COVİD 19 Salgınında Gıda Güvencesi: Gıda Tedarik Zincirlerine Bağlı Etkiler

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 2333 - 2349, 31.05.2022

Nusret Soğancılar , Zeynep Dereli , Güler Sağlam Arı

https://doi.org/10.29023/alanyaakademik.1055879

Cited By: 1

Öz

Son yıllarda gıda fiyatlarındaki artışlar ile gıda kıtlığına yönelik sinyaller veren küresel gıda tedarik zincirlerinin kırılganlığı, COVID-19 salgını sürecinde hükümetlerin uyguladığı kapanma önlemleri ile en üst seviyeye çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada, halen devam etmekte olan COVID-19 salgını ve salgınla mücadelede alınan önlemlerin küresel gıda tedarik zincirlerinde neden olduğu aksaklıkların ve bu aksaklıkların gıda güvencesine etkilerinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmaktadır. Gıda tedarik zincirlerindeki akışın bozulmasına neden olan arz ve talep yönlü şoklarla gıda güvencesini tehdit eden aksaklıklar, yeterli ve besleyici gıdaya erişimi salgın kadar önemli bir sorun haline getirmiştir. Gıda tedarik zincirinde; tüketicilerin panik yönlü satın alma davranışı göstermesi, işgücü piyasalarında değişime bağlı iş ve gelir kayıpları ile enflasyon talep yönlü etkiler olarak görülmüştür. İşgücü kıtlığı, ulaşım ağlarındaki aksamalar ve ülkelerin koyduğu sınırlamalar, dijital teknolojinin imkânları ile e-ticaretin yaygınlaşması ise arz yönlü etkiler olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. COVID-19 salgını, arz ve talep yönlü şoklarla gıda güvencesi üzerinde gıdanın fiziksel bulunabilirliğini, gıdaya ekonomik ve fiziksel erişimi, gıda kullanımını ve gıda istikrarını tehlikeye atan olumsuz etkilere neden olmuştur. Çalışma sonunda, gıda güvencesini sağlamada, gıda sistemlerinin dayanıklılığı, gıda tedarik zincirlerinin otomasyonu, çalışanların güvenliği ve tedarik zinciri faaliyetlerinin çevrimiçi ortamlarda denetlenmesinin önemi, gıda güvencesizliği yaşayan savunmasız gruplara yönelik devletin sosyal güvenlik politika ve uygulamaları ile gıda egemenliği konuları tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gıda tedarik zinciri, küresel gıda tedarik zinciri, gıda güvencesi, COVID-19.

Food Security in the COVID 19 Pandemic: Impacts Related to Food Supply Chains

Öz

The fragility of global food supply chains, which signals food shortages and increases in food prices in recent years, has reached the highest level with the government’s lockdown measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aims to highlight the disruptions in global food supply chains brought about by the ongoing COVID -19 pandemic and present the impact of these disruptions on food security. Supply-side and demand-side shocks that bring about deterioration of the flow in food supply chains and disruptions that threaten food security have made access to adequate and nutritious food an issue as significant as the pandemic. In the food supply chain, panic-oriented buying behaviors by consumers, job and income losses due to changes in labor markets and inflation have occurred as demand-side effects. Labor shortages, disruptions in transportation networks, restrictions imposed by countries, the opportunities of digital technology, and the spread of e-commerce have emerged as supply-side effects. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused negative effects on food security, jeopardizing availability, access, utilization, and stability with supply-side and demand-side shocks. In the conclusion part of the study, the resiliency of food systems, automation of food supply chains, the safety of employees and the importance of monitoring supply chain activities in online environments, the social security policies and practices of the state for vulnerable groups experiencing food insecurity, and food sovereignty were discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Food supply chain, global food supply chain, food security, COVID-19

Kaynakça

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