CHARLES SANDERS PEIRCE’ÜN DİL FELSEFESİ

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 13, 145 - 185, 31.12.2023

Hasan Hüseyin Kargın

Öz

Bu makale, C.S.Peirce’ün dil felsefesini konu edinmektedir. İnsan semiyotik bir faildir ve sürekli olarak gösterge üreten, gösterge alımlayan ve kendisi de bir gösterge olan varlıktır. Dil, insan deneyiminin sonucu oluşan kollektif bir semboller sistemidir. İnsan, göstergeler ummanının ortasına doğar ve bu göstergelerle düşünmeye başlar. Göstergeler deneyimi, deneyim dili, dil ise düşünceyi meydana getirir. Peirce’e göre anlam kullanımdır. İnsanların karşı karşıya kaldığı bir problemi çözen veya çözüme katkı sağlayan şey anlamlıdır. Anlam, insanların işine yarayan, onlara yaşamı kolaylaştıran, pratik hayatta karşılığı olan şeydir. Pragmatik maksim, düşünceyi boş, kullanışsız ve pratik hayatta hiçbir işe yaramayan metafizik kavramlardan arındırma yöntemidir. Asırlardan beri felsefenin kalbine muğlak, kapalı ve içinde yaşadığımız dünya ile ilişkisi olmayan kavramlar nüfuz etmiştir. Pragmatik anlam teorisinin görevi bu kavramları felsefe sahnesinden çekerek yerine deneyimden türemiş, açık, anlaşılır ve kullanışlı kavramlar üretmektir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Dil Felsefesi, Göstergebilimi, Deneyim, Pragmatik Maksim, Anlam, Kullanım
Abstract
This article deals with C.S. Peirce's philosophy of language. Man is a semiotic agent, a being who constantly produces signs, receives signs and is himself a sign. Language is a collective system of symbols that is the result of human experience. Human beings are born in the centre of the ocean of signs and begin to think with these signs. Signs create experience, experience creates language, and language creates thought. According to Peirce, meaning is use. Whatever solves or contributes to the solution of a problem that people face is meaningful. Meaning is what is useful to people, what makes life easier for them, what has a practical life. The pragmatic maxim is a method of purifying thought from metaphysical concepts that are empty, useless and useless in practical life. For centuries, the heart of philosophy has been permeated by concepts that are vague, closed and unrelated to the world we live in. The task of the pragmatic theory of meaning is to remove these concepts from the stage of philosophy and replace them with clear, understandable and useful concepts derived from experience.
Keywords: Philosophy of Language, Semiotics, Experience, Pragmatic Maxim, Meaning, Usage

Anahtar Kelimeler

dil felsefesi, göstergebilimi, deneyim, pragmatik maksim, anlam, kullanım

Etik Beyan

MAKALE, AHLAK KURALLARINA UYGUN OLARAK ÜRETİLMİŞTİR. KENDİ DOKTORA TEZİMDEN ÜRETTİĞİM BİR ÇALIŞMADIR. HER TÜRLÜ SORUMLULUK BANA AİTTİR.

Destekleyen Kurum

HİÇ BİR KURUM, KİŞİ, VEYA OLUŞUM İLE İRTİBATIMIZ YOKTUR. HİÇ BİR MENFAAT ÇATIŞMASI YOKTUR.

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