Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Evaluation of Soil Conditioner Effects of Domestic and Domestic-Like Wastewater Sludges

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 4, 589 - 597, 25.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.613129

Öz

Reuse of wastewater sludges resulting from the treatment of wastewater is considered as a priority issue in the waste treatment sector. Various organic and inorganic compounds found in wastewater sludges provide an alternative to the evaluation of these wastes as soil conditioner. In this context, it is beneficial and guiding to evaluate the contributions and/or impacts of suitable sludges with the laboratory incubation studies. In this study, stabilized domestic and domestic-like (food) wastewater sludges were applied to the soil at a rate of 100t/ha and a 12-month incubation study was carried out to investigate the changes in some chemical properties of the soil. According to the results, sludge application decreased the pH of the soils slightly (maximum 1 unit) and increased the EC25oC values markedly. It has been found that all sludge applications increased the easily oxidizable organic carbon content of control soil from 1.6% to 2.45-2.75%. Ammonium nitrogen values in sludge treated soils did not increase significantly compared to control, while nitrate nitrogen values increased significantly and reached 713 to 1048 mg/kg levels after 12 months incubation period. In addition, available phosphorus concentration increased from 24-30 mg PO4-P/kg to 44-91 mg PO4-P/kg. As a result, the organic and plant nutrient contents of the soil increased and biochemical functions of the soil improved with wastewater sludge applications with dose of 100 t /ha. It is concluded that the potential use of the tested wastewater sludges as soil conditioners is quite high with respect to the parameters examined.

