İletişim ve Öfke Kontrolü Üzerine Pilot Çalışma

Öz

Öfke tıpkı diğer duygular gibi doğal, evrensel, sağlıklı ifade edildiğinde yapıcı ve kişilerarası iletişimi sağlayan bir duygudur. Buna karşılık kontrol edilemediğinde yıkıcı davranışlara yol açan öfke, saldırgan ve son derece tahrip edici tepkilere dönüşme potansiyeline sahiptir. Bu çalışma gündelik hayatın önemli bir bölümünü oluşturan iş ve çalışma koşullarında bu duyguyla mücadele zorunluluğu bulunan otobüs şoförlerine yoğunlaşmaktadır. Söz konusu meslek grubunun merkeze alınmasında birbirinden farklı demografik özellikteki insanla iletişim halinde olma gerekliliği önemli etken kabul edilmiştir. Bu pilot çalışmada Antalya Ulaşım A.Ş ve Antalya Şoförler Odası’na bağlı 92 otobüs şoförüne anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular neticesinde halkla aktif iletişimin parçası olan otobüs şoförlerinde öfke duygusuna yol açan en belirgin faktörün kendini ifade imkânından yoksunluk olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda araştırma sonuçları otobüs şoförlerine empatik düşünme yetisi kazandırma ve duygu yönetimini kolaylaştırma kapsamlı beceri eğitimlerinin gerekliliğini işaret etmektedir. Buradan hareketle öfke kontrolüne katkı sunacağı düşünülen bu birtakım girişimlerin örgütsel nitelik kazanması için devlet, üniversite ve STK iş birliği önerisinde bulunulmaktadır. Ayrıca özellikle stres yoğun bir ortamda çalışan meslek gruplarına ait iş yerlerine psikolog bulundurma zorunluluğu getirilmesi ve psikolojik sağlık sisteminin doğru biçimde işletilip işletilmediğinin düzenli biçimde kontrol edilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İletişim Çalışmaları
• Kişilerarası İletişim
• Öfke Kontrolü
• Otobüs Şoförleri

Pilot Study on Communication and Anger Management

Öz

Anger, like other emotions, is a natural, universal, and constructive emotion, and when expressed correctly, it enables interpersonal communication. On the other hand, anger, which leads to destructive behavior when uncontrolled, has the potential to turn into aggressive and extremely destructive reactions. This study focuses on bus drivers who have to struggle with this emotion in working conditions that constitute an important part of their daily lives. The necessity of communicating with people with different demographic characteristics was considered the most important factor in placing the occupational group in question at the center of this research. In this pilot study, a survey was administered to 92 bus drivers affiliated with Antalya Transportation Inc. and Antalya Chamber of Drivers. As a result of the findings obtained in the research, it was seen that the most obvious factor that causes anger in bus drivers, who are part of active communication with the public, is the lack of opportunities to express themselves well. In this context, the research results point to the necessity of comprehensive skill training for bus drivers to equip them with empathic thinking skills and facilitate emotional management. Based on this, it is possible to highlight the need of cooperation-based initiatives between the state, university, and NGOs for these initiatives, which are thought to contribute to anger management, and to gain organizational quality. In addition, it is recommended that workplaces belonging to professional groups working in a high-stress environment be obliged to employ psychologists and to regularly check whether the psychological health system is operated correctly.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Communication Studies
• Interpersonal Communication
• Anger Management
• Bus Drivers

Kaynakça

1. Agus, A. H., & Denis, M. K. (2025). Integrasi Anger Management dalam Meningkatkan Kedisiplinan Santri: Solusi terhadap Tantangan Kedisiplinan. JIIP-Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 8(2), 2249-2258.
2. Alpar, R. (2012). Uygulamalı istatistik ve geçerlik-güvenirlik. Detay Yayıncılık.
3. Anjanappa, S., Govindan, R., Munivenkatappa, M., & Bhaskarapillai, B. (2023). Effectiveness of anger management program on anger level, problem solving skills, communication skills, and adjustment among school-going adolescents. Journal of education and health promotion, 12(1), 90.
4. Averill, J. R. (1983). Studies on anger and aggression: Implications for theories of emotion. American psychologist, 38(11), 1145-1160.
5. Ayebami, T. V., & Janet, K. (2017). Efficacy of anger management strategies for effective living among adolescents and youths. IFE PsychologIA: An International Journal, 25(1), 47-58.
6. Bandura, A., & Walters, R. H. (1977). Social learning theory (C. 1). Englewood cliffs Prentice Hall.
7. Booth, J., & Mann, S. (2005). The experience of workplace anger. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 26(4), 250-262.
8. Cougle, J. R., Summers, B. J., Allan, N. P., Dillon, K. H., Smith, H. L., Okey, S. A., & Harvey, A. M. (2017). Hostile interpretation training for individuals with alcohol use disorder and elevated trait anger: A controlled trial of a web-based intervention. Behaviour research and therapy, 99, 57-66.

