NASA Tedarik Harcamalarının Uzay Ekonomisine Etkisi: ABD Eyaletleri Üzerine Ampirik Uygulama

Öz

ABD uzay ekonomisine doğrudan ve dolaylı ekonomik etkiler sağlayan NASA, 2021 yılında 71.2 milyar dolar gelir ve yaklaşık 340 bin istihdam olanağı sağlamıştır. 2021 yılında gerçekleştirilen 21.2 milyar dolar tedarik harcaması ile ülkedeki üreticiler ve buna bağlı alt üreticiler desteklenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı NASA tedarik harcamalarının ABD uzay ekonomisine olan etkisini incelemektir. 2021 yılı verileri ile 51 eyalet üzerine yatay kesit analizi yapılmıştır. Uzay katma değeri üzerinde etkili olduğu düşünülen uzay istihdamı, uzay vergi gelirleri, gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla ve NASA tedarik harcamaları değişkenleri modele dahil edilmiştir. Model tahmininde Kantil Regresyon yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Tahmin sonuçları tüm değişkenlerin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve ABD uzay katma değeri üzerinde pozitif bir etkisinin olduğunu göstermektedir. Uzay katma değeri üzerinde en etkili olan değişkenin ise NASA tedarik harcamaları olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular, NASA’nın ABD uzay endüstrisi için önemli bir çarpan etkisi oluşturduğuna işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uzay Ekonomisi
• NASA Tedarik Harcamaları
• Kantil Regresyon
• Uzay İstihdamı
• Ticari Uzay

The Impact of NASA Procurement on the Space Economy: An Empirical Analysis on US States

Öz

NASA, which provides both direct and indirect economic impacts on the U.S. space economy, generated 71.2 billion dollars revenue and approximately 340.000 employment opportunities in 2021. Through procurement expenditures amounting to 21.2 billion dollars in 2021, manufacturers and their associated subcontractors across the country were supported. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of NASA's procurement expenditures on the U.S. space economy. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 51 states using data from 2021. Space employment, space tax revenues, gross domestic product and NASA procurement expenditures variables, which are thought to have an impact on space added value, were included in the model. Quantile Regression method was used in model estimation. Estimation results show that all variables are statistically significant and have a positive impact on US space added value. It was observed that the most effective variable on space added value was NASA procurement expenditures. The findings indicate that NASA creates a significant multiplier effect for the US space industry.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Space Economy
• NASA Procurement
• Quantile Regression
• Space Employment
• Commercial Space

Kaynakça

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