LİBERAL ENTERNASYONALİZMİN TARİHSEL DÖNÜŞÜM SÜREÇLERİ VE GÜNCEL KRİZLERİ / HISTORICAL TRANSITION PERIODS OF LIBERAL INTERNATIONALISM AND ITS CONTEMPORARY CRISIS

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 4, 149 - 176, 26.12.2015

Kürşat Güç

Öz

 

Yirminci Yüzyıl boyunca ABD liderliğinde Batı dünyasının dünyanın geri kalanıyla olan ilişkilerinde liberal değerlerin Batı-dışı ülkelere doğru yaygınlaştırılması çabaları önemli bir yere sahip olmuştur. ABD’nin ve diğer liberal aktörlerin Batı-dışı toplumlara demokrasi, serbest piyasa, insan hakları, hukukun üstünlüğü gibi liberal değerleri ihraç etmeye çalışmasındaki temel düşünce elbette ki karşılık beklenilmeden yapılan bir yardım mantığında ortaya çıkmamıştır. Liberalleştirilen devletlerden oluşacak uluslararası sistemin ABD’yi daha güvenli, refah ve etkili hale getireceği düşünülmüştür. Bu anlamda ulusal çıkara hizmet etmesi beklenen liberal enternasyonal vizyon, 20.yy boyunca uluslararası sistemdeki kırılmalara bağlı olarak üç farklı formda kendisini güncellemiştir. 21. Yüzyıl’ın ilk çeyreğinde liberal enternasyonalizm küresel şartların bir gereği olarak yeni bir kırılmanın eşiğindedir. Bu kırılma döneminde ortaya çıkan küresel gerçeklikler liberal enternasyonalizmin dördüncü versiyonunun kapsamının oluşmasında etkili olacaktır.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler:  Woodrow Wilson, Liberal enternasyonalizm, Ulusal çıkar, Müdahale.

 

Extending liberal values through non-Western countries occupied an important position in the relations of the US-led Western World through the rest of the world during the 20th Century. The main objective of the US and other liberal actors was not, of course, alturism during the exportation of liberal values such as democracy, free market, human rights and rule of law to non-Western societies. International system consisting of liberalised states was expected to make the US safer, wealthier and more influential. In this respect, liberal international vision that was expected to serve for national interest updated itself in three versions in accordance with the transitions in the international system. Liberal internationalism is on the brink of a new transtion by the force of global conjuntures at the first quarter of the 21th Century.  Global realities that arise in this transition period will be likely to have influence on the content of the fourth version of the liberal internationalism.

 

Key Words: Woodrow Wilson, Liberal internationalism, National Interest, Intervention.

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