Fortification of Biscuit with Functional Ingredients
Yıl 2012,
Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 70 - 78, 01.09.2012
Zeynep Aksoylu
Özlem Çağındı
Ergun Köse
Öz
Biscuit is a cereal product of which the consumption and production have increased rapidly in recent years. Several local products have been added to biscuit formulation in order to meet the various taste demands in different geographies over the world. Due to the growth in awareness of healthy nutrition, scientific interest on the production of functional biscuits has also increased to satisfy the consumer demand. The biscuits have been fortified with dietary fiber, protein and antioxidants to produce functional foods in an effort to alleviate the certain health problems in today’s society. In this article, studies on the improvement of biscuits’ nutritional quality and functional properties by means of various natural and synthetic compounds are reviewed
Kaynakça
- FAO. 2007. Report on Functional Foods. FAO, Roma, İtalya.
- Grajek, W., Olejnik, A., Sip, A. 2005. Probiotics, prebiotics and antioxidants as functional foods. Acta Biochimica Polonica 52(3): 665-671.
- Meral, R., Doğan, İ.S. 2009. Fonksiyonel öneme sahip doğal bileşenlerin unlu mamullerin üretiminde kullanımı. Gıda 34(3): 193-198.
- Magda, R.A., Awad, A.M., Selim, K.A. 2008. Evaluation of mandarin and navel orange peels as natural sources of antioxidant in biscuits. Alex. J. Fd. Sci. & Technol. Special Volume Conference, 75-82p.
- Doğan, İ.S. 2005. Van ve çevresinde yetiştirilen bazı buğdayların bisküvilik kalitesi üzerine bir araştırma. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 15(2): 139-148.
- Özkaya, B., Özkaya, H. 1996. Bisküvi üretiminde hamur reolojik özelliklerinin modifikasyonu ve önemi. 2.Un, Bulgur, Bisküvi Sempozyumu, 28-30 Mayıs, 1996, Karaman, Türkiye, 207-220p.
- Sudha, M.L., Vetrimani, R., Leelavathi, K. 2007. Influence of fibre from different cereals on the rheological characteristics of wheat flour dough and on biscuit quality. Food Chemistry 100: 1365-1370.
- Ellouze-Ghorbel, R., Kamoun, A., Neifar, M., Belguith, S., Ayadi, M.A., Kamoun, A., Ellouze- Chaabouni, S. 2010. Development of fiber-enriched biscuits formula by a mixture design. Journal of Texture Studies 41: 472-491.
- Siondalski, P., Lysiak-Szydlowska, W. 2007. Food Components in the Protection of the Cardiovascular System. In Chemical and Functional Properties of Food Components, Edited by Zdzislaw E. Sikorski, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, U.S.A., 445p.
- Vetter, J.L.1988. Commercially available fiber ingredients and bulking agents. Am.Inst. Baking Res. Dep. Tech. Bull 10: 5-8.
- Nandeesh, K., Jyotsna, R., Rao, G.V. 2011. Effect of differently treated wheat bran on rheology, microstructure and quality characteristics of soft dough biscuits. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 35: 179-200.
- Shenoy, A.H., Prakash, J.2002. Wheat bran (Triticum aestivum): Composition, functionality and incorporation in unleavened bread. Journal of Food Quality 25: 197-211.
- Anderson, J.W. 1985. Health implications of wheat fiber. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 41: 1103-1112.
- Leelavathiand, K., Rao, P.H. 1993. Development of high fibre biscuits using wheat bran. J. Food Sci.Technol. 30: 187-191.
- Stanyon, P., Costello, C. 1990. Effects of wheat bran characteristics of biscuits. Cereal Chem. 67(6): 545- on the sensory
- Vitali, D., Dragojević, I.V., Šebečić, B. 2009. Effects of incorporation of integral raw materials and dietary fibre on the selected nutritional and functional properties of biscuits. Food Chemistry 114: 1462- 1469.
