Türkiye’de Hasat Edilen Bazı Buğday Çeşitlerinin Protein Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3, 441 - 447, 30.06.2020

Seda Yalçın Besim Maden

https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.606621

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Tosunbey (Turkey), Adana-99 (Turkey), Negev (İsrail), Esperia (İtalya) ve Bezostaya-1 (Rusya) gibi farklı menşeili Türkiye’de hasat edilen 5 buğday çeşitinin fiziksel ve reolojik özelliklei incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, bu örneklerden öğütülen unların L*, a* ve b* renk değerleri, bin tane ağırlığı, protein içeriği, gluten index değeri, zeleny sedimantasyon değeri, alveograf özellikleri ve düşme sayısı analiz edilmiştir. Bezostaya-1, Esperia ve Negev buğday çeşitleri, Tosunbey ve Adana-99 çeşitlerine kıyasla düşük parlaklık ve sarılık ve yüksek kırmızılık göstermiştir. Buğday örnekleri arasında, Esperia en yüksek bin tane ağırlığı değerini vermiştir. Adana-99 buğday unu, diğer buğday unlarına kıyasla yüksek gluten indeks değeri, zeleny sedimentasyon değeri ve α-amilaz aktivitesi göstermiştir. Alveograf özelliklerine göre, Adana-99 buğday unun yapışkanlık (P), stabilite (W) ve elastikiyet (Ie) değerleri diğer unlardan yüksek bulunmuştur. Bejostaja-1 buğday ununun α-amilaz aktivitesi diğer unlarınkinden düşüktür. Sonuç olarak, Adana-99 buğday unu en iyi protein kalitesi ve en yüksek α-amilaz aktivitesini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Buğday, Gluten, α-amilaz, Sedimantasyon, Alveograf

Comparison of Protein Characteristics of Some Wheat Varieties Harvested in Turkey

Öz

Physical and rheological characteristics activity of five wheat varieties, harvested in Turkey, having different origins including Tosunbey (Turkey) Adana-99 (Turkey) Negev (Israel), Esperia (Italy) and Bezostaya-1 (Russia) were investigated in this study. For this purpose, L*, a* and b* color values, thousand grain weight of wheat samples, protein content, gluten index value, zeleny sedimentation value, alveograph properties and falling number value of flours milled from these samples were analyzed. Bezostaya-1, Esperia and Negev wheat samples showed lower brightness and yellowness and higher redness compared to Tosunbey Adana-99 wheat samples. Among wheat samples, Esperia had the highest thousand grain weight. Adana-99 wheat flour had the higher gluten index value, zeleny sedimentation value and α-amylase activity compared to other wheat flours. Alveograph properties showed that tenacity (P) strength (W) and elasticity (Ie) of Adana-99 wheat flour were higher than those of other wheat flours. α-amylase activity of Bezostaya-1 wheat flour was lower than that of other wheat flours. As a consequence, Adana-99 wheat flour had the best protein quality and high α-amylase activity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Wheat, Gluten, α-amylase, Sedimentation, Alveograph

Kaynakça

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