THE SILENT WAR “AFGHANISTAN AND IRAN WATER CRISIS”

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 7, 49 - 56, 30.12.2022

Nilab Saeedi

https://doi.org/10.56387/ahbvedebiyat.1211531

Öz

Just as the fox's skin is the enemy of his life, so the abundant waters and seas of Afghanistan are also the enemy of the life of this land. The life of many parts of Iran and even Pakistan depends on the flowing waters of Afghanistan. The history of the water problems between these two countries is as old as the historical history of both countries. The same water problems between the two countries could have become more obvious and problematic when Iran was not ready to recognize the independence of Afghanistan. In order to take water from Afghanistan due to the repeated pressure and threats, Iran
had to reluctantly recognize the independence of Afghanistan at the Paris Conference. Despite all these different views, fortunately there has been no direct war or conflict due to this rivalry between Iran and Afghanistan for the centuries-old water problem. However, indirectly disruptive actions from Iran
have been realized and observed many times. Afghanistan until 2018 believed that by controlling its outgoing waters towards Iran, it was able to control the behavior and political decisions of Iran in the field of selling cheap oil and accepting immigrants.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Afghanistan, Iran, Water Dispute, Rivers, Helmand.

SESSİZ SAVAŞ “AFGANİSTAN VE İRAN SU KRİZİ”

Öz

Tilkinin derisi nasıl can düşmanı ise Afganistan'ın bereketli suları ve denizleri de bu toprakların can düşmanıdır. İran'ın ve hatta Pakistan'ın birçok bölgesinin yaşamı Afganistan'ın akan sularına bağlıdır. Bu iki ülke arasındaki su sorunlarının tarihi, her iki ülkenin tarihi kadar eskidir. İki ülke arasındaki aynı su
sorunları, İran Afganistan'ın bağımsızlığını tanımaya hazır olmadığında daha belirgin ve sorunlu hâle gelebilirdi. Tekrar tekrar yaşanan baskı ve tehditlerden ötürü Afganistan’dan su almak için, İran Paris Konferansı’nda Afganistan'ın bağımsızlığını isteksizce tanımak zorunda kaldı. Tüm bu farklı görüşlere rağmen, İran ve Afganistan arasında su sorunu nedeniyle yüzyıllardır süren bu rekabet nedeniyle doğrudan bir savaş ve çatışma yaşanmamış, ancak İran'dan dolaylı olarak yıkıcı hareketler birçok kez gerçekleştirilmiş ve gözlemlenmiştir. 2018’e kadar Afganistan, İran'a giden sularını kontrol ederek, İran'ın ucuz petrol satma ve göçmen kabul etme alanındaki davranışlarını ve siyasi kararlarını kontrol edebileceğine inanıyordu.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Afganistan, İran, Nehirler, Su Anlaşmazlığı, Helmand.

Kaynakça

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