Istanbul earthquakes occur due to tectonic movements in the northern branch of the North Anatolian Fault, which is called the Main Marmara Fault and lies under the Sea of Marmara. In the past, Istanbul witnessed many devastating earthquakes. It is possible to reach archive information about the Istanbul earthquakes recorded since the Roman-Byzantine periods. Records show that there were approximately 26 earthquakes that caused destruction in the city during the Byzantine period. The earthquakes of 1509, 1719, 1766, 1894 and 1912 during the Ottoman Empire and the recent earthquake of 1999 caused serious destruction and many casualties in the city. The conducted studies reveal that intense seismic energy has accumulated in the unbroken segments of the Main Marmara Fault in the recent past and a severe earthquake awaits Istanbul. Considering the importance of Istanbul for both our country and the whole world, it is important to prepare the city for before and after the earthquake.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Disaster
• Earthquake
• Istanbul
• Marmara Sea
• North Anatolian Fault

İstanbul’u Büyük Bir Deprem Bekliyor: Mini Derleme

Öz

İstanbul depremleri, Kuzey Anadolu Fayı’nın Ana Marmara Fayı olarak adlandırılan ve Marmara Denizi altında uzanan kuzey kolundaki tektonik hareketler nedeniyle meydana gelmektedir. İstanbul geçmiş dönemlerde çok sayıda yıkıcı depremlere sahne olmuştur. Roma-Bizans dönemlerinden beri kayıt altına alınan İstanbul depremleri konusunda arşiv bilgilerine ulaşmak mümkündür. Kayıtlarda Bizans döneminde şehirde yıkıma neden olan yaklaşık 26 depremin yaşandığı görülmektedir. Osmanlı döneminde meydana gelen 1509, 1719, 1766, 1894 ve 1912 depremleri ve yakın zamanda yaşanan 1999 depremi şehirde ciddi harabiyete ve çok sayıda can kaybına yol açmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar Ana Marmara Fayı’nın yakın geçmişte kırılmamış segmentlerinde yoğun bir sismik enerji biriktiğini ve İstanbul’u şiddetli bir depremin beklediğini ortaya koymaktadır. İstanbul’un gerek ülkemiz gerek tüm dünya için taşıdığı önem göz önüne alınarak şehrin deprem öncesi ve sonrasına hazırlanması önem arzetmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Afet
• Deprem
• İstanbul
• Marmara Denizi
• Kuzey Anadolu Fayı

Kaynakça

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