Gıda ve Çevreden Alınan Bor Bileşiklerinin Toksikolojik Değerlendirmesi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 3, 312 - 322, 29.10.2020

Bahar Demircan Yakup Sedat Velioğlu

https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.818193

Cited By: 5

Öz

Bor, endüstri ve tarımda yaygın olarak kullanılan ve çevrede doğal olarak bulunan bir bileşik olduğundan birçok araştırmacı tarafından ilgi odağı olmuştur. Bu makalede, içme suyu, gıdalar ve farklı kaynaklardan kaynaklanan bor maruziyetinin insan ve hayvanlar üzerindeki etkileri ve çeşitli gıdaların bor miktarları verilmiştir. Bor bileşenlerine insanlar ve hayvanlar oral, solunum ve temas yoluyla maruz kalmaktadır. Maruziyet sınırları bu bileşenlerin etkileri üzerinde oldukça önemlidir. Önerilen miktarlarda vücuda alınan borun çeşitli metabolik, beslenme, hormonal ve fizyolojik süreçlere etkisi değerlendirildiğinde, insanlarda temel bir besin ögesi olmasa da diyet açısından önemli olduğu ve hücresel fonksiyonlarda olumlu etkileri olduğu kanıtlanmıştır. Hem hayvan hem de insanlar için bor alımı <1.0 mg/gün düzeyinde olduğunda olumlu etkilere sahipken fazla alınmasının sakıncalı olabileceği bilinmektedir. Önemli bor kaynakları olarak günlük diyette meyve, sebze, kabuklu yemiş ve bakliyatlara yeterli miktarlarda yer verilmelidir. Ayrıca içme suyu da yetişkin bireyler için birincil bor kaynağıdır. Hayvanlar üzerinde borun gelişimsel ve üreme toksisitesine ilişkin veriler doğrultusunda kanserojenliğine dair net bir kanıt yoktur. Bor vücuttan kolayca atılabilen bir element olup kanserojen veya mutajen olduğunu gösteren bir veri bulunmamaktadır. Bor bileşenlerinin diyet gereksinimleri, metabolik fonksiyonları, terapötik uygulamaları ve önemli düzenleyici etkileri üzerinde daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bor, Borat, Borik asit, Bor toksisitesi, Borun etkileri

Toxicological Evaluation of Boron Compounds Taken from Food and Environment

Öz

Since boron is widely used in industry and agriculture and naturally found in environment, it has been the focus of attention by many researchers, recently. In this review, in addition to the effects of boron exposure from different sources on humans and animals, the amounts of boron in various foods and recommended boron intake levels are also summarized. Humans and animals are exposed to boron components through oral consumption, inhalation and skin contact. Exposure limits are very important on the effects of these ingredients. Even though boron is not essential for humans, it is important for diet and cellular functions. In case of taking recommended amounts to body, it was shown that it had positive effects on metabolic, nutritional, hormonal and physiological functions. It is known that boron intake of >1.0 mg/day may be beneficial for both animals and humans, but it may be inconvenient to take it in excess. As important boron sources, sufficient amounts of fruits, vegetables, nuts and legumes should be included in the daily diet. In addition, drinking water is the primary source of boron for adults. There is no clear evidence of the carcinogenicity of boron in animals based on data on developmental and reproductive toxicity. Boron is easily excreted from body and there is lack of data indicating it as carcinogen or mutagen. More studies are needed on the dietary requirements, metabolic functions, therapeutic applications, and important regulatory expressions of boron components.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Boron, Borate, Boric acid, Boron toxicity, Boron effects

Kaynakça

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