Kaynakça

  • Antolin M.C., Pascual I., Garcia C., Polo A. and Sanhez-Diaz M. 2005. Growth, yield and solute content of barley in soils treated with sewage sludge under semiarid Mediterranean conditions. Fields Crops Research, 94, 2-3, 224-237.
  • Antoniadis V., Tsadilas C.D. and Dalias P., 2010. Evaluation of sewage sludge as a soil amendment in relation to nitrate leaching, Agrochimica -Pisa-, 54, 2, 91-102.
  • APHA, AWWA & WEF. 1998. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20. Edition, American Public Health Association.
  • Bozkurt, M.A., Yarılgaç, T. ve Yazıcı, A.2010. The use of sewage sludge as an organic matter source in apple trees. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 19, 2, 267-274.
  • Bremner, J.M. and Mulvaney, C.S. 1982. “Nitrogen-total” in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties (A.L. Page, ed.), SSSA Book Series No: 9, SSSA and ASA, 595-622.
  • Gabrielle, B., Da-Silveira, J., Houot, S., Michelin, J. 2005. Field-scale modelling of carbon and nitrogen dynamics in soils amended with urban waste composts. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment. 110, 289-299.
  • Garcia-Gill, J.C., Plaza, C., Senesi, N., Brunetti, G. and Polo, A. 2004. Effects of sewage sludge amendment of humic acids and microbiological properties of semiarid Mediterranean soil. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 39, 5, 320-328.
  • Gaskin, J.W., Brobst, R.B., Miller, W.P. and Tollner, E.W. 2003. Long-term biosolids application effects on metal concentrations in soil and bermudagrass forage. Journal of Environmental Quality, 32, 146-152.
  • Gee, G.W., Bauder, J.W. 1982. “Particle Size Analysis” in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 1. Physical and Minerological Methods (A. Klute, ed.), ASA-SSSA, 384-412.Ghazy, M., Dochorn, T., and Dichtl, N. 2009. Sewage sludge management in Egypt: Current status and perspectives towards a sustainable agricultural use. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 387-395.
  • Keeney, D.R. and Nelson, D.W. 1982. “Nitrogen-inorganic Forms” in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties(A.L. Page, ed.), SSSA Book Series No: 9, SSSA and ASA, 643-693.
  • Krogstad T., Sogn T.A., Asdal A. and Sæbø A. 2005. Influence of chemically and biologically stabilized sewage sludge on plant-available phosphorous in soil. Ecological Engineering, 25, 51–60.
  • Kumar, V., Chopra, A.K. and Kumar, A., 2017. A review on sewage sludge (Biosolids) a resource for sustainable agriculture. Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 2, 4, 340-347.
  • Luczkiewicz. A. 2006. Soil and groundwater contamination as a result of sewage sludge land application. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 15, 6, 869–876.Mazen, A., Faheed, F.A. and Ahmed, A.F. 2010. Study of potential impacts of using sewage sludge in the amendment of desert reclaimed soil on wheat and jews mallow plants. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 53, 4, 917-930.
  • Mc Lean, E.O. 1982. “Soil pH and Lime Requirement” in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties (A.L. Page, ed.), SSSA Book Series No: 9, SSSA and ASA, 199-224.
  • Mohammad, M.J. and Athamneh, M.B. 2004. Changes in soil fertility and plant uptake of nutrients and heavy metals in response to sewage sludge application to calcareous soils. Journal of Agronomy, 3, 229-236.
  • Nelson, D.W. and Sommers, L.E. 1982. “Total Carbon, Organic Carbon, and Organic Matter”, In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, SSSA Book Series No: 9, SSSA and ASA, 539-579.
  • Nikzad, E., Kalbasi, M., Hoodaji, M. and Fallahzade, J. 2015. Effect of sewage sludge urban application on concentration of Fe, Mn and some nutrient element in parsley. Research Journal of Soil Biology, 7, 2, 46-55.
  • Olsen, S.R. and Sommers, L.E. 1982. “Phosphorus” in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties (A.L. Page, ed.), SSSA Book Series No: 9, SSSA and ASA, 403-430.
  • Paul, E.A. and Clark,.F.E. 1996. Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry, 2nd edn, San Diego Academic Press Inc.
  • Pepper, I.L., Zerzghi, H.G., Bengson, S.A., Iker, B.C., Banerjee, M.J. and Brooks, J.P. 2012. Bacterial populations within copper mine tailings:long-term effects of amendment with Class A biosolids. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 113, 569-577.
  • Rhoades, J.D. 1982. “Soluble Salts” in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, (A.L. Page, ed.), SSSA Book Series No: 9, SSSA and ASA, 285-290.
  • Samaras, V., Tsadilas, C. D. and Stamatiadis, S. 2008. Effects of repeated application of municipal sewage sludge on soil fertility, cotton yield, and nitrate leaching. Agronomy Journal, 100, 477-483.
  • Sepúlveda-Varas, A., Inostroza, C. And Encina-Montoya, F. 2011. Effects of the incorporation of biosolids on soil quality: temporal evolution in a degraded inceptisol (typic endoaquepts). Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 11, 3, 33-44.
  • Sharma, B., Sarkar, A., Singh, P. and Singh , R.P. 2017. Agricultural utilization of biosolids: A review on potential effects on soil and plant grown. Waste Management, 64 , 117-132.
  • Sidhu, J.P. and Toze, S.G. 2009. Human pathogens and their indicators in biosolids: a literature review. Environment International, 35, 187-201.
  • Silva, J.D.C., Tamara Leal, T.T.B., Araújo, A.S.F., Araujo, R.M. Gomes, R.L.F., Melo, W.J. and Singh, R.P. 2010. Effect of different tannery sludge compost amendment rates on growth, biomass accumulation and yield responses of Capsicumplants. Waste Management, 30, 10, 1976-1980.
  • Singh, R.P. and Agrawal, M. 2010. Biochemical and physiological responses of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown on different sewage sludge amendments rates. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 84, 5, 606–612.
  • Ünal, M. 2002. Gıda sanayii arıtma çamurlarının tarımda kullanılma olanakları üzerine bir araştırma. Doktora Tezi, Uludağ üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bursa, 110.
  • Walker, D.J. and Bernal, M.P. 2008. The effects of olive mill waste compost and poultry manure on the availability and plant uptake of nutrients in a highly saline soil. Bioresource Technology, 99, 396-403.
  • Yaman, K. ve Olhan, E., 2011. Arıtma çamuru kullanımının buğdayın verim, fiziki girdi ve maliyetleri üzerindeki etkisi. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 17, 157‐166.