9. Cüceler, S., Yılmaz, M., & Türkleş, S. (2022). Madde bağımlısı bireylerin yaşadığı psikososyal sorunlar, uygulanan kanıt temelli müdahaleler ve hemşireliğin rolü. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 23(1), 105-110.
10. Dahl, R. E. (2006). Sleeplessness and aggression in youth. Journal of Adolescent Health, 38(6), 641-642.
11. Dai, C., Qiu, H., Huang, Q., Hu, P., Hong, X., Tu, J., Xie, Q., Li, H., Ren, W., Ni, S., & Chen, F. (t.y.). The effect of night shift on sleep quality and depressive symptoms among Chinese nurses. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 15, 435-440. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S190689
12. DiGiuseppe, R. (1999). End piece: Reflections on the treatment of anger. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55(3), 365-379. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097
13. Eroğlu, F., & İrdem, Ş. (2016). Örgütlerde öfke olgusu ve öfke yönetimi. Yeni Fikir Dergisi, 8(17), 22-41.
14. Fairholme, C. P., & Manber, R. (2015). Sleep, emotions, and emotion regulation: An overview. İçinde K. A. Babson & M. T. Feldner (Ed.), Sleep and affect Assessment, Theory, and Clinical Implications (ss. 45-61). Elsevier Inc.
15. Flanagan, R., Allen, K., & Henry, D. J. (2010). The impact of anger management treatment and rational emotive behavior therapy in a public school setting on social skills, anger management, and depression. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 28, 87-99.
16. Gül, N., Bal, C., & Tumurbağa, M. (2019). Sürekli öfke ve öfke ifade tarzının demografik özelliklerle ilişkisi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(2), 63-72.
17. Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1995). Multivariate data analysis. Prentice-Hall, Inc.
18. Jenkins, J. M., & Ball, S. (2000). Distinguishing Between Negative Emotions: Children’s Understanding of the Social-regulatory Aspects of Emotion. Cognition & Emotion, 14(2), 261-282. https://doi.org/10.1080/026999300378969
19. Jolliffe, D., & Farrington, D. P. (2004). Empathy and offending: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aggression and violent behavior, 9(5), 441-476.
20. Kamphuis, J., & Lancel, M. (2015). The interrelations between sleep, anger, and loss of aggression control. İçinde K. A. Babson & M. T. Feldner (Ed.), Sleep and affect Assessment, Theory, and Clinical Implications (ss. 247-271). Elsevier Inc.
21. Keerthana, M. S., Ganapathy, D., & Sasanka, L. K. (2025). Awareness on Anger Management Among Dental Students. Cuestiones de Fisioterapia, 54(3), 736-744.
22. Kim, H., Lim, H., Kim, H., Kim, B., Lee, D., & Kim, J. (2023). The association between offenders’ and spouses’ anger, dysfunctional communication, and family cohesion and adaptability in prisoner reentry: An actor-partner interdependence mediation model. Current Psychology, 42(16), 13733-13743.
23. Kim, J., & Kim, S. (2022). Effects of a nonviolent communication-based anger management program on psychiatric inpatients. Archives of psychiatric nursing, 41, 87-95.
24. Kjærvik, S. L., & Bushman, B. J. (2024). A meta-analytic review of anger management activities that increase or decrease arousal: What fuels or douses rage? Clinical Psychology Review, 109, 102414.
25. Laitano, H. V., Ely, A., Sordi, A. O., Schuch, F. B., Pechansky, F., Hartmann, T., Hilgert, J. B., Wendland, E. M., Von Dimen, L., & Scherer, J. N. (2021). Anger and substance abuse: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 44(1), 103-110.
26. Lerner, J. S., & Keltner, D. (2001). Fear, anger, and risk. Journal of personality and social psychology, 81(1), 146.
27. Nosek, M., Gifford, E. J., & Kober, B. (2014). Nonviolent Communication training increases empathy in baccalaureate nursing students: A mixed method study. https://repository.usfca.edu/nursing_fac/90/
