YERLİ HALKLAR VE İNSANİ GÜVENLİK: KENYA’DAKİ OGİEK TOPLULUĞU ÖRNEĞİ

Öz

Kenya'nın yerli halklarından biri olan Ogiekler, topraklarını, geçim kaynaklarını, kimliklerini ve kültürel farklılıklarını korumak için uzun bir süredir mücadele ve direniş geçmişine sahiptir. Ogiekler, 2017 yılında Afrika İnsan ve Halkların Hakları Mahkemesi aracılığıyla toprak haklarını korumayı başarmıştır. Bu bağlamda, bu makale, Ogiekler’in davasını, tarihsel geçmişlerini ve yargı süreçlerini genel bir şekilde inceleyerek küresel yönetişime dayalı insani güvenlik perspektifi kapsamında eleştirel bir analiz sunacaktır. Sonu olarak bu çalışmanın amacı, ‘‘Küresel yönetişimde insan güvenliği yaklaşımının uygulanması, seçilen örnekte yerli toplulukların karşılaştığı zorlukları anlamamıza nasıl katkıda bulunur?" sorusuna yanıt vermektir. Ogiek meselesinin belirli bir toplulukla sınırlı olmadığı göz önüne alındığında bu çalışma, Ogiekler’in gündeme getirdiği sorunların, birçok yerli topluluğu ilgilendiren toprak hakları ve genel refahla ilgili daha genel kaygılar olduğunu ileri sürmektedir. Bu nedenle Ogiek örneği, yerli halkların haklarının ve genel refahının korunmasında insani güvenlik stratejilerinin uygulanabilirliğini incelemek için bir mercek görevi görmeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ogiek
• insani güvenlik
• yerli hakları
• toprak hakları

INDIGENOUS PEOPLE AND HUMAN SECURITY: THE CASE OF OGIEK COMMUNITY IN KENYA

Öz

One of Kenya’s indigenous people, the Ogieks have a long history of struggle and resistance to preserve their land, means of subsistence, identity, and cultural distinctiveness. Ogieks were able to protect their land rights through the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights in 2017. In this regard, this article will examine the Ogiek’s case, providing a brief overview of its historical background, the judicial procedures, and a critical analysis utilizing a human security perspective based on global governance. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to respond to the question, ‘‘how does the application of a human security approach within global governance contribute to our understanding of the challenges faced by indigenous communities in the chosen case?’’. Taking into account that the Ogiek issue is not limited to a specific community, this study argues that the issues brought up by the Ogiek are more general concerns about land rights and general well-being that are relevant to many indigenous communities. As such, the Ogiek case aims to serve as a lens through which to examine the applicability of human security strategies in preserving the rights and general welfare of indigenous populations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ogiek
• human security
• indigenous rights
• land rights

Kaynakça

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