Evsel ve Evsel Nitelikli Arıtma Çamurlarının Toprak Düzenleyici Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 4, 589 - 597, 25.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.613129

Öz

Atıksuların arıtılması neticesinde oluşan arıtma çamurlarının yeniden kullanılmasının sağlanması, atık arıtma sektöründeki öncelikli konulardan biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Atıksu arıtma çamurlarının bünyesinde bulunan çeşitli organik ve inorganik bileşikler, bu atıkların toprak düzenleyici olarak değerlendirilmesi alternatifini de beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu kapsamda, toprakta kullanılabilme potansiyeline sahip çamurların toprağa yapacağı katkıların ve/veya etkilerin laboratuvar ortamında yürütülen inkübasyon çalışmalarıyla değerlendirilmesi fayda sağlamakta ve yol gösterici olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, stabil hale getirilen evsel ve evsel nitelikli (gıda) arıtma çamurları 100t/ha oranında topraklara uygulanmış ve 12 aylık bir inkübasyon çalışması yürütülerek toprağın bazı kimyasal özelliklerinde meydana gelen değişimler irdelenmiştir. Yapılan araştırma sonuçlarına göre, denenen dozda çamur uygulaması toprakların pH değerini hafifçe düşürürken (maksimum 1 birim), EC25oC değerlerini arttırmıştır. Toprağa yapılan tüm arıtma çamuru uygulamalarının, kontrol toprağında yaklaşık %1, 6 seviyelerindeki kolay okside olabilir organik karbon içeriğini %2- 2,6 seviyelerine çıkarttığı tespit edilmiştir. Çamur uygulanmış topraklarda amonyum azotu değerleri kontrole göre çok büyük artış göstermezken nitrat azotu değerleri belirgin şekilde artmış ve 12 aylık inkübasyon döneminin sonunda 713 ila 1048 mg/kg seviyelerine ulaşmıştır. Yarayışlı fosfor konsantrasyonunun da çamur uygulamasına bağlı olarak 24-30 mg PO4-P/kg seviyelerinden 44-91 mg PO4-P/kg seviyelerine çıktığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, 100 t/ha oranında yapılan evsel ve evsel nitelikli arıtma çamuru uygulamaları ile toprağın organik madde ve bitki besin maddesi içeriklerinin arttığı ve topraktaki biyokimyasal fonksiyonların geliştiği izlenimi edinilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında incelenen parametreler itibarıyla denenen arıtma çamurlarının toprak düzenleyici olarak kullanım potansiyelinin oldukça yüksek olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Antolin M.C., Pascual I., Garcia C., Polo A. and Sanhez-Diaz M. 2005. Growth, yield and solute content of barley in soils treated with sewage sludge under semiarid Mediterranean conditions. Fields Crops Research, 94, 2-3, 224-237.
  • Antoniadis V., Tsadilas C.D. and Dalias P., 2010. Evaluation of sewage sludge as a soil amendment in relation to nitrate leaching, Agrochimica -Pisa-, 54, 2, 91-102.
  • APHA, AWWA & WEF. 1998. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20. Edition, American Public Health Association.
  • Bozkurt, M.A., Yarılgaç, T. ve Yazıcı, A.2010. The use of sewage sludge as an organic matter source in apple trees. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 19, 2, 267-274.
  • Bremner, J.M. and Mulvaney, C.S. 1982. “Nitrogen-total” in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties (A.L. Page, ed.), SSSA Book Series No: 9, SSSA and ASA, 595-622.
  • Gabrielle, B., Da-Silveira, J., Houot, S., Michelin, J. 2005. Field-scale modelling of carbon and nitrogen dynamics in soils amended with urban waste composts. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment. 110, 289-299.
  • Garcia-Gill, J.C., Plaza, C., Senesi, N., Brunetti, G. and Polo, A. 2004. Effects of sewage sludge amendment of humic acids and microbiological properties of semiarid Mediterranean soil. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 39, 5, 320-328.
  • Gaskin, J.W., Brobst, R.B., Miller, W.P. and Tollner, E.W. 2003. Long-term biosolids application effects on metal concentrations in soil and bermudagrass forage. Journal of Environmental Quality, 32, 146-152.
  • Gee, G.W., Bauder, J.W. 1982. “Particle Size Analysis” in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 1. Physical and Minerological Methods (A. Klute, ed.), ASA-SSSA, 384-412.Ghazy, M., Dochorn, T., and Dichtl, N. 2009. Sewage sludge management in Egypt: Current status and perspectives towards a sustainable agricultural use. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 387-395.