28. Özer, A. K. (1994). Sürekli öfke (SL-Öfke) ve öfke ifade tarzı (Öfke-tarz) ölçekleri ön çalışması. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 9(31), 26-35.
29. Özmen, A. (2006). Öfkeyle başa çıkma eğitiminin ve etkileşim grubu uygulamasının içe yönelik öfke üzerindeki etkisi. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 30(2), 175-185.
30. Panashe, D., & Mahara, P. (2025). Evaluating an Anger Management Treatment Programme among Violent Offenders at Harare Central Prison. International Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities (IJRSS), 6(3), 76-85.
31. Pellegrini, A. D. (2002). Affiliative and aggressive dimensions of dominance and possible functions during early adolescence. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 7(1), 21-31.
32. Peter, R., Geißler, H., & Siegrist, J. (1998). Associations of effort-reward imbalance at work and reported symptoms in different groups of male and female public transport workers. Stress Medicine, 14(3), 175-182. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1700(199807)14:3<175::AID-SMI775>3.0.CO;2-4
33. Rieffe, C., & Terwogt, M. M. (2006). Anger communication in deaf children. Cognition & Emotion, 20(8), 1261-1273. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930500513502
34. Rosenberg, M. B. (2005). Speak peace in a world of conflict: What you say next will change your world. PuddleDancer Press.
35. Rosenberg, M. B. (2019). Nonviolent Communication: A Language of Compassion. İçinde K. L. Carrington & S. Griffin (Ed.), Transforming Terror (ss. 304-311). University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520949454-111
36. Rosenberg, M. B., & Chopra, D. (2015). Nonviolent communication: A language of life: Life-changing tools for healthy relationships. PuddleDancer Press.
37. Russell, J. A., & Mehrabian, A. (1977). Evidence for a three-factor theory of emotions. Journal of research in Personality, 11(3), 273-294.
38. Rydstedt, L. W., Johansson, G., & Evans, G. W. (1998). A longitudinal study of workload, health and well‐being among male and female urban bus drivers. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 71(1), 35-45. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1998.tb00661.x
39. Semba, R. (2025). The Effects of Anger Management on Workers: A Questionnaire Survey of Organizational Dysfunctional Behavior and Withdrawal from Interpersonal Relationships in the Workplace. Behavioral Sciences, 15(2), 157.
40. Siyez, D. M., & Tuna, D. T. (2014). Lise öğrencilerinin öfke kontrolü ve iletişim becerilerinde çözüm odaklı psiko-eğitim programının etkisi. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 5(41), 11-22.
41. Soykan, Ç. (2003). Öfke ve öfke yönetimi. Kriz dergisi, 11(2), 19-27.
42. Starner, T. M., & Peters, R. M. (2004). Anger Expression and Blood Pressure in Adolescents. The Journal of School Nursing, 20(6), 335-342. https://doi.org/10.1177/10598405040200060801
43. Turhan, Z., Başer Baykal, N., & Firat, E. (2025). Men’s Responses to Anger Management Group Practices in Türkiye. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 75(1), 306-344. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207284.2024.2438614
44. Turner, M. M. (2007). Using emotion in risk communication: The anger activism model. Public Relations Review, 33(2), 114-119.
45. Ural, A. & Kılıç, İ. (2006). Bilimsel araştırma süreci ve SPPS ile veri analizi. Detay Yayıncılık.
46. Vaudreuil, C., Abel, M. R., Barnett, Y., DiSalvo, M., & Hirshfeld-Becker, D. R. (2024). A pilot controlled trial of relaxation training combined with a video game reinforcing emotional regulation to improve anger management in children and adolescents. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 1-13