İklim Krizine Alternatif Bir Çözüm: Büyümeme

Öz

Bu çalışma, ekonomik büyümenin çevresel ve toplumsal etkileri çerçevesinde alternatif bir ekonomik yaklaşım sunan büyümeme (degrowth) akımını incelemektedir. Bu görüş, sınırsız ekonomik büyüme paradigmasının doğal kaynakların sınırlılıkları ve çevresel etkileri göz önüne alındığında sürdürülebilir bir hedef olmadığını öne sürmektedir. Büyümeme akımının gelişimi, güncel durumu, felsefesi ve ekonomik modeli bu makalede bir bütün olarak ele alınmıştır. Bu doğrultuda ilk olarak akımın ortaya çıkışı, tarihçesi ve felsefi temelleri açıklanmıştır. Ardından büyümeme görüşüne benzer bir şekilde çevresel kaygılar ile ekonomik faaliyetlerin düzenlenmesini ön gören sürdürülebilir kalkınma ve yeşil büyüme yaklaşımları ele alınmıştır. Sonraki bölümde bu görüşlerin sundukları politikalar ile büyümeme görüşünün önerileri arasında karşılaştırmalı bir analiz yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, büyümeme akımının ekonomik, toplumsal ve çevresel boyutlarına odaklanılarak, günümüzdeki iklim krizine ve doğal kaynakların tükenmesine yönelik çözüm önerileri tartışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak büyümeme, iklim krizine tepki olarak ortaya çıkan ve ekonomik faaliyetlerin yavaşlatılmasını öneren bir yaklaşım olarak özetlenmiştir. Bu görüş ekonomik büyümenin azalmasının yoksulluk ve eşitsizliği artırabileceği, teknolojik gelişmeleri olumsuz etkileyebileceği ve uygulanabilirliğinin düşük olduğu eleştirileriyle karşılaşmaktadır. Ayrıca büyümeme politikalarının küresel iş birliği olmadan uygulanmasının gelişmişlik farklarını artıracağı belirtilmektedir. Büyümeme, çevresel krizlere yönelik radikal çözümler sunarken, hükümetler ve uluslararası kuruluşlar yeşil büyüme ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma gibi daha ılımlı yaklaşımları tercih etmektedir. İklim değişikliğinin gelecekteki etkileri, hangi yaklaşımın daha etkili olduğunu gösterecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Büyümeme
• İklim Krizi
• Ekolojik Ekonomi
• Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma
• Yeşil Büyüme

An Alternative Solution to the Climate Crisis: Degrowth

Öz

This study examines the degrowth movement, which offers an alternative economic approach within the framework of the environmental and social impacts of economic growth. This view argues that the paradigm of unlimited economic growth is not a sustainable goal, considering the limitations of natural resources and environmental effects. The development, current state, philosophy, and economic model of the degrowth movement are discussed as a whole in this article. In this regard, the emergence, history, and philosophical foundations of the movement are explained first. Then, approaches like sustainable development and green growth, which similarly focus on regulating economic activities with environmental concerns in mind, are examined. In the next section, a comparative analysis is made between the policies offered by these views and the proposals of the degrowth movement. Furthermore, focusing on the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of degrowth, potential solutions to the current climate crisis and the depletion of natural resources are discussed. As a result, degrowth is summarized as an approach that emerged in response to the climate crisis and suggests slowing down economic activities. This view faces criticism that reducing economic growth could increase poverty and inequality, negatively affect technological progress, and be less feasible. Additionally, it is noted that applying degrowth policies without global cooperation would exacerbate development gaps. While degrowth offers radical solutions to environmental crises, governments, and international organizations tend to favor more moderate approaches such as green growth and sustainable development. The future effects of climate change will determine which approach is more effective.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Degrowth
• Climate Crisis
• Ecological Economics
• Sustainable Development
• Green Growth

Kaynakça

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