Congenital hypothyroidism and necrotizing enterocolitis in infants born prematurely

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1, 35 - 42, 26.04.2022

Burak Ceran Ufuk Çakır Ali Ulaş Tuğcu Cüneyt Tayman

https://doi.org/10.17941/agd.1099016

Öz

Background and Aims: Hypothyroidism negatively impacts the gastrointestinal system. Moreover, the effect of congenital hypothyroidism on necrotizing enterocolitis is unknown. This study aimed to determine the effect of congenital hypothyroidism on necrotizing enterocolitis in infants who were born prematurely and had very low birthweight (< 1500 g). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included infants who were born prematurely and weighed < 1500 g. In addition to the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, the
prevalence values of necrotizing enterocolitis between the congenital hypothyroidism and non-congenital hypothyroidism groups were compared. Results of the thyroid function tests were also compared between these groups. Results: A total of 626 premature infants (gestational age, 28.1 ± 1.2 weeks; birthweight, 1056 ± 228 g), including 26 with congenital hypothyroidism and 600 without congenital hypothyroidism, were enrolled in the study. The frequency of necrotizing enterocolitis (stage ≥ 2) was 2.5% (n = 16) among 626 infants. The gestational age and birthweight (27.2 ± 0.9 weeks and 1007 ± 208 g, respectively) of the congenital hypothyroidism group were significantly lower than those in the non-congenital hypothyroidism group (28.1 ± 1.2 weeks and 1075 ± 221 g, respectively) (p < 0.001, p = 0.035, respectively). The incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis was comparable between the congenital hypothyroidism and non-congenital hypothyroidism groups (3.8% and 2.5%, respectively, p = 0.415). Other demographic and clinical characteristics were also comparable (p > 0.05). In groups with and without necrotizing enterocolitis, no significant difference was detected on the levels of fT4 (1.08 ± 0.35 ng/dL and 1.15 ± 0.26 ng/dL, respectively) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (3.9 ± 2.8 µIU/L and 5.6 ± 4.5 µIU/L; p = 0.326 and p = 0.061, respectively). Conclusions: Our study did not find a relationship between congenital hypothyroidism and necrotizing enterocolitis development in infants who were born prematurely and had a very low birthweight.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Premature infants, congenital hypothyroidism, very low birthweight, necrotizing enterocolitis

Prematüre bebeklerde konjenital hipotiroidi ve nekrotizan enterokolit ilişkisi

Öz

Giriş ve Amaç: Hipotiroidinin gastrointestinal sistem üzerine olumsuz etkisi vardır. Konjenital hipotiroidinin nekrotizan enterokolit ile ilişkisi bilinmemektedir. Çalışmamızda çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı (< 1500 g) prematürelerde konjenital hipotiroidi ve nekrotizan enterokolit ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamıza < 1500 g doğan prematüre bebekler retrospektif olarak dahil edildi. Konjenital hipotiroidi olan ve olmayan gruplar nekrotizan enterokolit gelişimi, demografik ve klinik özellikler açısından karşılaştırıldı. Ayrıca nekrotizan enterokolit olan ve olmayan gruplar tiroid fonksiyon testleri açısından karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 26 konjenital hipotiroidi olan ve 600 konjenital hipotiroidi olmayan toplam 626 prematüre bebek (gestasyon haftası 28.1 ± 1.2 hafta, doğum ağırlığı 1056 ± 228 g) dahil edildi. Altı yüz yirmi altı bebekte nekrotizan enterokolit (evre ≥ 2) sıklığı %2.5 (n = 16) olarak tespit edildi. Konjenital hipotiroidi olan grupta gebelik haftası ve doğum ağırlığı (27.2 ± 0.9 hafta ve 1007 ± 208 g) konjenital hipotiroidi olmayan gruba (28.1 ± 1.2 hafta ve 1075 ± 221 g) göre anlamlı düşük bulundu (sırasıyla, p < 0.001, p = 0.035). Nekrotizan enterokolit gelişim sıklığı konjenital hipotiroidi olan ve olmayan gruplar arasında benzerdi (sırasıyla, %3.8, %2.5, p = 0.415). Diğer demografik ve klinik özellikler açısından gruplar arasında sonuçlar benzer saptandı (p > 0.05). Nekrotizan enterokolit olan ve olmayan gruplarda serbest tiroksin düzeyleri (sırasıyla: 1.08 ± 0.35 ng/dl ve 1.15 ± 0.26 ng/dl) ve tiroid stimülan hormon düzeyleri (sırasıyla: 3.9 ± 2.8 uIU/L ve 5.6 ± 4.5 uIU/L) açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark tespit edilmedi (sırasıyla, p = 0.326, p = 0.061). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı prematürelerde konjenital hipotiroidi ile nekrotizan enterokolit gelişimi arasında ilişki tespit edilmemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Prematüre, konjenital hipotiroidi, çok düşük doğum ağırlığı, nekrotizan enterokolit

Kaynakça

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