  • Keeney, D.R. and Nelson, D.W. 1982. “Nitrogen-inorganic Forms” in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties(A.L. Page, ed.), SSSA Book Series No: 9, SSSA and ASA, 643-693.
  • Krogstad T., Sogn T.A., Asdal A. and Sæbø A. 2005. Influence of chemically and biologically stabilized sewage sludge on plant-available phosphorous in soil. Ecological Engineering, 25, 51–60.
  • Kumar, V., Chopra, A.K. and Kumar, A., 2017. A review on sewage sludge (Biosolids) a resource for sustainable agriculture. Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 2, 4, 340-347.
  • Luczkiewicz. A. 2006. Soil and groundwater contamination as a result of sewage sludge land application. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 15, 6, 869–876.Mazen, A., Faheed, F.A. and Ahmed, A.F. 2010. Study of potential impacts of using sewage sludge in the amendment of desert reclaimed soil on wheat and jews mallow plants. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 53, 4, 917-930.
  • Mc Lean, E.O. 1982. “Soil pH and Lime Requirement” in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties (A.L. Page, ed.), SSSA Book Series No: 9, SSSA and ASA, 199-224.
  • Mohammad, M.J. and Athamneh, M.B. 2004. Changes in soil fertility and plant uptake of nutrients and heavy metals in response to sewage sludge application to calcareous soils. Journal of Agronomy, 3, 229-236.
  • Nelson, D.W. and Sommers, L.E. 1982. “Total Carbon, Organic Carbon, and Organic Matter”, In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, SSSA Book Series No: 9, SSSA and ASA, 539-579.
  • Nikzad, E., Kalbasi, M., Hoodaji, M. and Fallahzade, J. 2015. Effect of sewage sludge urban application on concentration of Fe, Mn and some nutrient element in parsley. Research Journal of Soil Biology, 7, 2, 46-55.
  • Olsen, S.R. and Sommers, L.E. 1982. “Phosphorus” in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties (A.L. Page, ed.), SSSA Book Series No: 9, SSSA and ASA, 403-430.
  • Paul, E.A. and Clark,.F.E. 1996. Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry, 2nd edn, San Diego Academic Press Inc.
  • Pepper, I.L., Zerzghi, H.G., Bengson, S.A., Iker, B.C., Banerjee, M.J. and Brooks, J.P. 2012. Bacterial populations within copper mine tailings:long-term effects of amendment with Class A biosolids. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 113, 569-577.
  • Rhoades, J.D. 1982. “Soluble Salts” in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, (A.L. Page, ed.), SSSA Book Series No: 9, SSSA and ASA, 285-290.
  • Samaras, V., Tsadilas, C. D. and Stamatiadis, S. 2008. Effects of repeated application of municipal sewage sludge on soil fertility, cotton yield, and nitrate leaching. Agronomy Journal, 100, 477-483.
  • Sepúlveda-Varas, A., Inostroza, C. And Encina-Montoya, F. 2011. Effects of the incorporation of biosolids on soil quality: temporal evolution in a degraded inceptisol (typic endoaquepts). Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 11, 3, 33-44.
  • Sharma, B., Sarkar, A., Singh, P. and Singh , R.P. 2017. Agricultural utilization of biosolids: A review on potential effects on soil and plant grown. Waste Management, 64 , 117-132.
  • Sidhu, J.P. and Toze, S.G. 2009. Human pathogens and their indicators in biosolids: a literature review. Environment International, 35, 187-201.
  • Silva, J.D.C., Tamara Leal, T.T.B., Araújo, A.S.F., Araujo, R.M. Gomes, R.L.F., Melo, W.J. and Singh, R.P. 2010. Effect of different tannery sludge compost amendment rates on growth, biomass accumulation and yield responses of Capsicumplants. Waste Management, 30, 10, 1976-1980.
  • Singh, R.P. and Agrawal, M. 2010. Biochemical and physiological responses of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown on different sewage sludge amendments rates. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 84, 5, 606–612.
  • Ünal, M. 2002. Gıda sanayii arıtma çamurlarının tarımda kullanılma olanakları üzerine bir araştırma. Doktora Tezi, Uludağ üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bursa, 110.
  • Walker, D.J. and Bernal, M.P. 2008. The effects of olive mill waste compost and poultry manure on the availability and plant uptake of nutrients in a highly saline soil. Bioresource Technology, 99, 396-403.
  • Yaman, K. ve Olhan, E., 2011. Arıtma çamuru kullanımının buğdayın verim, fiziki girdi ve maliyetleri üzerindeki etkisi. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 17, 157‐166.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Fatma Olcay Topaç Şağban 0000-0002-6364-4087

