Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Youtube’da Görsel Habercilik: Duygu, Temsil ve Platform Mantığı

Yıl 2026, Sayı: 51, 44 - 62, 27.03.2026
https://izlik.org/JA39GL68BP

Öz

Amaç (Purpose): Bu çalışma, YouTube küçük resimleri (thumbnail) ve başlıklarının dijital haberlerde platformun dikkat ekonomisi ve algoritmik görünürlük dinamikleri içinde nasıl işlediğini incelemektedir. Çalışma, Sözcü, A Haber ve Medyascope olmak üzere üç Türk haber kuruluşuna odaklanarak editoryal konumlanmanın görsel ve metinsel paketlemeye nasıl dönüştüğünü göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Tasarım/Yöntem (Design/methodology/approach): Araştırma, görsel çerçeveleme analizini platformlaşma, duygusal kamular ve Chouliaraki’nin tanıklık estetiği yaklaşımlarından beslenen daha geniş bir yorumlayıcı çerçeveyle birleştiren nitel bir tasarım benimsemektedir. Rodríguez ve Dimitrova’nın dört düzeyli modeli, 28 Nisan–4 Mayıs 2025 tarihleri arasında yayımlanan 77 küçük resim-başlık çiftinin analizini yapılandırmaktadır. Küçük resimler ve başlıklar tek bir görsel-metinsel birim olarak ele alınmış; betimleyici içerik, biçimsel özellikler, duygusal ipuçları ve ideolojik mesajlar açısından incelenmiştir.

Bulgular (Findings): Bulgular, kuruluşlara özgü belirgin stratejiler ortaya koymaktadır. Sözcü çatışma, aciliyet ve muhalif gerilimi vurgularken; A Haber ulusal birlik, güvenlik ve tehdit unsurlarını simgesel ve duygusal olarak yüklü çerçevelerle öne çıkarmaktadır. Medyascope ise daha sade bir estetik ve analitik bir ton benimseyerek izleyicide yorumlayıcı mesafe oluşturmayı teşvik etmektedir.

Araştırma sınırlılıkları/çıkarımlar (Research limitations/implications): Örneklem süresinin kısa olması ve yüksek izlenmeli videolara odaklanılması genellenebilirliği sınırlamaktadır. Gelecek çalışmaların zaman aralığını genişletmesi ve izleyici alımlaması ile video içeriklerini de kapsaması önerilmektedir.

Uygulamalı çıkarımlar (Practical implications): Bulgular, görsel tasarım tercihlerinin editoryal, duygusal ve ideolojik sonuçlar taşıdığını göstererek dijital haber üreticileri, editörler ve platform temelli gazetecilik uygulayıcıları için pratik içgörüler sunmaktadır. Ayrıca, görünürlük odaklı optimizasyon ile editoryal bütünlük arasındaki gerilim konusunda gazeteciler ve medya yöneticileri için daha yüksek farkındalık gereksinimini ortaya koymaktadır.

