Turizm Talebinin Finansal Piyasa Şoklarına Duyarlılığı: TVP-VAR Yaklaşımıyla Bir Volatilite Yayılımı Analizi

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin turizm talebinin finansal piyasa şoklarına duyarlılığını incelemek amacıyla döviz kuru, BIST100, BIST Turizm, CDS ve VIX gibi temel finansal değişkenler ile turist sayısı arasındaki volatilite ilişkilerini GARCH türü modeller aracılığıyla analiz etmektedir. Turizm sektörünün ekonomik ve finansal dalgalanmalara yüksek duyarlılık sergilediği literatürde geniş ölçüde kabul görmektedir; bu bağlamda çalışma, Türkiye piyasalarının özgün dinamiklerini dikkate alarak finansal volatilite ve turizm talebi arasındaki yönlü bağlantılılığı ortaya koymaktadır. Ampirik bulgular, finansal piyasalarda artan oynaklığın turizm talebinde belirgin dalgalanmalara yol açtığını ve özellikle döviz kuru ile CDS primindeki şokların turizm talebi üzerinde güçlü etkiler yarattığını göstermektedir. Bu sonuçlar, hem arz hem de talep yönlü ekonomik aktörler açısından finansal risklerin etkin izlenmesinin gerekliliğini ortaya koymakta ve turizm sektörünün finansal kırılganlıklara karşı yapısal savunmasızlığını bir kez daha doğrulamaktadır. Çalışmanın bulguları literatürdeki mevcut çalışmalar ile genel olarak uyumlu olmakla birlikte, dinamik yönlü bağlantılılık analizleri aracılığıyla turizm talebine yönelik finansal şokların eşzamanlı ve gecikmeli etkilerini birlikte değerlendirmesi bakımından literatüre özgün bir metodolojik katkı sunmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlara dayanarak, politika yapıcılara turizm sektörünün finansal kırılganlığını azaltmaya yönelik makro ihtiyati tedbirlerin güçlendirilmesi ve turizm gelirlerinin çeşitlendirilmesi yönünde stratejik öneriler sunulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Turizm talebi
• finansal volatilite
• döviz kuru şokları
• GARCH modelleri
• Türkiye ekonomisi.

The Sensitivity of Tourism Demand to Financial Market Shocks: A Volatility Spillover Analysis Using the TVP-VAR Approach

Öz

This study analyses the volatility relationships between key financial variables such as exchange rate, BIST100, BIST Tourism, CDS and VIX, and tourist numbers, using GARCH-type models, with the aim of examining the sensitivity of Turkey's tourism demand to financial market shocks. It is widely accepted in the literature that the tourism sector exhibits high sensitivity to economic and financial fluctuations; in this context, the study reveals the directional link between financial volatility and tourism demand, taking into account the unique dynamics of Turkish markets. Empirical findings show that increased volatility in financial markets leads to significant fluctuations in tourism demand and that shocks in the exchange rate and CDS premiums, in particular, have a strong impact on tourism demand. These results highlight the necessity of effectively monitoring financial risks for both supply and demand-side economic actors and reaffirm the tourism sector's structural vulnerability to financial fragilities. The findings of this study are generally consistent with existing studies in the literature. However, it offers a unique methodological contribution to the literature by simultaneously assessing the simultaneous and lagged effects of financial shocks on tourism demand through dynamic interconnectivity analyses. Based on the results obtained, strategic recommendations are presented to policymakers regarding the strengthening of macroprudential measures aimed at reducing the financial fragility of the tourism sector and diversifying tourism revenues.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tourism demand
• financial volatility
• exchange rate shocks
• GARCH models
• Turkish economy.

Kaynakça

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