Esra Demir 0000-0003-2158-6744

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Eylül 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 29 Ağustos 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Topaç Şağban, F. O., & Demir, E. (2020). Evsel ve Evsel Nitelikli Arıtma Çamurlarının Toprak Düzenleyici Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(4), 589-597. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.613129
AMA Topaç Şağban FO, Demir E. Evsel ve Evsel Nitelikli Arıtma Çamurlarının Toprak Düzenleyici Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. Eylül 2020;20(4):589-597. doi:10.35414/akufemubid.613129
Chicago Topaç Şağban, Fatma Olcay, ve Esra Demir. “Evsel Ve Evsel Nitelikli Arıtma Çamurlarının Toprak Düzenleyici Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 20, sy. 4 (Eylül 2020): 589-97. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.613129.
EndNote Topaç Şağban FO, Demir E (01 Eylül 2020) Evsel ve Evsel Nitelikli Arıtma Çamurlarının Toprak Düzenleyici Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 20 4 589–597.
IEEE F. O. Topaç Şağban ve E. Demir, “Evsel ve Evsel Nitelikli Arıtma Çamurlarının Toprak Düzenleyici Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi”, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 20, sy. 4, ss. 589–597, 2020, doi: 10.35414/akufemubid.613129.
ISNAD Topaç Şağban, Fatma Olcay - Demir, Esra. “Evsel Ve Evsel Nitelikli Arıtma Çamurlarının Toprak Düzenleyici Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 20/4 (Eylül 2020), 589-597. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.613129.
JAMA Topaç Şağban FO, Demir E. Evsel ve Evsel Nitelikli Arıtma Çamurlarının Toprak Düzenleyici Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2020;20:589–597.
MLA Topaç Şağban, Fatma Olcay ve Esra Demir. “Evsel Ve Evsel Nitelikli Arıtma Çamurlarının Toprak Düzenleyici Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 20, sy. 4, 2020, ss. 589-97, doi:10.35414/akufemubid.613129.
Vancouver Topaç Şağban FO, Demir E. Evsel ve Evsel Nitelikli Arıtma Çamurlarının Toprak Düzenleyici Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2020;20(4):589-97.