Özgünlük/değer (Originality/value): Çalışma, Türkiye’de YouTube haber sunumunun analizinde görsel çerçeveleme, platform mantığı ve duygusal kamular yaklaşımlarını bir araya getirerek literatüre katkı sunmaktadır. Özgünlüğü, küçük resim ve başlıkları tek bir analiz birimi olarak ele alması ve platform olanakları, duygusal yoğunluklar ile ideolojik konumlanmanın gündelik haber temsillerinde nasıl kesiştiğini göstermesinde yatmaktadır. Bu yönüyle, platformlaşmış gazetecilik ve haberin görsel dönüşümüne ilişkin tartışmalara bağlamsal bir katkı sağlamaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • AHaber. (2025a, 30 Nisan 2025). Yargı Paketi Hazır – Genel Af Olacak mı? [Video]. YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gI_8xg6vRnE
  • AHaber. (2025b, 28 Nisan 2025). Heyelan Bir Aileyi Kopardı! Baba ve Kızlarına Acılı Veda [Video]. YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KE2oFaGKTH4
  • AHaber. (2025c, 29 Nisan 2025). Melaoni Erdoğan’a ‘Bizi koruyun mu’ dedi” [Video]. YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QlXpiifZtv0
  • Bakhshi, S., Shamma, D. A., & Gilbert, E. (2014). Faces engage us: Photos with faces attract more likes and comments on instagram. Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems,
  • Ballejo, F., Plaza, P. I., & Lambertucci, S. A. (2021). Framing of visual content shown on popular social media may affect viewers’ attitudes to threatened species. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 13512.
  • Bucher, T. (2020). The right-time web: Theorizing the kairologic of algorithmic media. New media & society, 22(9), 1699-1714.
  • Bucher, T., & Helmond, A. (2018). The affordances of social media platforms. The SAGE handbook of social media, 1(1), 233-253.
  • Carlson, M. (2020). Journalistic epistemology and digital news circulation: Infrastructure, circulation practices, and epistemic contests. New media & society, 22(2), 230-246.
  • Chouliaraki, L. (2006). The aestheticization of suffering on television. Visual communication, 5(3), 261-285.
  • Chouliaraki, L. (2008). The symbolic power of transnational media: Managing the visibility of suffering. Global Media and Communication, 4(3), 329-351.
  • Couldry, N., & Mejias, U. A. (2019). Data colonialism: Rethinking big data’s relation to the contemporary subject. Television & new media, 20(4), 336-349.
  • Deuze, M. (2008). The changing context of news work: Liquid journalism for a monitorial citizenry. International journal of Communication, 2, 18.
  • Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Towards clarification of a fractured paradigm. McQuail's reader in mass communication theory, 390, 397.
  • Ertuna, C., & Aşık, O. (2025). Journalist YouTubers: How Platformization Transforms Journalism in an Authoritarian System. International journal of Communication, 19, 22-22.
  • Gillespie, T. (2018). Custodians of the Internet: Platforms, content moderation, and the hidden decisions that shape social media. Yale University Press.
  • Güler, E., & Uludağ, M. (2020). Popüler Görsel Kültürde Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerinin İncelenmesi: Youtube Kanallarında Kadın ve Erkek İmajları. Turkish Studies-Social Sciences, 15(1).
  • Hall, S. (1997). The spectacle of the other. Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices, 7, 223-290.
  • Hartley, J. M., Petre, C., Bengtsson, M., & Kammer, A. (2023). Autonomies and dependencies: Shifting configurations of power in the platformization of news. In (Vol. 11, pp. 1375-1390): Taylor & Francis.
  • Hase, V., Boczek, K., & Scharkow, M. (2023). Adapting to affordances and audiences? A cross-platform, multi-modal analysis of the platformization of news on Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter. Digital journalism, 11(8), 1499-1520.
  • Highfield, T., & Leaver, T. (2016). Instagrammatics and digital methods: Studying visual social media, from selfies and GIFs to memes and emoji. Communication research and practice, 2(1), 47-62.
  • Karki, A., Qu, S., Masambuka-Kanchewa, F., Retallick, M., Lamm, A., Lamm, K. W., Sanders, C., Byrd, A., & Gabler, N. (2025). Pork production on YouTube: frame and sentiment analysis. Frontiers in Communication, 10, 1557633.
