Kadınların Geleneksel Rollerinde Ücret Eşitsizliği: Uygulamalar ve İncelemeler

Öz

Kadınların geleneksel rolleri arasında yer alan ev işleri, hane halkının hem doğrudan bakımını hem de yemek pişirme ve ısınma gibi dolaylı işlerini kapsayan ücretsiz işler olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu işler, teorik olarak kabul edilse bile belgelenemedikleri için genellikle ücretlendirilememekte, kadınların bazı uygulamalardan ve politikalardan yararlanamaması eşitsizlikler yaratabilmektedir. Bu eşitsizlikleri ise, ev işleri ve evde bakım işinin tanınması, olumsuzlukların azaltılması veya kaldırılması amacıyla oluşturulacak politikalara bağlı olmaktadır. Böyle bir politika, hemen her ülkede mevcut uygulamalar olan kamu hizmetleri ve ev işlerinde ortak sorumluluğun dağıtılması gibi başlıklar altında toplanabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kadınların ev ve evde bakım işlerini uygulamalar ve veriler ile analiz ederek ücret eşitsizliği hakkında genel bir çerçeve sunmaktır. Buna göre, UN, ILO, World Bank, OECD ve IFC verileri ile bazı ülkelerde yapılan uygulamalar birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, kadınların hemen her toplumda aynı güce ve aynı niteliğe sahip grup olmadığı ve homojen olmayan böyle bir yapının da ücret eşitsizliklerinin temel nedenlerinden biri olduğu ifade edilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kadının geleneksel rolleri
• ücretsiz ev ve evde bakım işleri
• toplumsal eşitsizlik.

An Analysis of Inequality in Women's Traditional Roles: Apps and Reviews

Öz

Housework, which is among the traditional roles of women, is defined as non-market, unpaid work that includes both direct care of the household and indirect work such as cooking and fetching water and fuel. Even if these jobs are accepted theoretically, they usually cannot be paid because they cannot be documented. Restricting women's benefit from some programs and policies may create inequalities. This inequality is based on the creation of a policy regarding the recognition of unpaid care work and the reduction and removal of negativities. Such a policy can be grouped under headings such as distribution of shared responsibility for public services and household chores, which are current practices in almost every country. The aim of this study is to provide a general framework about inequality by analyzing women's house and care work with data. Accordingly, UN, ILO, World Bank, OECD and IFC data and data from studies conducted in some countries were evaluated together. As a result of the study, it can be stated that women are not a group with the same power and the same qualifications in almost every society, and such a non-homogeneous structure causes inequalities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Traditional roles of women
• unpaid housework and care work
• social inequality.

Kaynakça

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