- Uchoa, A.M.A., Correia da Costa, J.M., Maia, G.A., Meira, T.R., Sousa, P.H.M., Brasil, I.M. 2009. Formulation and physicochemical and sensorial evaluation of biscuit-type cookies supplemented with fruit powders. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 64: 153- 159.
- Nassar, A.G., AbdEl-Hamied, A.A., El-Naggar, E.A. 2008. Effect of citrus by-products flour incorporation on chemical, rheological characteristics of biscuits. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 4(5): 612-616.
- Ajila, C.M., Leelavathi, K., Prasada Rao, U.J.S. 2008. Improvement of dietary fiber content and antioxidant properties in soft dough biscuits with the incorporation of mango peel powder. Journal of Cereal Science 48: 319-326.
- Krishnan, R., Dharmaraj, U., Sai Manohar, R., Malleshi, N.G. 2011. Quality characteristics of biscuits prepared from finger millet seed coat based composite flour. Food Chemistry 129(2): 499-506.
- Bunde, M.C., Osundahunsi, F.O., Akinoso, R. 2010. Supplementation of biscuit using rice bran and soybean flour. African Journal of Food Agriculture Nutrition and Development 10(9): 4047-4059.
- Uysal, H., Bilgiçli, N., Elgün, A., İbanoğlu, Ş., Herken, E.N., Demir, M.K. 2007. Effect of dietary fibre and xylanase enzyme addition on the selected properties of wire-cut cookies. Journal of Food Engineering 78: 1074-1078.
- Bilgiçli, N., İbanoğlu, Ş., Herken, E.N. 2007. Effect of dietary fibre addition on the selected nutritional properties of cookies. Journal of Food Engineering 78: 86-89.
- Özkaya, B., Demir, Z. 1999. Unların bisküvilik özelliklerine değişik kaynaklı bitkisel liflerin etkileri. Unlu Mamüller Teknolojisi 8(1): 58-64.
- Gül, H., Yanık, A., Acun, S. 2011. Effects of white cabbage powder on cookie quality. International Food Congress-Novel Approaches in Food Industry, 26-29 Mayıs, 2011, İzmir, Türkiye, 174p.
- Singh, P., Kumar, R., Sabapathy, S.N., Bawa, A.S. 2008. Functional and edible uses of soy protein products. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 7: 14-28.
- Kumar, S., Sinha, R., Sinha, L.K. 2010. Evaluation of quality characteristics of soy based millet biscuits. Adv. Appl. Sci. Res. 1(3): 187-196.
- Banureka, V.D., Mahendran, T. 2009. Formulation of wheat-soybean biscuits and their quality characteristics.Tropical Agricultural Research and Extension 12(2): 62-66.
- Gürsu, Ö., Ercan, R., Denli, E. 1997. Soya unu katkısının bisküvi kalitesine ve raf ömrüne etkisi. Gıda 22(2): 95-103.
- Ugwuona, F.U. 2009. Chemical and sensory evaluation of soy-fortified cassava-wheat biscuit. Journal of Tropical Agriculture, Food, Environment and Extension 8(1): 55-59.
- Ayo, J.A., Ayo, V.A., Nkama, I., Adewori, R. 2007. Physiochemical, organoleptic evaluation of “Acha” wheat biscuit supplemented with soybean flour. Nigerian Food Journal 25(1): 77-89. digestibility and
- Tyagi, S.K., Manikantan, M.R., Oberoi, H.S., Kaur, G. 2007. Effect of mustard flour incorporation on nutritional, textural and organoleptic characteristics of biscuits. Journal of Food Engineering 80: 1043- 1050.
- Hooda, S., Jood, S. 2005. Organoleptic and nutritional supplemented with untreated and treated fenugreek flour. Food Chemistry 90: 427-435. of wheat biscuits
- Hegazy, A.I., Ibrahium, M.I. 2009. Evaluation of the nutritional protein quality of wheat biscuit supplemented by fenugreek seed flour. World Journal of Dairy & Food Sciences 4(2): 129-135.