  • Lee, S. (2023). A Study on Visual Expression Elements and User Satisfaction in Video Streaming Services on the Web: Focusing on Video Thumbnails. Journal of Web Engineering, 22(1), 27-40.
  • Medyascope. (2025a, 1 Mayıs 2025). Dünyada ve Türkiye’de otoriter rejimlerin geleceği [Video]. MedyascopeTV https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D96QFm17pOE
  • Medyascope. (2025b, 4 Mayıs 2025). Erdoğan 19 Mart Gibi Vahim Bir Hatayı Neden Yaptı [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_WZiAriEp0
  • Medyascope. (2025c, 29 Nisan 2025). Eski siyasal denklem sona mı eriyor? [Video]. YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eu_s9SGfWDQ
  • Messaris, P., & Abraham, L. (2001). The role of images in framing news stories. In Framing public life (pp. 231-242). Routledge.
  • Napoli, P. (2019). Social media and the public interest: Media regulation in the disinformation age. Columbia university press.
  • Napoli, P. M. (2021). The platform beat: Algorithmic watchdogs in the disinformation age. European Journal of Communication, 36(4), 376-390.
  • Nielsen, R. K., & Fletcher, R. (2023). Comparing the platformization of news media systems: A cross-country analysis. European Journal of Communication, 38(5), 484-499.
  • Papacharissi, Z. (2015). Affective publics: Sentiment, technology, and politics. Oxford University Press.
  • Rodriguez, L., & Dimitrova, D. V. (2011). The levels of visual framing. Journal of visual literacy, 30(1), 48-65.
  • Rogers, R. (2021). Visual media analysis for Instagram and other online platforms. Big Data & Society, 8(1), 20539517211022370.
  • Scheufele, D. A. (1999). Framing as a theory of media effects. Journal of communication, 49(1), 103-122.
  • Seppänen, J., & Väliverronen, E. (2003). Visualizing biodiversity: The role of photographs in environmental discourse. Science as Culture, 12(1), 59-85.
  • Shimono, A., Kakui, Y., & Yamasaki, T. (2020). Automatic YouTube-thumbnail generation and its evaluation. Proceedings of the 2020 Joint Workshop on Multimedia Artworks Analysis and Attractiveness Computing in Multimedia,
  • SözcüTV. (2025a, 30 Mayıs 2025). Erdoğan İtiraf Etti [Video]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7y_DrUae5Hg
  • SözcüTV. (2025b, 3 Mayıs 2025). Eyvah Eyvah! Ankara’da Yer Yerinden Oynayacak [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-F2OPulIEVU
  • SözcüTV. (2025c, 28 Nisan 2025). Saray Bu İddiayla Çalkalanıyor [Video]. YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fR6AdfQ8eoY
  • Tafesse, W. (2020). YouTube marketing: how marketers' video optimization practices influence video views. Internet research, 30(6), 1689-1707.
  • Terranova, T. (2022). After the internet: Digital networks between capital and the common (Vol. 33). MIT Press.
  • Thurman, N., Moeller, J., Helberger, N., & Trilling, D. (2019). My friends, editors, algorithms, and I: Examining audience attitudes to news selection. Digital journalism, 7(4), 447-469.
  • Trilling, D., Tolochko, P., & Burscher, B. (2017). From newsworthiness to shareworthiness: How to predict news sharing based on article characteristics. Journalism & mass communication quarterly, 94(1), 38-60.
  • van Dijck, J., & Poell, T. (2013). Understanding social media logic. Media and communication, 1(1), 2-14.
  • van Dijck, J., Poell, T., & De Waal, M. (2018). The platform society: Public values in a connective world. Oxford university press.
  • Wahl-Jorgensen, K. (2020). An emotional turn in journalism studies? Digital journalism, 8(2), 175-194.
  • Yılmaz, M. (2019). Popüler Kültür ve Sosyal Ağlar Aracılığıyla Kadın İkonlarda Beden ve Kendilik Sunumuna Yönelik Bir İnstagram Analizi. İstanbul Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Zhang, S., Aktas, T., & Luo, J. (2021). Mi YouTube es su YouTube? Analyzing the cultures using YouTube thumbnails of popular videos. 2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data),
  • Zulli, D., & Zulli, D. J. (2022). Extending the Internet meme: Conceptualizing technological mimesis and imitation publics on the TikTok platform. New media & society, 24(8), 1872-1890.

