Establishing on Heavy Metal Accumulation in Some Economically Important Fish Species Captured from Kastamonu Costal

Abstract

This study aimed at examining heavy metal accumulation in haddock (Merlangius euxmus), bony fish (Sarda sarda), mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) and red mullet (Mullus barbatus) captured between İnebolu and Cide harbor region.

Fish samples were collected during 2014 to 2015 covering a whole year. From each different fish samples, including at least 25-30 for each species were collected using appropriate crafts and gears, and transferred to the laboratory on the same day in cold chain. Two gill spines, whole liver and 5 g muscle tissues taken from each fish species.

Heavy metal analysis results showed that iron content in the tissue of all species was higher compared to other metals. The lowest average was 23.23 mg kg^-1 in bony fish muscle and the highest level was 48.89 mg kg ^-1 in red mullet muscle. The lowest and the highest average values ranged between 189.65-267.45 mg kg^-1. Cadmium content was measured as the lowest in mackerel muscle (0.16 mg kg^-1) and the highest in bony fish muscle (0.28 mg kg^-1). Gills and liver contained higher cadmium accumulation compared to muscle tissue. Although, lead content was between 5.48 mg kg^-1 and 7.21 mg kg^-1 in muscle tissue, its higher level in gills and liver was between 8.87-12.26 mg kg ^-1. While the lowest nickel content was 2.21 mg kg^-1 in the muscle, cupper value in the muscle ranged between 2.35-4.52 mg kg^-1.

In this context, iron, copper, nickel and zinc levels were found to be within acceptable limits in regard to Turkish Food Codex, European Union Directives and World Health Organization, although cadmium and lead contents were higher.

Keywords

• İnebolu,Cide,Port,heavy metal,fish

Kastamonu Kıyılarından Yakalanan Bazı Ekonomik Balık Türlerinde Ağır Metal Birikiminin Tespiti

Öz

Bu çalışma İnebolu ve Cide Limanları arasında kalan bölgeden yakalanan Mezgit (Merlangius euxmus), Palamut (Sarda sarda), İstavrit (Trachurus trachurus) ve Barbun (Mullus barbatus) balıklarında ağır metal birikiminin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Örnekleme; 2014 Eylül ayında başlayıp Nisan 2015’e kadar devam etmiştir. Her bir türden 25-30 adet arasında olmak üzere balık örnekleri uygun av araçlarıyla toplanarak laboratuvara taşınmıştır. Her balıktan iki solungaç dikeni, ciğerin tümü ve 5gr’lık kas dokusu alınmıştır.

Ağır metal analiz sonuçları; demir verileri tüm dokularda ve bütün türlerde diğer metallere göre yüksek olduğu izlenmiştir. En düşük ortalama palamut kasında 23,23 mg kg^-1 olarak ölçülürken kastaki en yüksek ortalama 48,89 mg kg^-1 ile Barbun kasında ölçülmüştür. Karaciğer ve solungaç dokularında ise en düşük ve en yüksek ortalamalar 189,65-267,45 mg kg^-1 arasında belirlenmiştir. Kadmiyum en düşük ortalama İstavrit kasında 0,16 mg kg^-1 olarak belirlenirken en yüksek ortalama Palamut kasında 0,28 mg kg^-1 olarak ölçülmüştür. Solungaç ve karaciğer dokularında birikim kas dokularına göre daha fazla tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen kurşun verileri kas dokularında ortalama 5,48 mg kg^-1 ile 7,21 mg kg^-1 arasında değişirken solungaç ve karaciğer dokularında diğer metallere benzer şekilde yüksek olarak 8,87-12,26 mg kg^-1arasında değişmiştir. Çinko verileri avlanan balık türlerinin kasında 5,45-9,89 mg kg^-1 ortalamaları arasında değişirken, karaciğerde 12,56-14,45 mg kg^-1, solungaçta ise 9,92-12,45 mg kg^-1 arasında izlenmiştir. Nikel için kaslardaki en düşük ortalama 2,21 mg kg^-1 olarak belirlenirken, bakır ortalamaları kaslarda 2,35-4,52 mg kg^-1 arasında izlenmiştir.

Sonuç olarak demir, bakır, nikel, çinko verileri Türk gıda kodeksi, Avrupa birliği direktifleri ve dünya sağlık örgütü standartları çerçevesinde kabul edilebilir limitler içerisinde belirlenirken kadmiyum ve kurşun bu limitlerin üzerinde tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İnebolu,Cide,ağır metal,Mezgit,Palamut,İstavrit,Barbun

Kaynakça

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