- Aroyeun, S.O. 2009. Utilization of cashew kernel meals in the nutritional enrichment of biscuits. African Journal of Food Science 3(10): 316-319.
- Srivastava, Y., Semwal, A.D., Sharma, G.K., Bawa, A.S. 2010. Effect of virgin coconut meal (VCM) on the textural, thermal and physico chemical properties of biscuits. Food and Nutrition Sciences 2: 38-44.
- Prasanna, B.M., Vasal, S.K., Kassahun, B., Singh, N.N. 2001. Quality protein maize. Current Science 81(10): 1308-1319.
- Giwa, E.O., Victor, I.A. 2010. Quality characteristics of biscuits produced from composite flours of wheat and quality protein maize. African Journal of Food Science and Technology 1(5): 116-119.
- Nwokolo, E. 1987. Nutritional evaluation of pigeon pea meal. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 37: 283- 290.
- Amarteifio, J.O., Munthali, D.C., Karikari, S.K., Morake, T.K. 2002. The composition of pigeon peas (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) grown in Botswana. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 57: 173-177.
- Tiwari, B.K., Brennan, C.S., Jaganmohan, R., Surabi, A., Alagusundaram, K. 2011. Utilisation of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) byproducts in biscuit manufacture. Food Science and Technology 44: 1533-1537.
- Akubor, P.I. 2003. Functional properties and performance of cowpea/plantain/wheat flour blends in biscuits. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 58: 1-8.
- El-Adawy, T.A. 2002. Nutritional composition and antinutritional factors of chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) undergoing different cooking methods and germination. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 57: 83-97.
- Rababah, T.M., Al-Mahasneh, M.A., Ereifej, K.I. 2006. Effect of chickpea, broad bean, or isolated soy protein additions on the physicochemical and sensory properties of biscuits. Journal of Food Science 71(6): 438-442.
- Gandhi, A.P., Taimini, V. 2009. Organoleptic and nutritional assesment of sesame (Sesame indicum, L.) biscuits. As.J.Food Ag-Ind. 2(02): 87-92.
- Elleuch, M., Besbes, S., Roiseux, O., Blecker, C., Attia, H. 2007. Quality characteristics of sesame seeds and by-products. Food Chemistry 103: 641
- Escamilla-Silva, E.M., Guzmán-Maldonado, S.H., Cano-Medinal, A., González- Alatorre, G. 2003. Simplified process for the production of sesame protein calorimetry and nutritional, physicochemical and functional properties. J. Sci. Food Agric 83: 972- 979. Differential scanning
- Indiramma, A.R. 2010. Effect of vanilla extract on
- radical scavenging activity in biscuits. Flavour
- Fragr. J. 25(6): 488-492.
- Reddy, V., Urooj, A., Kumar, A. 2005. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of some plant extracts and their application in biscuits. Food Chemistry 90: 317-321.
- Kabaktepe, M.N., Kılmanoğlu, S., Özbey, A., Uygun, U. 2008. Antioxidant activity of cookies and cakes supplemented with cornelian cherry fruit. Proceedings of Bosphorus 2008 ICC International Conference, 24-26 Nisan, 2008, İstanbul, Türkiye, 117p.
- Acun, S., Gül, H. 2011. Some functional properties of grape seed and its effects on the quality of cookies. International Food Congress- Novel Approaches in Food Industry, 26-29 Mayıs, 2011, İzmir, Türkiye, 672p.