Visual Journalism on YouTube: Emotion, Representation and Platform Logic

Yıl 2026, Sayı: 51, 44 - 62, 27.03.2026
https://izlik.org/JA39GL68BP

Öz

Purpose: This study examines how YouTube thumbnails and titles operate within the platform’s attention economy and algorithmic visibility in digital news. It focuses on three Turkish news outlets—Sözcü, A Haber, and Medyascope—to show how editorial positioning is translated into visual and textual packaging.
Design/methodology/approach: The study adopts a qualitative design combining visual framing analysis with a broader interpretive framework drawn from platformization, affective publics, and Chouliaraki’s aesthetics of witnessing. Rodríguez and Dimitrova’s four-level model structures the analysis of 77 thumbnail-title pairs published between 28 April and 4 May 2025. Thumbnails and titles are treated as a single visual-textual unit and examined in terms of descriptive content, stylistic features, emotional cues, and ideological messages.
Findings: The findings reveal distinct outlet-specific strategies. Sözcü emphasizes conflict, urgency, and oppositional tension; A Haber foregrounds national unity, security, and threat through symbolic and emotionally charged framing; Medyascope adopts a more restrained aesthetic and analytical tone that encourages interpretive distance.
Research limitations/implications: The short sampling period and focus on highly viewed videos limit generalizability. Future research should expand the timeframe and include audience reception and video content.
Practical implications: The findings offer practical insight for digital news producers, editors, and platform-based journalism practitioners by showing how visual design choices carry editorial, emotional, and ideological consequences. They also highlight the need for greater awareness among journalists and media managers regarding the tension between visibility-driven optimization and editorial integrity.
Originality/value: The study contributes to the literature by bringing together visual framing, platform logic, and affective publics in the analysis of YouTube news presentation in Turkey. Its originality lies in treating thumbnails and titles as a single unit of analysis and in showing how platform affordances, emotional intensities, and ideological positioning intersect in routine news representation. In doing so, it offers a context-specific contribution to debates on platformized journalism and the visual transformation of news.

