Determination of Fatty Acid Composition in Muscle Tissues of Squalius semae (Turan, Kottelat&Bayçelebi, 2017) in Kuzgun Dam (Erzurum)

Yıl 2025, , 66 - 72

Esin Özçiçek , Mehmet Kocabaş , Filiz Kutluyer Kocabaş , Görkem Kırmızıkaya Özmen , Ökkeş Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.17097/agricultureatauni.1506166

Öz

In this study, the fatty acid profile in Squalius semae muscle tissue captured from Kuzgun Dam was determined using gas chromatography. As a result of the study, a total of 26 fatty acids were identified, including 9 saturated fatty acids (SFA), 10 monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and 7 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Our results showed that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (46.49%) were found in higher proportion than saturated fatty acids (SFA) in muscle tissue, followed by MUFAs (28.01%) and SFAs (25.5%). Palmitic acid (C16:0) (16.19%) is the main saturated fatty acid, while docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n−3) (13.75%) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5 n−3) (12.18%) was determined as the main polyunsaturated fatty acid. In conclusion, S. semae is nutritionally valuable for human consumption and can be consumed by the consumer as an alternative food source.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Squalius semae, Fatty acid, Kuzgun Dam

Etik Beyan

The study protocol was approved by Munzur University Animal Research Local Ethics Committee (Protocol no: 36-01, 06.03.2024).

Kuzgun Barajı’nda (Erzurum) Yaşayan Squalius semae (Turan, Kottelat&Bayçelebi, 2016) Türünün Kas Dokularındaki Yağ Asidi Kompozisyonunun Belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Kuzgun Barajından yakalanan Squalius semae kas dokusundaki yağ asidi profili, gaz kromatografisi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, 9 doymuş yağ asidi (SFA), 10 tekli doymamış yağ asidi (MUFA) ve 7 çoklu doymamış yağ asidini (PUFA) içeren toplam 26 yağ asidi tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlarımız kas dokusundaki çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerinin (PUFA) (%46,49) doymuş yağ asitlerine (SFA) göre daha yüksek oranda bulunduğunu göstermiştir ve bunu MUFA'lar (%28,01) ve SFA'lar (%25,5) izlemiştir. Palmitik asit (C16:0) (%16,19) ana doymuş yağ asidiyken, dokosaheksaenoik asit (DHA, C22:6 n−3) (%13,75) ile eikosapentaenoik asit (EPA, C20:5 n−3) (%12,18) ana çoklu doymamış yağ asidi olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, S. semae besin açısından insan tüketimi için değerlidir ve tüketici tarafından alternatif besin kaynağı olarak tüketilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Squalius semae, Yağ asidi, Kuzgun Barajı

Etik Beyan

Çalışma protokolü Munzur Üniversitesi Hayvan Araştırmaları Yerel Etik Kurulu (Protokol no: 36-01, 06.03.2024)