Bisküvinin Fonksiyonel Bileşenlerce Zenginleştirilmesi
Yıl 2012,
Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 70 - 78, 01.09.2012
Zeynep Aksoylu
Özlem Çağındı
Ergun Köse
Öz
Bisküvi, son yıllarda tüm dünyada üretimi ve tüketimi hızla artan bir tahıl ürünüdür. Farklı coğrafyalarda farklı lezzet taleplerini karşılamak amacıyla bileşime çeşitli yerel ürünler ilave edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte günümüzün yaygın hastalıklarının önlenmesine yönelik yapılan araştırmalarda fonksiyonel özellik taşıyan bisküvilerin elde edilmesi için çalışılmaktadır. Sağlıklı beslenme bilincinin artmasıyla fonksiyonel gıdalara olan talep ve bu talebin karşılanması amacıyla gerçekleştirilen çalışmaların sayısı gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Bu çalışmaların merkezini diyet lifi, protein ve antioksidanlarca zenginleştirilen, fonksiyonel özellik kazandırılan bisküviler oluşturmaktadır. Bu makalede çeşitli doğal veya yapay bileşenlerin kullanılmasıyla bisküvilerin besleyicilik değerinin ve fonksiyonellik özelliklerinin artırılması hedefi ile yürütülen çalışmalar sonucunda elde edilen veriler derlenmiştir
Kaynakça
- FAO. 2007. Report on Functional Foods. FAO, Roma, İtalya.
- Grajek, W., Olejnik, A., Sip, A. 2005. Probiotics, prebiotics and antioxidants as functional foods. Acta Biochimica Polonica 52(3): 665-671.
- Meral, R., Doğan, İ.S. 2009. Fonksiyonel öneme sahip doğal bileşenlerin unlu mamullerin üretiminde kullanımı. Gıda 34(3): 193-198.
- Magda, R.A., Awad, A.M., Selim, K.A. 2008. Evaluation of mandarin and navel orange peels as natural sources of antioxidant in biscuits. Alex. J. Fd. Sci. & Technol. Special Volume Conference, 75-82p.
- Doğan, İ.S. 2005. Van ve çevresinde yetiştirilen bazı buğdayların bisküvilik kalitesi üzerine bir araştırma. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 15(2): 139-148.
- Özkaya, B., Özkaya, H. 1996. Bisküvi üretiminde hamur reolojik özelliklerinin modifikasyonu ve önemi. 2.Un, Bulgur, Bisküvi Sempozyumu, 28-30 Mayıs, 1996, Karaman, Türkiye, 207-220p.
- Sudha, M.L., Vetrimani, R., Leelavathi, K. 2007. Influence of fibre from different cereals on the rheological characteristics of wheat flour dough and on biscuit quality. Food Chemistry 100: 1365-1370.
- Ellouze-Ghorbel, R., Kamoun, A., Neifar, M., Belguith, S., Ayadi, M.A., Kamoun, A., Ellouze- Chaabouni, S. 2010. Development of fiber-enriched biscuits formula by a mixture design. Journal of Texture Studies 41: 472-491.
- Siondalski, P., Lysiak-Szydlowska, W. 2007. Food Components in the Protection of the Cardiovascular System. In Chemical and Functional Properties of Food Components, Edited by Zdzislaw E. Sikorski, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, U.S.A., 445p.
- Vetter, J.L.1988. Commercially available fiber ingredients and bulking agents. Am.Inst. Baking Res. Dep. Tech. Bull 10: 5-8.
- Nandeesh, K., Jyotsna, R., Rao, G.V. 2011. Effect of differently treated wheat bran on rheology, microstructure and quality characteristics of soft dough biscuits. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 35: 179-200.
- Shenoy, A.H., Prakash, J.2002. Wheat bran (Triticum aestivum): Composition, functionality and incorporation in unleavened bread. Journal of Food Quality 25: 197-211.
- Anderson, J.W. 1985. Health implications of wheat fiber. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 41: 1103-1112.
- Leelavathiand, K., Rao, P.H. 1993. Development of high fibre biscuits using wheat bran. J. Food Sci.Technol. 30: 187-191.
