KORUMA SORUMLULUĞU ÇERÇEVESİNDE NATO'NUN LİBYA MÜDAHALESİNİN SONUÇLARI: GÖÇ, İSTİKRARSIZLIK VE İNSANİ KRİZ

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 28, 95 - 123, 31.08.2025

Kartal Batuhan Olkan , Gizem Akşit Ergen

https://doi.org/10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1589384

Öz

Bu makale, NATO'nun 2011 yılında Libya'ya gerçekleştirdiği sınırlı askeri müdahalenin ülkedeki siyasal istikrar ve göç dinamikleri üzerindeki etkilerini eleştirel bir bakış açısıyla incelemektedir. Arap Baharı'nın etkisiyle Libya’ya yayılan toplumsal hareketlerin Kaddafi rejiminin devrilmesiyle sonuçlanmasının ardından Libya, bölgesel bir göç krizinin merkezi haline gelmiştir. Çalışma, NATO’nun "Koruma Sorumluluğu" doktrini doğrultusunda gerçekleştirdiği müdahalenin, Libya'da uzun süreli bir otorite boşluğuna, siyasi istikrarsızlığa ve insan hakları ihlallerine neden olduğunu öne sürmektedir. NATO müdahalesinin ardından Libya'da ortaya çıkan otorite boşluğu, Libya'nın Sahra Altı Afrika ve Ortadoğu'dan Avrupa'ya yönelen düzensiz göç akışları için stratejik bir geçiş noktası olmasına yol açmış; insan kaçakçılığı, modern kölelik ve cinsel istismar gibi insan hakları ihlalleri artmıştır. Bu bağlamda bu makale kapsamında "NATO'nun 2011 yılında Libya'ya yönelik gerçekleştirdiği sınırlı askeri müdahale, Libya'nın istikrarsızlaşmasına ve uluslararası göç krizinin derinleşmesine ne ölçüde veya nasıl etkide bulunmuştur?" araştırma sorusuna cevap aranmış ve Libya örneğini ele alınarak dışarıdan yöneltilen sınırlı askeri müdahalelerin siyasi istikrar ve zorunlu göçler üzerindeki etkisini arttırdığı hipotezi test edilmiştir. Ayrıca, NATO'nun sınırlı askeri müdahalesiyle hedeflenen istikrarın sağlanamaması ve Libya’nın başarısız devlet statüsüne gerilemesi, bu çalışmada müdahale politikalarının etkilerini anlamak için analiz edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

2011 Libya Askeri Müdahalesi , NATO , Koruma Sorumluluğu , Göç , İnsani Kriz

THE OUTCOMES OF THE NATO INTERVENTION IN LIBYA WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT: MIGRATION, INSTABILITY AND HUMANITARIAN CRISIS

Öz

This article critically analyses the effects of NATO's limited military intervention in Libya in 2011 on political stability and migration dynamics in the country. Libya became the centre of a regional migration crisis after the social movements that spread to Libya under the influence of the Arab Spring resulted in the overthrow of the Gaddafi regime. The study argues that NATO's intervention in line with the "Responsibility to Protect" doctrine led to a prolonged vacuum of authority, political instability and human rights violations in Libya. The vacuum of authority that emerged in Libya after the NATO intervention led Libya to become a strategic transit point for irregular migration flows from Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East to Europe, and human rights violations such as human trafficking, modern slavery and sexual exploitation increased. In this context, this article seeks to answer the research question "To what extent or how did NATO's limited military intervention in Libya in 2011 cause to the destabilisation of Libya and deepen the international migration crisis?" and taking the case of Libya as an example, the hypothesis that military interventions increase the impact on political stability and forced migration is tested. Moreover, the failure of NATO's limited military intervention to achieve the targeted stabilisation and Libya's regression to the status of failed state is analysed in this study to understand the effects of intervention policies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

2011 Military Intervention in Libya , NATO , Responsibility to Protect , Migration , Humanitarian Crisis

Kaynakça

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• Yeni Şafak (2011, 26 Ağustos). Etrafı sarıldı. 7 Ekim 2024 tarihinde https://www.yenisafak.com/dunya/etrafi-sarildi-337554 adresinden edinilmiştir.