İklim değişikliğinin ormanlar üzerindeki etkisi: İklim akılcı ormancılık bakış açısı

Öz

Antropojenik iklim değişikliği zamanımızın temel sorunu olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Teknolojinin hayatımıza girmesiyle yaşanan olumlu gelişmelerin yanında iklim ve doğaya verilen zararın, özellikle iklim değişikliği etkisinin en aza indirgenmesine yönelik farklı çözüm önerileri ortaya atılmıştır. Bunların ortak paydası iklim değişikliği ile mücadelede sosyal çevre faktörü ile uyum (adaptasyon) ve azaltım stratejilerine ağırlık verilmesidir. Son yıllarda orman ekosistemlerinin bütünlüğünün korunması ve işlevselliğinin sürdürülebilmesi için gelecekte etkisinin artacağı öngörülen iklim değişikliğinden olabildiğince az etkilenmesi ve bu değişiklikten kaynaklanan olumsuz etkilere uyum sağlanmasında İklim Akılcı Ormancılık (İKAKO) adı verilen stratejiler geliştirilmektedir. Bu stratejiler ormanlar ve orman sektöründe pratikteki uygulamaları yönlendirmek için ölçüt ve göstergelerle desteklenen sürdürülebilir uyumlu orman yönetimleridir. Bu anlamda çalışmanın amacı iklim ve iklim değişikliğine karşı dünya ve ülkemiz özelinde yapılan bilimsel çalışmalar ve bu soruna karşı son yıllarda geliştirilen reflekslerin neler olduğunu ortaya çıkarmaktır. Ayrıca Dünya ve Türkiye özelinde iklim değişikliğinin nasıl tanımlandığı, ne gibi senaryolar üzerinden soruna yaklaşıldığı ve iklim değişikliğinin ormanlara etkisinin ne olacağı sorularına cevap aranacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uyum (adaptasyon)
• iklim değişikliği
• iklim akılcı ormancılık (İKAKO)
• azaltım.
• Adaptation
• climate change
• climate-smart forestry (CSF)
• mitigation

Effects of climate change on forests: Climate-smart forestry perspective

Öz

Anthropogenic climate change is defined as the fundamental problem of our time. Different solutions have been proposed to minimize the damage to the climate and nature, especially the effect of climate change in addition to the positive developments in technology. The solutions have the same goal to focus on adaptation and mitigation strategies together with the social environment factor in the fight against climate change. Strategies called as Climate Smart Forestry (CSF) have been developed to protect the integrity of forest ecosystems, maintain their functionality, adapt to the negative effect, and be affected as little as possible by climate change in the future. These strategies are sustainable compatible forest management supported by criteria and indicators to guide practical applications in forests and the forest sector. In this sense, the study aims to reveal the scientific studies conducted in the world and our country against climate and climate change and the reflexes developed in recent years. Moreover, answers will be sought to the questions of how climate change is defined in the world and Turkey, what kind of scenarios the problem is approached and what the impact of climate change will be on forests.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adaptation
• climate change
• climate-smart forestry (CSF)
• mitigation

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