- Stanyon, P., Costello, C. 1990. Effects of wheat bran characteristics of biscuits. Cereal Chem. 67(6): 545- on the sensory
- Vitali, D., Dragojević, I.V., Šebečić, B. 2009. Effects of incorporation of integral raw materials and dietary fibre on the selected nutritional and functional properties of biscuits. Food Chemistry 114: 1462- 1469.
- Uchoa, A.M.A., Correia da Costa, J.M., Maia, G.A., Meira, T.R., Sousa, P.H.M., Brasil, I.M. 2009. Formulation and physicochemical and sensorial evaluation of biscuit-type cookies supplemented with fruit powders. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 64: 153- 159.
- Nassar, A.G., AbdEl-Hamied, A.A., El-Naggar, E.A. 2008. Effect of citrus by-products flour incorporation on chemical, rheological characteristics of biscuits. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 4(5): 612-616.
- Ajila, C.M., Leelavathi, K., Prasada Rao, U.J.S. 2008. Improvement of dietary fiber content and antioxidant properties in soft dough biscuits with the incorporation of mango peel powder. Journal of Cereal Science 48: 319-326.
- Krishnan, R., Dharmaraj, U., Sai Manohar, R., Malleshi, N.G. 2011. Quality characteristics of biscuits prepared from finger millet seed coat based composite flour. Food Chemistry 129(2): 499-506.
- Bunde, M.C., Osundahunsi, F.O., Akinoso, R. 2010. Supplementation of biscuit using rice bran and soybean flour. African Journal of Food Agriculture Nutrition and Development 10(9): 4047-4059.
- Uysal, H., Bilgiçli, N., Elgün, A., İbanoğlu, Ş., Herken, E.N., Demir, M.K. 2007. Effect of dietary fibre and xylanase enzyme addition on the selected properties of wire-cut cookies. Journal of Food Engineering 78: 1074-1078.
- Bilgiçli, N., İbanoğlu, Ş., Herken, E.N. 2007. Effect of dietary fibre addition on the selected nutritional properties of cookies. Journal of Food Engineering 78: 86-89.
- Özkaya, B., Demir, Z. 1999. Unların bisküvilik özelliklerine değişik kaynaklı bitkisel liflerin etkileri. Unlu Mamüller Teknolojisi 8(1): 58-64.
- Gül, H., Yanık, A., Acun, S. 2011. Effects of white cabbage powder on cookie quality. International Food Congress-Novel Approaches in Food Industry, 26-29 Mayıs, 2011, İzmir, Türkiye, 174p.
- Singh, P., Kumar, R., Sabapathy, S.N., Bawa, A.S. 2008. Functional and edible uses of soy protein products. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 7: 14-28.
- Kumar, S., Sinha, R., Sinha, L.K. 2010. Evaluation of quality characteristics of soy based millet biscuits. Adv. Appl. Sci. Res. 1(3): 187-196.
- Banureka, V.D., Mahendran, T. 2009. Formulation of wheat-soybean biscuits and their quality characteristics.Tropical Agricultural Research and Extension 12(2): 62-66.
- Gürsu, Ö., Ercan, R., Denli, E. 1997. Soya unu katkısının bisküvi kalitesine ve raf ömrüne etkisi. Gıda 22(2): 95-103.
- Ugwuona, F.U. 2009. Chemical and sensory evaluation of soy-fortified cassava-wheat biscuit. Journal of Tropical Agriculture, Food, Environment and Extension 8(1): 55-59.
- Ayo, J.A., Ayo, V.A., Nkama, I., Adewori, R. 2007. Physiochemical, organoleptic evaluation of “Acha” wheat biscuit supplemented with soybean flour. Nigerian Food Journal 25(1): 77-89. digestibility and
- Tyagi, S.K., Manikantan, M.R., Oberoi, H.S., Kaur, G. 2007. Effect of mustard flour incorporation on nutritional, textural and organoleptic characteristics of biscuits. Journal of Food Engineering 80: 1043- 1050.
