Characterization, Bioactive Properties and Antifungal Activity of Chlorella protothecoides Microalgae Oil

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 217 - 225, 02.09.2019

Azime Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.613575

Öz

Microalgae
can produce valuable metabolites such as protein, fatty acids, carbohydrates,
minerals, pigments, vitamins, sterols, antioxidants and bioactive polyphenols,
which are rich sources of active ingredients. Thanks to these valuable
metabolites, microalgae today have the potential to be used in many areas such
as food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and agriculture. Green single cell Chlorella sp. belonging to the Chlorophyta group shows antitumor,
anticoagulant, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and antioxidant activity.
It is known that microalgae oils have antimicrobial effect against fungal
microorganisms and can be used as a preservative in foods. In this study, the antifungal
activity of Chlorella protothecoides
microalgae oil, an alternative to chemical preservation, against Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus parasiticus fungi, which may
cause qualitative and quantitative losses in foods, was determined. The
antifungal effect of C. protothecoides
microalgae oil prepared by using 5% and 10% concentrations in dimethyl
sulfoxide (DMSO) against these fungi was determined by the disc diffusion
method. In both fungal pathogens, C.
protothecoides microalgae oil decreased micellar growth. The antioxidant
activity of the C. protothecoides
microalgae oil was determined using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH)
free radical removal method. Antioxidant effect of microalgae oil was
determined as 45.93%. C. protothecoides
microalgae oil had an antifungal activity against P. chrysogenum and A. parasiticus.
According to the results, it can be concluded that C. protothecoides oil may be used as a food preservative in the
food industry.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Microalgae oil, Antioxidant activity, Antifungal activity, Chlorella protothecoides, Disc diffusion method

Chlorella protothecoides Mikroalg Yağının Karakterizasyonu, Biyoaktif Özellikleri ve Antifungal Etkinliği

Öz

Mikroalgler protein, yağ
asitleri, karbonhidrat, mineral, pigment, vitaminler, steroller, antioksidanlar
ve biyoaktif polifenoller gibi değerli metabolitler üretilebilen, aktif bileşenler
açısından zengin kaynaklardır. Bu değerli metobolitleri sayesinde günümüzde
mikroalgler gıda, kozmetik, eczacılık, tarım gibi birçok alanda kullanım
potansiyeline sahiptir. Chlorophyta grubuna ait yeşil tek hücreli Chlorella
sp. antitümör, antikoagülan, antibakteriyel, antiviral, antifungal ve antioksidan
aktivite göstermektedir. Mikroalg türlerinden elde edilen mikroalg yağlarının
fungal mikroorganizmalara karşı antimikrobiyal etkiye sahip olduğu ve gıdalarda
koruyucu olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada gıdalarda kalitatif ve
kantitatif kayıplara yol açan Penicillium
chrysogenum ve Aspergillus parasiticus funguslarına karşı, kimyasal
gıda koruyucularına alternatif olabilecek C. protothecoides mikroalg
yağının antifungal etkinliği incelenmiştir. Penicillium
chrysogenum ve Aspergillus parasiticus funguslarına karşı %5 ve %10’luk
konsantrasyonlarda dimetil sülfoksit (DMSO) kullanılarak hazırlanan C.
protothecoides mikroalg yağı, disk difüzyon metodu kullanılarak antifungal
etkisi araştırılmıştır. Her iki fungal patojende C. protothecoides mikroalg
yağının misel gelişimini azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. C. protothecoides mikroalg
yağının antioksidan aktivitesi 1,1-difenil-2-pikril hidrazil (DPPH) serbest
radikali giderme metodu kullanılarak tayin edilmiştir. Mikroalg yağının antioksidan
etkisi %45.93 olarak tespit edilmiştir. C. protothecoides mikroalg yağının,
denenen P. chrysogenum ve A. parasitıcus’a
karşı antifungal aktiviteye sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda C. protothecoides yağının gıda
endüstrisinde gıda koruyucu olarak kullanılabileceği öngörülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mikroalg yağı, Antioksidan aktivite, Antifungal aktivite, Chlorella protothecoides, Disk difüzyon metodu

Kaynakça

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