An Evaluation on Integrated Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Approach

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 1 - 19, 30.05.2021

Çiğdem Tuğaç

https://doi.org/10.35341/afet.891478

Öz

Significant increases are observed in the number, frequency and severity of disasters experienced in recent years globally. Among these disasters, the increase in the number of meteorological and hydrological disasters due to extreme weather events related to climate change is the most numerous and the most impact area. The nature of the negative consequences of climate change beyond the borders of the country and the effects in economic, environmental and social contexts make it inevitable that natural, biological and technological disasters occur along with disasters associated with climate. These disasters often affect the most vulnerable segments of societies and developing countries with insufficient fighting capacity. In order to tackle these problems effectively, studies on the development of integrated disaster risk reduction and adaptation to climate change are increasing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of developing an integrated approach to disaster risk reduction and adaptation to climate change, which are currently carried out in independent processes. In the study, it has been concluded that the integrated climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction approach will ensure efficient use of resources, administrative and human capacity, direct financial resources to the right areas by creating an economy of scale, and have significant benefits in achieving the goals of United Nations Conventions and documents.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Disaster Risk Reduction, Climate Change Adaptation, Resiliency, İntegrated Approach, Sustainable Development

Bütünleşik Afet Riski Azaltımı ve İklim Değişikliğine Uyum Yaklaşımı Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme

Öz

Küresel çapta son yıllarda yaşanan afetlerin sayı, sıklık ve şiddetinde önemli artışlar gözlemlenmektedir. Bu afetler içinde iklim değişikliğiyle ilişkili aşırı hava olaylarına bağlı meteorolojik ve hidrolojik afetlerin sayısındaki artış ise en fazla sayıda ve etki alanı en yüksek olandır. İklim değişikliğinin olumsuz sonuçlarının ülke sınırlarını aşan yapısı ve ekonomik, çevresel ve sosyal bağlamdaki etkileri, iklim ile ilişkilendirilen afetlerin beraberinde doğal, biyolojik ve teknolojik afetlerin de ortaya çıkmasını kaçınılmaz kılmaktadır. Bu afetlerden ise çoğunlukla toplumların en kırılgan kesimleri ve mücadele kapasitesi yeterli olmayan gelişmekte olan ülkeler daha fazla etkilenmektedir. Bu sorunlarla etkin bir biçimde mücadele edilmesinde günümüzde bütünleşik afet risk azaltımı ve iklim değişikliğine uyum yaklaşımının geliştirilmesine ilişkin çalışmalar giderek artmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, birbirinden bağımsız süreçlerde yürütülen afet riski azaltımı ve iklim değişikliğine uyum eylemlerine bütünleşik bir yaklaşım geliştirmenin ortaya çıkaracağı sonuçların değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışmada bütünleşik iklim değişikliğine uyum ve afet riski azaltımı yaklaşımının kaynakların, idari ve beşerî kapasitenin etkin kullanılmasını, ölçek ekonomisi oluşturarak mali kaynakların doğru alanlara yönlendirilmesini sağlayacağı ve BM sözleşmelerinde ve belgelerinde yer alan hedeflerin gerçekleştirilmesi bağlamında önemli faydaları olduğu sonuçları elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Afet Riski Azaltımı, İklim Değişikliğine Uyum, Dirençlilik, Bütünleşik Yaklaşım, Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma

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