Kaynakça

  • AHaber. (2025a, 30 Nisan 2025). Yargı Paketi Hazır – Genel Af Olacak mı? [Video]. YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gI_8xg6vRnE
  • AHaber. (2025b, 28 Nisan 2025). Heyelan Bir Aileyi Kopardı! Baba ve Kızlarına Acılı Veda [Video]. YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KE2oFaGKTH4
  • AHaber. (2025c, 29 Nisan 2025). Melaoni Erdoğan’a ‘Bizi koruyun mu’ dedi” [Video]. YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QlXpiifZtv0
  • Bakhshi, S., Shamma, D. A., & Gilbert, E. (2014). Faces engage us: Photos with faces attract more likes and comments on instagram. Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems,
  • Ballejo, F., Plaza, P. I., & Lambertucci, S. A. (2021). Framing of visual content shown on popular social media may affect viewers’ attitudes to threatened species. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 13512.
  • Bucher, T. (2020). The right-time web: Theorizing the kairologic of algorithmic media. New media & society, 22(9), 1699-1714.
  • Bucher, T., & Helmond, A. (2018). The affordances of social media platforms. The SAGE handbook of social media, 1(1), 233-253.
  • Carlson, M. (2020). Journalistic epistemology and digital news circulation: Infrastructure, circulation practices, and epistemic contests. New media & society, 22(2), 230-246.
  • Chouliaraki, L. (2006). The aestheticization of suffering on television. Visual communication, 5(3), 261-285.
  • Chouliaraki, L. (2008). The symbolic power of transnational media: Managing the visibility of suffering. Global Media and Communication, 4(3), 329-351.
  • Couldry, N., & Mejias, U. A. (2019). Data colonialism: Rethinking big data’s relation to the contemporary subject. Television & new media, 20(4), 336-349.
  • Deuze, M. (2008). The changing context of news work: Liquid journalism for a monitorial citizenry. International journal of Communication, 2, 18.
  • Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Towards clarification of a fractured paradigm. McQuail's reader in mass communication theory, 390, 397.
  • Ertuna, C., & Aşık, O. (2025). Journalist YouTubers: How Platformization Transforms Journalism in an Authoritarian System. International journal of Communication, 19, 22-22.
  • Gillespie, T. (2018). Custodians of the Internet: Platforms, content moderation, and the hidden decisions that shape social media. Yale University Press.
  • Güler, E., & Uludağ, M. (2020). Popüler Görsel Kültürde Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerinin İncelenmesi: Youtube Kanallarında Kadın ve Erkek İmajları. Turkish Studies-Social Sciences, 15(1).
  • Hall, S. (1997). The spectacle of the other. Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices, 7, 223-290.
  • Hartley, J. M., Petre, C., Bengtsson, M., & Kammer, A. (2023). Autonomies and dependencies: Shifting configurations of power in the platformization of news. In (Vol. 11, pp. 1375-1390): Taylor & Francis.
  • Hase, V., Boczek, K., & Scharkow, M. (2023). Adapting to affordances and audiences? A cross-platform, multi-modal analysis of the platformization of news on Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter. Digital journalism, 11(8), 1499-1520.
  • Highfield, T., & Leaver, T. (2016). Instagrammatics and digital methods: Studying visual social media, from selfies and GIFs to memes and emoji. Communication research and practice, 2(1), 47-62.
  • Karki, A., Qu, S., Masambuka-Kanchewa, F., Retallick, M., Lamm, A., Lamm, K. W., Sanders, C., Byrd, A., & Gabler, N. (2025). Pork production on YouTube: frame and sentiment analysis. Frontiers in Communication, 10, 1557633.
  • Lee, S. (2023). A Study on Visual Expression Elements and User Satisfaction in Video Streaming Services on the Web: Focusing on Video Thumbnails. Journal of Web Engineering, 22(1), 27-40.
  • Medyascope. (2025a, 1 Mayıs 2025). Dünyada ve Türkiye’de otoriter rejimlerin geleceği [Video]. MedyascopeTV https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D96QFm17pOE
  • Medyascope. (2025b, 4 Mayıs 2025). Erdoğan 19 Mart Gibi Vahim Bir Hatayı Neden Yaptı [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_WZiAriEp0
  • Medyascope. (2025c, 29 Nisan 2025). Eski siyasal denklem sona mı eriyor? [Video]. YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eu_s9SGfWDQ
  • Messaris, P., & Abraham, L. (2001). The role of images in framing news stories. In Framing public life (pp. 231-242). Routledge.
  • Napoli, P. (2019). Social media and the public interest: Media regulation in the disinformation age. Columbia university press.
  • Napoli, P. M. (2021). The platform beat: Algorithmic watchdogs in the disinformation age. European Journal of Communication, 36(4), 376-390.
  • Nielsen, R. K., & Fletcher, R. (2023). Comparing the platformization of news media systems: A cross-country analysis. European Journal of Communication, 38(5), 484-499.
  • Papacharissi, Z. (2015). Affective publics: Sentiment, technology, and politics. Oxford University Press.
  • Rodriguez, L., & Dimitrova, D. V. (2011). The levels of visual framing. Journal of visual literacy, 30(1), 48-65.
  • Rogers, R. (2021). Visual media analysis for Instagram and other online platforms. Big Data & Society, 8(1), 20539517211022370.
  • Scheufele, D. A. (1999). Framing as a theory of media effects. Journal of communication, 49(1), 103-122.
  • Seppänen, J., & Väliverronen, E. (2003). Visualizing biodiversity: The role of photographs in environmental discourse. Science as Culture, 12(1), 59-85.
  • Shimono, A., Kakui, Y., & Yamasaki, T. (2020). Automatic YouTube-thumbnail generation and its evaluation. Proceedings of the 2020 Joint Workshop on Multimedia Artworks Analysis and Attractiveness Computing in Multimedia,
  • SözcüTV. (2025a, 30 Mayıs 2025). Erdoğan İtiraf Etti [Video]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7y_DrUae5Hg
  • SözcüTV. (2025b, 3 Mayıs 2025). Eyvah Eyvah! Ankara’da Yer Yerinden Oynayacak [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-F2OPulIEVU
  • SözcüTV. (2025c, 28 Nisan 2025). Saray Bu İddiayla Çalkalanıyor [Video]. YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fR6AdfQ8eoY
  • Tafesse, W. (2020). YouTube marketing: how marketers' video optimization practices influence video views. Internet research, 30(6), 1689-1707.
  • Terranova, T. (2022). After the internet: Digital networks between capital and the common (Vol. 33). MIT Press.
  • Thurman, N., Moeller, J., Helberger, N., & Trilling, D. (2019). My friends, editors, algorithms, and I: Examining audience attitudes to news selection. Digital journalism, 7(4), 447-469.
  • Trilling, D., Tolochko, P., & Burscher, B. (2017). From newsworthiness to shareworthiness: How to predict news sharing based on article characteristics. Journalism & mass communication quarterly, 94(1), 38-60.
  • van Dijck, J., & Poell, T. (2013). Understanding social media logic. Media and communication, 1(1), 2-14.
  • van Dijck, J., Poell, T., & De Waal, M. (2018). The platform society: Public values in a connective world. Oxford university press.
  • Wahl-Jorgensen, K. (2020). An emotional turn in journalism studies? Digital journalism, 8(2), 175-194.
  • Yılmaz, M. (2019). Popüler Kültür ve Sosyal Ağlar Aracılığıyla Kadın İkonlarda Beden ve Kendilik Sunumuna Yönelik Bir İnstagram Analizi. İstanbul Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Zhang, S., Aktas, T., & Luo, J. (2021). Mi YouTube es su YouTube? Analyzing the cultures using YouTube thumbnails of popular videos. 2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data),
  • Zulli, D., & Zulli, D. J. (2022). Extending the Internet meme: Conceptualizing technological mimesis and imitation publics on the TikTok platform. New media & society, 24(8), 1872-1890.
Toplam 48 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Gazetecilik
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Özge Ercebe 0000-0002-9036-9404

Gönderilme Tarihi 28 Eylül 2025
Kabul Tarihi 9 Ocak 2026
Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Mart 2026
IZ https://izlik.org/JA39GL68BP
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Sayı: 51

Kaynak Göster

APA Ercebe, Ö. (2026). Visual Journalism on YouTube: Emotion, Representation and Platform Logic. Akdeniz Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, 51, 44-62. https://izlik.org/JA39GL68BP

3328033281
Akdeniz Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-Gayriticari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.