Kaynakça

• Ackman, R.G. (1967). Characteristics of the fatty acid composition and biochemistry of some freshwater fish oils and lipids in comparison with marine oils and lipids. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 22(3), 907–922.
• Akpinar, M. A., Görgün, S., & Akpinar, A. E. (2009). A comparative analysis of the fatty acid profiles in the liver and muscles of male and female Salmo trutta macrostigma. Food Chemistry, 112(1), 6–8.
• Andrade, A. D., Rubira, A. F., Matsushia, M., & Souza, N. E. (1995). Omega-3 fatty acids in freshwater fish from South Brazil. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 72(10), 1207–1210.
• Ateş, E. (2013). Determination of fatty acids changes in fish species living in Upper Sakarya River Basin. [MSc thesis, Afyon Kocatepe University, Institute of Science]. Afyon. (in Turkish).
• Bayar, İ., İnci, A., Ünübol Aypak, S., & Bildik, A. (2021). Investigation of total fatty acid compositions in the muscle tissues of the two freshwater fish species living in the Big Menderes River (Aydın). KSU Journal of Agriculture and Natural, 24(2), 260–266.
• Bergé, J.-P., & Barnathan, G. (2005). Fatty acids from lipids of marine organisms: Molecular biodiversity, roles as biomarkers, biologically active compounds, and economical aspects. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, 96, 49–125.
• Bowman, W. C., & Rand, M. J. (1980). Textbook of pharmacology (2nd ed.). Blackwell.
• Connor, W. E. (2000). Importance of n-3 fatty acids in health and disease. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 17(1), 171S–175S.
• Chaudhary, N., & Singh, N. K. (2024). Exploring freshwater microalgal strains for Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and carotenoids from the Ganges River in India. Algal Research, 80, 103541.
• Çelik, M. (2005). A comparison of the proximate compositions and fatty acid profiles of zander (Sander lucioperca) from two different regions and climatic conditions. Food Chemistry, 92(4), 637-641.
• Gladyshev, M. I., Anishchenko, O. V., Sushchnik, N. N., Kalacheva, G. S., Gribovskaya, I. V., & Ageev, A. V. (2012). Influence of anthropogenic pollution on content of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids in links of food chain of river ecosystem. Contemporary Problems of Ecology, 5, 376-385.
• Gladyshev, M.I., Makhrov, A.A., Baydarov, I.V., Safonova, S.S., Golod, V.M., Alekseyev, S.S., Glushchenko, L.A., Rudchenko, A.E., Karpov, V.A., & Sushchik, N.N. (2022). Fatty acid composition and contents of fish of genus Salvelinus from natural ecosystems and aquaculture. Biomolecules, 12(1), 144.
• Gökçe, M. A., Taşbozan, O., Çelik, M., & Tabakoğlu, Ş. S. (2004). Seasonal variations in proximate and fatty acid compositions of female common sole (Solea solea). Food Chemistry, 88(3), 419-423.
• Görgün, S., & Akpınar, M.A. (2017). Seasonal variations in the fatty acid profiles of the liver and muscle of Squalius cephalus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) living in Tödürge Lake (Sivas, Turkiye). Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 18(4), 1025–1035.
• Guler, G. O., Aktumsek, A., Citil, O. B., Arslan, A., & Torlak, E. (2007). Seasonal variations on total fatty acid composition of fillets of zander (Sander lucioperca) in Beysehir Lake (Turkey). Food Chemistry, 103(4), 1241–1246.
• Gürbüz, H., Kivrak, E., & Soyupak, S. (2004). Seasonal changes in phytoplankton community structure in a high mountain reservoir, Kuzgun reservoir, Turkey. Journal of Freshwater Ecology, 19(4), 651-655.
• Han, C., Dong, S., Li, L., Gao, Q., & Zhou, Y. (2021). Assessment of phospholipid fatty acid profiles for discrimination of salmonids cultured in freshwater and seawater. Food Control, 120, 107493.
• Heissenberger, M., Watzke, J., & Kainz, M. J. (2010). Effect of nutrition on fatty acid profiles of riverine, lacustrine, and aquaculture-raised salmonids of pre-alpine habitats. Hydrobiologia, 650, 243-254.
• Inhamuns, A. J., & Franco, M. R. B. (2008). EPA and DHA quantification in two species of freshwater fish from Central Amazonia. Food Chemistry, 107(2), 587-591.
• İnan, T., Ayas, D., & Kırankaya, Ş. G. (2019). Seasonal changes in fat and fatty acid profiles of the Sakarya Chub (Squalius pursakensis) from the Melen river basin. Eurasian Journal of Forest Science, 7(3), 243-251.
• Kaçar, S., & Başhan, M. (2016). Comparison of lipid contents and fatty acid profiles of freshwater fish from the Atatürk Dam Lake. Turkish Journal of Biochemistry, 41(3), 150-156.
• Kalyoncu, L., Kıssal, S., & Aktumsek, A. (2009). Seasonal changes in the total fatty acid composition of Vimba (Vimba vimba tenella) in Eğirdir Lake, Turkey. Food Chemistry, 116(3), 728-730.
• Kalyoncu, L., & Abuoğlu, Z. (2017). Seasonal differences in the muscle fatty acid profiles of two freshwater fish species (Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Squalius cephalus). Biological Diversity and Conservation, 10(1), 104-109.
• Kaya, Y., & Erdem, M. E. (2009). Seasonal comparison of wild and farmed brown trout (Salmo trutta forma fario L., 1758): Crude lipid, gonadosomatic index and fatty acids. International Journal of Food Science & Nutrition, 60(5), 413–423.
