Likenlerin doğal insektisit olarak kullanımı

Öz

Tarım, geçmişten günümüze kadar insanoğlu için en büyük istihdam kaynaklarından biri olmuştur. Bu alanda elde edilen ürünler ülke ekonomilerine önemli ölçüde katkı sağlamaktadır. Bununla birlikte, ürün veriminde düşüşlere sebep olan organizma sayısı bir hayli fazladır. Zararlı organizmalar ile mücadele konusunda tercih edilen uygulamaların başında kimyasal insektisit kullanımı gelmektedir. Fakat bu insektisitlerin yan etkilerinin yüksek düzeyde olması araştırmacıları alternatif çalışma konularına yönlendirmiştir. Biyolojik mücadele başlığı altında ele alınan, doğal ürünler aracılığı ile insektisit üretimi popüler alanlar içerisinde yer almaktadır. Likenler de yapılarında bulunan kendilerine özgü bileşenleri sayesinde doğal insektisit kaynaklarına malzeme olmaktadır. Yıllardır birçok alanda yararlanılan likenlerin gerek ekstraktları gerekse saf bileşenleri aracılığı ile farklı böcek türleri üzerinde toksik etkileri test edilmektedir. Bu noktada, likenlerden yüksek oranda verim elde edilmekle beraber çalışmaların ağırlıklı olarak ekstraktlar üzerinde gerçekleştirildiği dikkat çekmektedir. Tüm bu çalışmalar ışığında, farklı türler üzerinde insektisit aktivite gösteren likenlerdeki aktif bileşenlerin ve böceklerdeki etki mekanizmalarının tespiti üzerine gerçekleştirilecek çalışmaların artırılması ile biyolojik insektisit üretim basamağına katkı sağlanacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ekstrakt
• İnsektisit
• Liken
• Metabolit

Use of lichens as natural insecticide

Öz

Agriculture has become one of the greatest sources of employment for mankind from the past to the present. The products obtained in this area provide a significant contribution to the national economies. However, the number of organisms causing the decline in crop yield is quite high. The preferred applications for combating harmful organisms are the use of chemical insecticides. However, the high level of side effects of these insecticides led researchers to alternative study areas. Insecticide production through natural products that is under the title of biological struggle, is within popular areas. Lichens are also materials for natural insecticide sources due to their unique constituents in the constructions. For many years, the toxic effects of lichens utilized in many fields on different insect species have been tested through their extracts and pure components. At this point, it is noteworthy that while high yield is obtained from lichens, the studies are predominantly carried out on the extracts. In the light of all these studies, it will be contributed to biological insecticide production stage by increasing of the studies performed on determination

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Extract
• Insecticide
• Lichen
• Metabolite

Kaynakça

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