- Hooda, S., Jood, S. 2005. Organoleptic and nutritional supplemented with untreated and treated fenugreek flour. Food Chemistry 90: 427-435. of wheat biscuits
- Hegazy, A.I., Ibrahium, M.I. 2009. Evaluation of the nutritional protein quality of wheat biscuit supplemented by fenugreek seed flour. World Journal of Dairy & Food Sciences 4(2): 129-135.
- Aroyeun, S.O. 2009. Utilization of cashew kernel meals in the nutritional enrichment of biscuits. African Journal of Food Science 3(10): 316-319.
- Srivastava, Y., Semwal, A.D., Sharma, G.K., Bawa, A.S. 2010. Effect of virgin coconut meal (VCM) on the textural, thermal and physico chemical properties of biscuits. Food and Nutrition Sciences 2: 38-44.
- Prasanna, B.M., Vasal, S.K., Kassahun, B., Singh, N.N. 2001. Quality protein maize. Current Science 81(10): 1308-1319.
- Giwa, E.O., Victor, I.A. 2010. Quality characteristics of biscuits produced from composite flours of wheat and quality protein maize. African Journal of Food Science and Technology 1(5): 116-119.
- Nwokolo, E. 1987. Nutritional evaluation of pigeon pea meal. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 37: 283- 290.
- Amarteifio, J.O., Munthali, D.C., Karikari, S.K., Morake, T.K. 2002. The composition of pigeon peas (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) grown in Botswana. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 57: 173-177.
- Tiwari, B.K., Brennan, C.S., Jaganmohan, R., Surabi, A., Alagusundaram, K. 2011. Utilisation of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) byproducts in biscuit manufacture. Food Science and Technology 44: 1533-1537.
- Akubor, P.I. 2003. Functional properties and performance of cowpea/plantain/wheat flour blends in biscuits. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 58: 1-8.
- El-Adawy, T.A. 2002. Nutritional composition and antinutritional factors of chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) undergoing different cooking methods and germination. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 57: 83-97.
- Rababah, T.M., Al-Mahasneh, M.A., Ereifej, K.I. 2006. Effect of chickpea, broad bean, or isolated soy protein additions on the physicochemical and sensory properties of biscuits. Journal of Food Science 71(6): 438-442.
- Gandhi, A.P., Taimini, V. 2009. Organoleptic and nutritional assesment of sesame (Sesame indicum, L.) biscuits. As.J.Food Ag-Ind. 2(02): 87-92.
- Elleuch, M., Besbes, S., Roiseux, O., Blecker, C., Attia, H. 2007. Quality characteristics of sesame seeds and by-products. Food Chemistry 103: 641
- Escamilla-Silva, E.M., Guzmán-Maldonado, S.H., Cano-Medinal, A., González- Alatorre, G. 2003. Simplified process for the production of sesame protein calorimetry and nutritional, physicochemical and functional properties. J. Sci. Food Agric 83: 972- 979. Differential scanning
- Indiramma, A.R. 2010. Effect of vanilla extract on
- radical scavenging activity in biscuits. Flavour
- Fragr. J. 25(6): 488-492.
- Reddy, V., Urooj, A., Kumar, A. 2005. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of some plant extracts and their application in biscuits. Food Chemistry 90: 317-321.
- Kabaktepe, M.N., Kılmanoğlu, S., Özbey, A., Uygun, U. 2008. Antioxidant activity of cookies and cakes supplemented with cornelian cherry fruit. Proceedings of Bosphorus 2008 ICC International Conference, 24-26 Nisan, 2008, İstanbul, Türkiye, 117p.
- Acun, S., Gül, H. 2011. Some functional properties of grape seed and its effects on the quality of cookies. International Food Congress- Novel Approaches in Food Industry, 26-29 Mayıs, 2011, İzmir, Türkiye, 672p.