• Karrar, E., Albakry, Z., Ahmed, I. A. M., Zhang, L., Chen, C., Wu, D., & Li, J. (2023). Docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid from microalgae: Extraction, purification, separation, and analytical methods. Algal Research, 103365. Kızmaz, V., Başhan, M., & Çiçek, T. (2021). Seasonal Variation of Fatty Acid Composition in Muscle Total Lipids of Male and Female Individuals of Alburnus tarichi. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 11(1), 91-98.
• Kinsella, J. E., Lokesh, B., & Stone, R. A. (1990). Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and amelioration of cardiovascular disease: Possible mechanisms. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 52(1), 1–28.
• Le Néchet, S., Dubois, N., Gouygou, J. P., & Bergé, J. P. (2007). Lipid composition of the liver oil of the ray, Himantura bleekeri. Food Chemistry, 104(2), 559-564.
• Li, G., Sinclair, A. J., & Li, D. (2011). Comparison of lipid content and fatty acid composition in the edible meat of wild and cultured freshwater and marine fish and shrimps from China. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 59(5), 1871-1881.
• Mendivil, C. O. (2021). Dietary fish, fish nutrients, and immune function: A review. Frontiers in Nutrition, 7, 617652. Mnari, A., Bouhlel, I., Chraief, I., Hammami, M., Romdhane, M. S., El Cafsi, M., & Chaouch, A. (2007). Fatty acids in muscles and liver of Tunisian wild and farmed gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata. Food Chemistry, 100(4), 1393-1397.
• Mozaffarian, D., Bryson, C. L., Lemaitre, R. N., Burke, G. L., & Siscovick, D. S. (2005). Fish intake and risk of incident heart failure. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 45(12), 2015–2021.
• Murillo, E., Rao, K. S., & Durant, A. A. (2014). The lipid content and fatty acid composition of four eastern central Pacific native fish species. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 33, 1–5.
• Nava, V., Turco, V. L., Licata, P., Panayotova, V., Peycheva, K., Fazio, F., Rando, R., Di Bella, G., & Potortì, A. G. (2023). Determination of fatty acid profile in processed fish and shellfish foods. Foods, 12(13), 2631.
• Navarro-Garcıa, G., Pacheco-Aguilar, R., Bringas-Alvarado, L., & Ortega-Garcıa, J. (2004). Characterization of the lipid composition and natural antioxidants in the liver oil of Dasyatis brevis and Gymnura marmorata rays. Food chemistry, 87(1), 89-96.
• Özogul, Y., Özogul, F., & Alagoz, S. (2007). Fatty acid profiles and fat contents of commercially important seawater and freshwater fish species of Turkey: A comparative study. Food chemistry, 103(1), 217-223.
• Perez, M. J., Rodríguez, C., Cejas, J. R., Martín, M. V., Jerez, S., & Lorenzo, A. (2007). Lipid and fatty acid content in wild white seabream (Diplodus sargus) broodstock at different stages of the reproductive cycle. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 146(2), 187–196.
• Pigott, G. M., & Tucker, B. W. (1990). Effects of technology on nutrition. New York: Marcel Dekker.
• Quirós-Pozo, R., Robaina, L., Calderón, J. A., & Filgueira, J. R. (2023). Reproductive management of the mugilid Liza aurata and characterization of proximate and fatty acid composition of broodstock tissues and spawning. Aquaculture, 564, 739055. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.739055
• Rahnan, S. A., Huah, T. S., Nassan, O., & Daud, N. M. (1995). Fatty acid composition of some Malaysian freshwater fish. Food Chemistry, 54(1), 45-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146(95)00057-J
• Saler, S., & Selamoglu, Z. (2020). Zooplankton diversity of three dam lakes in Turkey. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 19(5), 2720-2729.
• Sargent, J. R. (1996). Origins and functions of egg lipid. In N. R. Bromage & R. J. Roberts (Eds.), Broodstock management and egg and larval quality (pp. 353–372). Oxford: Blackwell.
• Sushchik, N. N., Rudchenko, A. E., & Gladyshev, M. I. (2017). Effect of season and trophic level on fatty acid composition and content of four commercial fish species from Krasnoyarsk Reservoir (Siberia, Russia). Fisheries research, 187, 178-187.
• Turan, D., Kottelat, M., & Bayçelebi, E. (2017). Squalius semae, a new species of chub from the Euphrates River, Eastern Anatolia (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Zoology in the Middle East, 63(1), 33-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2017.1283326
• Velichka, J., Kidd, K. A., Munkittrick, K., Shanmuganathan, M., Britz-McKibbin, P., & Curry, R. A. (2023). Elements and omega-3 fatty acids in fishes along a large, dammed river. Environmental Pollution, 336, 122375.
• Wang, Y. J., Miller, L. A., Perren, M., & Addis, P. B. (1990). Omega‐3 fatty acids in Lake Superior fish. Journal of food science, 55(1), 71-73. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1990.tb06066.x
• Ward, O. P., & Singh, A. (2005). Omega-3/6 fatty acids: alternative sources of production. Process biochemistry, 40(12), 3627-3652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2005.05.004
• Wardlaw, G. M., Insel, P. M., & Seigler, M. F. (1992). Contemporary nutrition-issues and insights. St. Louis, USA: Mosby.