MINT Ülkelerinde CO₂ Emisyonu Üzerine Bir İnceleme: Panel Eşbütünleşme ve DOLSMG Analizi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 2869 - 2884, 30.09.2022

Dilara Ayla

https://doi.org/10.29023/alanyaakademik.1114486

Cited By: 1

Öz

Bu çalışmada, MINT ülkelerinin 1980-2020 sürecindeki kişi başına GSYİH, ticari dışa açıklık oranı ve kişi başına enerji tüketimi ile CO₂ emisyon düzeyi arasındaki eşbütünleşme ilişkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Analiz sonucunda elde edilen bulgular, söz konusu değişkenlerin uzun dönemde birlikte hareket eden bir yapıda olduğunu göstermiştir. Uzun dönem katsayılarının tespiti amacıyla yararlanılan DOLSMG tahmincisine ait sonuçlara göre, kişi başına GSYİH ve kişi başına enerji tüketiminde meydana gelen artışların ilgili ülke grubundaki CO₂ emisyonunu arttırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca emisyon miktarı artışı üzerindeki etkisi en fazla olan değişkenin enerji tüketimi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, özellikle Meksika ve Türkiye’deki kişi başına enerji tüketiminin grup ortalamasının üzerinde seyretmesi dikkat çekmektedir. Bununla birlikte ticari dışa açıklık düzeyinin artması halinde düşük bir etki katsayısına sahip olunsa da emisyon düzeyinin azaldığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, özellikle enerji kullanımına ilişkin verimlilik düzeyinin arttırılması, emisyon miktarının azaltılmasına yönelik dış ticaret politikalarının desteklenmesi ve ekonomik büyüme hedeflerinde yüksek karbon kullanan teknolojilerin azaltılması gerektiğine işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

CO2 Emisyonu, Kişi Başına Gelir, Enerji, Ticari Açıklık

A Study on CO₂ Emissions in MINT Countries: Panel Cointegration and DOLSMG Analysis

Öz

In this study, it is aimed to examine the cointegration relations between GDP per capita, trade openness ratio, per capita energy consumption and CO₂ emissions in the 1980-2020 period of MINT countries. The findings showed that the variables in question have a structure that moves together in the long run. According to the results of the DOLSMG estimator used to determine the long-term coefficients, has been determined that the increases in per capita GDP and per capita energy consumption increase the CO₂ emissions in the relevant country group. In addition, it was determined that the variable with the greatest effect on the increase in emission amount was energy consumption. In this context, it is noteworthy that the energy consumption per capita in Mexico and Turkey is above the group average. However, if the level of trade openness increases, it has been found that the emission level decreases, even though it has a low effect coefficient. The findings indicate that it is necessary to increase the efficiency level of energy use, to support foreign trade policies to reduce the amount of emissions, and to reduce the technologies that use high carbon in economic growth targets.

Anahtar Kelimeler

CO₂ Emissions, Per Capita Income, Energy, Trade Openness

Kaynakça

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