Land Shortages for Cemeteries in Cities and Practices for Solution: Cases from the World and Turkey

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3, 749 - 764, 25.12.2020

Gülizar Çakır Sümer

Öz

Kentlerde Mezarlık Alan Yetersizliği ve Çözüme Yönelik Uygulamalar: Dünyadan ve Türkiye’den Örnekler

Öz

Kentleşme hızının artması, kentlerde çözülmesi gereken sorunları da çoğaltmaktadır. Pek çok kentsel işlev için yetersiz kalan ve pahalılaşan kent toprağında, giderek büyüyen bir ihtiyaç olarak mezarlık alanlarına daha fazla yer ayrılması gerekmektedir. Bu durumda, mezarlıkların hızlı bir biçimde dolması kentler ve özellikle de büyük metropoller için giderek ağırlaşan ve acil çözüm bekleyen sorunlardan biri haline gelmektedir. Bu noktada kent yönetimleri yeni arayışlar içerisine girerek artan mezarlık alanı ihtiyacını çözmeye yönelik politikalar geliştirmektedirler. Bu çalışmanın konusu büyük kentlerde artan mezarlık alan sıkıntısı ve buna yönelik politikaların değerlendirilmesidir. Bu bağlamda dünyanın farklı kentlerinde artan mezarlık alan ihtiyacını çözmeye yönelik sürecin ne yönde ilerlediği, büyük kentler üzerinden ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma literatür taramasına dayalı olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak kentlerde mezarlık alan ihtiyacı artmaktadır. Bu sorunu çözmede mezarların tekrar kullanılması, yer altı ve yer üstü çok katlı mezarlıkların oluşturulması, kremasyonun teşvik edilmesi, kalabalık kentlerde ölü gömmenin yasaklanması gibi politikalara ağırlık verildiği görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mezarlık alanlar, mezarlık yetersizliği, kentleşme ve mezarlıklar, mezarlık politikaları

Kaynakça

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